21st Century Literature Module 1:Lesson 1,Part 3: American Colonial Literature

Teacher Jellie

30 Sept 202006:40

Summary

TLDRIn this educational video, Jelly, the host, explores the evolution of Philippine literature during the American colonial period (1898-1945). The shift from Spanish to English literature is highlighted, with a focus on the role of education in spreading American cultural values. Various literary forms like news reporting, poetry, and plays are discussed, alongside significant newspapers and authors of the time. The spotlight story, 'Dead Stars' by Paco Marcus Benitez, tells a complex tale of love and choices involving characters Alfredo, Esperanza, and Julia, prompting viewers to reflect on their own decisions.

Takeaways

🎶 Introduction with music and a theme about love and choices.
📚 Introduction to 21st-century literature and the focus on American colonial literature in the Philippines.
🇺🇸 The American colonial period in the Philippines was from 1898 to 1945.
🇪🇸 Literature shifted from Spanish to English during the American colonial period.
🎓 Education was crucial for the U.S. colonial government to spread cultural values, particularly the English language.
📰 Forms of literature during this time included news reporting, poetry, short stories, plays, essays, and novels.
🗞️ Key newspapers included El Nuevo Dia, El Grito del Pueblo, and El Renacimiento.
🎭 Notable plays from this period included 'Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow' by Aurelio Tolentino.
📖 Significant short stories included 'Footnote to Youth' by Jose Garcia Villa, 'A Son is Born' by Manuel Arguilla, and 'How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife'.
⭐ Highlight on the story 'Dead Stars' by Paz Marquez Benitez, discussing themes of love, choices, and regrets.

Q & A

What is the time period of the American colonial literature in the Philippines discussed in the video?
-The American colonial literature in the Philippines is discussed from the year 1898 to 1945.
How did the American colonial government influence the literature of the Philippines during their rule?
-The American colonial government influenced Philippine literature by shifting it from Spanish to English and institutionalizing public education with English as the medium of instruction, which allowed them to spread their cultural values.
What was the significance of education in the American colonial period in the Philippines?
-Education was significant during the American colonial period as it facilitated the spread of American cultural values, particularly the English language, to the Filipino people.
What forms of literature existed during the American colonial period in the Philippines?
-The forms of literature that existed during this time included news reporting, poetry, short stories, plays, essays, and novels.
Name some of the newspapers that played an active role in the field of literature during the American colonial period.
-Some active newspapers in the field of literature during this period were 'El Nuevo Dia', 'El Greto del Pueblo', and 'El Reynacimento'.
Who established the newspaper 'El Nuevo Dia' and in what year?
-'El Nuevo Dia' was established by Cerio Esmenia in the year 1900.
Can you identify a play written during the American colonial period in the Philippines?
-One of the plays written during this period is 'Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow' by Aurelio Tolentino.
What is the title of the spotlight story featured in the video?
-The spotlight story featured in the video is titled 'Dead Stars'.
Who is the author of the spotlight story 'Dead Stars'?
-The author of 'Dead Stars' is Paz Marquez Benitez.
What is the central theme of the story 'Dead Stars'?
-The central theme of 'Dead Stars' revolves around the complexities of love, the consequences of falling out of love, and the lingering effects of past relationships.
What moral dilemma does the character Alfredo face in the story 'Dead Stars'?
-Alfredo faces a moral dilemma of choosing between his long-standing relationship with Esperanza and his newfound feelings for Julia Salas, his neighbor's sister-in-law.
What realization does Alfredo come to upon seeing Julia again after eight years in the story 'Dead Stars'?
-Alfredo realizes that his feelings for Julia over the years were like the light of dead stars, long extinguished yet still visible in their appointed places in heaven, signifying that his love for her was once bright but is now only a memory.
What advice does the video suggest for learners when faced with difficult choices in life?
-The video suggests that when faced with difficult choices in life, learners should make sure that whatever decision they make will ultimately lead to their happiness.

Outlines

00:00

🎶 Introduction to Today's Lesson

The video begins with a musical introduction and poses a question about love. The host, Jelly, introduces herself as the teacher for the day and mentions the topic of the lesson, which is American colonial literature in the Philippines. She briefly recaps the previous video on Spanish colonial literature and sets the stage for discussing the shift from Spanish to English literature during the American colonial period (1898-1945).

06:03

📚 American Colonial Period Overview

Jelly explains that the American colonial period in the Philippines lasted from 1898 to 1945. During this time, literature transitioned from Spanish to English, while still preserving Filipino experiences. Education became a crucial tool for the US colonial government to spread their cultural values, particularly the English language. By 1901, public education was institutionalized in the Philippines with English as the medium of instruction. The period saw various forms of literature such as news reporting, poetry, short stories, plays, essays, and novels.

📰 Newspapers and Literary Works

The active arousal in the field of literature during the American colonial period is highlighted through several newspapers: El Nuevo Dia (The New Day) by Sergio Osmeña, El Grito del Pueblo (The Call of the Nation) by Pascual Poblete, and El Renacimiento (The Rebirth) by Rafael Palma. Additionally, notable plays and short stories from this period are mentioned, including 'Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow' by Aurelio Tolentino and 'Footnote to Youth' by Jose Garcia Villa.

🌟 Featured Story: Dead Stars

The segment introduces the featured story 'Dead Stars' by Paz Marquez Benitez. It narrates the tale of Alfredo, who is engaged to Esperanza but falls for Julia Salas, his neighbor's sister-in-law. Despite marrying Esperanza, Alfredo cannot forget Julia. Years later, he meets Julia again and realizes that his feelings for her were like 'dead stars,' long extinguished but still present. The story prompts viewers to reflect on their own feelings and decisions in similar situations.

📝 Quiz Time and Conclusion

Jelly concludes the lesson by asking students to take a quiz on the discussed topic, urging them to use a sheet of paper. After the quiz, she provides the answers and encourages students who scored less than three to replay the video until they understand the content fully. She emphasizes accountability in learning and signs off, promising to see the students in the next lesson.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡American Colonial Period

The American Colonial Period in the Philippines refers to the time between 1898 and 1945 when the Philippines was under American rule. During this period, there was a significant shift in the country’s literature from Spanish to English. This period is important in understanding how American influence shaped Filipino culture, particularly through the introduction of public education and the spread of the English language.

💡Literature

Literature during the American Colonial Period in the Philippines included various forms such as news reporting, poetry, short stories, plays, essays, and novels. The content often focused on Filipino experiences, reflecting the cultural and societal changes brought by American colonization. The script discusses how literature became a tool for Filipinos to express their identity and experiences during this time.

💡Education

Education was a crucial tool for the United States colonial government to spread their cultural values and the English language in the Philippines. Public education was institutionalized by 1901, with English as the medium of instruction. This education system played a significant role in shaping the literary output of Filipinos during the American Colonial Period.

💡El Nuevo Dia

"El Nuevo Dia" (The New Day) was one of the newspapers established during the American Colonial Period, founded by Sergio Osmeña in the early 1900s. This newspaper, like others of the time, played a role in the active arousal of Filipino literature and was a medium through which Filipino experiences and nationalist sentiments were expressed.

💡Dead Stars

"Dead Stars" is a short story by Paz Marquez Benitez discussed in the script. The story is about a man named Alfredo who struggles with his feelings of love and loyalty. The 'dead stars' metaphorically represent feelings that have faded over time but still linger. This story is an example of the kind of literature that was produced during the American Colonial Period, reflecting the emotional and psychological conflicts of the characters.

💡Footnote to Youth

"Footnote to Youth" is a short story by José García Villa, mentioned in the script as an example of literature from this period. The story deals with themes of youthful recklessness and the consequences of early decisions. It highlights how Filipino writers used English to tell stories that were deeply rooted in Filipino culture and experiences.

💡News Reporting

News reporting became a significant form of literature during the American Colonial Period, providing a platform for Filipinos to express their views and share important information. Newspapers like "El Nuevo Dia" and "El Grito del Pueblo" were key in the dissemination of news and nationalist ideas during this time.

💡English Language

The English language became the dominant medium of instruction and literary expression during the American Colonial Period in the Philippines. The shift from Spanish to English marked a significant cultural change, influencing the way Filipinos wrote and communicated their ideas. This linguistic shift was heavily promoted through the American-established education system.

💡Cultural Values

The spread of American cultural values was a primary goal of the colonial government, achieved largely through the education system. These values, including the use of the English language and American democratic ideals, were imparted to the Filipino people, leading to a transformation in Filipino literature and culture.

💡Public Education

Public education, introduced by the Americans in 1901, was a cornerstone of their colonial policy in the Philippines. It was designed to inculcate American cultural values, primarily through the use of English as the medium of instruction. This system had a lasting impact on Filipino society and its literature, fostering a generation of English-speaking Filipinos who contributed to the literary landscape of the time.

Highlights

Introduction to the topic of falling in and out of love.

Introduction of the featured story about Alfredo.

Introduction of the teacher, Jolly, and the course on 21st-century literature.

Recap of the previous video on Spanish colonial literature in the Philippines.

Introduction to American colonial literature in the Philippines.

American colonial period in the Philippines lasted from 1898 to 1945.

Shift from Spanish to English in Filipino literature during the American period.

Education became important for the US colonial government to spread cultural values and the English language.

By 1901, public education was institutionalized with English as the medium of instruction.

Forms of literature during this period included news reporting, poetry, short stories, plays, essays, and novels.

Newspapers like El Nuevo Dia, El Grito del Pueblo, and El Renacimiento played a significant role.

Notable plays during this period included 'Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow' by Aurelio Tolentino.

Important short stories included 'Footnote to Youth' by Jose Garcia Villa and 'How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife'.

Introduction to the spotlight story 'Dead Stars' by Paz Marquez Benitez.

'Dead Stars' tells the story of Alfredo, his engagement to Esperanza, and his feelings for Julia Salas.

Alfredo realizes his feelings for Julia were like the light of dead stars, long extinguished yet still visible.

Questions for reflection on Alfredo's, Julia's, and Esperanza's perspectives.

Encouragement to make choices that lead to happiness.

Conclusion of the lesson on American colonial literature.

Instructions for the quiz and reminder of the importance of self-accountability in learning.