Art in the Philippines (Historical Background)

Summary

In this educational video, Teacher Chris explores the rich tapestry of Philippine art, highlighting its evolution through three distinct phases: the indigenous ethnic tradition, Spanish colonial influence, and American colonial period. The script delves into the use of local materials in early Filipino art, the impact of Western art forms during the Spanish era, including religious and secular dances, and the architectural styles of that time. It concludes with the contemporary arts, showcasing a fusion of various methods and materials, providing a comprehensive overview of the Philippine art's journey.

Takeaways

• 🎨 The Philippine art has evolved through three major traditions: ethnic, Spanish colonial, and American colonial periods.
• 🌏 Ethnic art in the Philippines was influenced by the geographical location and the experiences of Filipinos, using local materials like bamboo and coconut for construction.
• 🎶 Early Filipinos expressed their daily experiences and beliefs through folk literature and rituals, which included theatrical performances and the use of indigenous musical instruments.
• 🏰 The Spanish colonial period introduced Western art forms and had a significant impact on Philippine art, with religion and secularization playing key roles in shaping the art and literature.
• 📚 Literary works during the Spanish regime were often religious, and the commedia became a popular form of entertainment.
• 💃 Religious dances were performed to honor saints, while secular dances like Fandango, Polka, and Menuet were enjoyed during social gatherings.
• 🏛 Architectural styles during the Spanish period utilized stones and bricks, with intricate metal works for decoration, creating structures like churches and government offices.
• 🏙 The town planning concept of the 'plaza system' was introduced, consisting of a church, school, municipal hall, and a central plaza.
• 🌐 The American colonial tradition brought contemporary arts to the Philippines, combining different methods, materials, and ideas.
• 🌟 The Philippine art scene today is a rich blend of indigenous, Spanish, and American influences, reflecting a unique cultural heritage.
• 👋 Teacher Chris concludes the lesson, hoping that the students have gained new insights into the arts of the Philippines.

Q & A

What are the three major traditions that influenced the development of Philippine art?

The three major traditions that influenced the development of Philippine art are ethnic tradition, Spanish colonial period, and the American colonial tradition.

What were the primary influences on the ethnic art forms in the Philippines before colonization?

The ethnic art forms in the Philippines were primarily influenced by the geographical location and the experiences of the Filipinos.

What materials did early Filipinos use in constructing their art forms?

Early Filipinos used local materials such as bamboo, wood, and coconut shells in constructing their art forms.

How did folk literature and rituals reflect the daily experiences and beliefs of early Filipinos?

Folk literature verbalized their daily experiences, while rituals and theatrical performances depicted their beliefs.

What types of musical instruments were commonly used in early Filipino music?

Bamboo flutes and grass gongs were commonly used in early Filipino music.

How did the Spanish colonial period influence the art forms in the Philippines?

The Spanish colonial period influenced Philippine art by introducing Western art forms and a strong emphasis on religion and secularization.

What are some examples of literary works that emerged during the Spanish regime in the Philippines?

Literary works during the Spanish regime included religious plays and the commedia, which became popular.

What types of dances were performed to venerate saints and during gatherings during the Spanish colonial period?

Religious dances performed to venerate saints included dances like the 'sarsuela,' while secular dances like 'fandango,' 'polka,' and 'menuet' were performed during gatherings.

What materials were predominantly used in constructing buildings during the Spanish colonial period?

Stones and bricks were predominantly used in constructing buildings like churches and government offices during the Spanish colonial period.

How did the American colonial tradition influence contemporary arts in the Philippines?

The American colonial tradition influenced contemporary arts in the Philippines by introducing a combination of different methods, materials, and ideas.

What is the 'town plaza system' mentioned in the script, and what does it consist of?

The 'town plaza system' is a layout consisting of a church, school, municipal hall, and a central plaza, which was a common feature in Spanish colonial architecture in the Philippines.