TAGLISH 21st Century Literature - MODULE 1 (Part 2) - American and Japanese Colonization

Sir Enjay and Ma'am Maica's Corner

13 Oct 202107:13

Summary

TLDRThis script explores the evolution of Philippine literature through various colonization eras. It highlights the American colonization era (1899-1945), which introduced public education and English language, with notable writers like Aurelio Tolentino and Jose Garcia Villa. The Japanese era (1941-1945) saw a rise in escapism through romance and fantasy, and the introduction of haiku. The script also touches on nationalism in literature and mentions playwrights like Jose Maria Hernandez. The contemporary period is hinted at, suggesting a progression into the 21st century with martial law's impact on literature.

Takeaways

📚 The American colonization era in the Philippines lasted from 1899 to 1945 and was characterized by a different approach to education and governance compared to the Spanish era.
🏫 The American period saw the establishment of a public school system in the Philippines, with American soldiers known as Thomasites acting as teachers and promoting the English language.
📖 Filipino literature during the American era was diverse, with writers choosing to write in Spanish, Tagalog, dialects, or English, reflecting the influence of the colonizers.
🎓 Notable writers from the American colonization era include Aurelio Tolentino, Tahapun Bujas, Manuel Orgilia, and Jose Garcia Villa.
🌏 The Japanese colonization era was much shorter, lasting from 1941 to 1945, and had a significant impact on Filipino literature and the use of the English language.
💔 During the Japanese era, literature became an escape for Filipinos, with a rise in romance and fantasy themes, and the introduction of the haiku form to the country.
🌿 Haiku, a form of poetry with a 5-7-5 syllable structure, became popular during the Japanese colonization, often focusing on nature.
📰 The Japanese occupation also limited the circulation of newspapers, with only Tribune and Philippine Review being significant during this time.
🎭 Filipino playwrights like Jose Maria Hernandez, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Claudualdo del Mundo, and Julian Cruz Balmaseda gained prominence during the Japanese era.
📚 The short story genre expanded during the Japanese occupation, with authors such as Prigido Batumbakal, NVM Gonzalez, Alicia Lopez Lim, Nigaya Perez, and Gloria Guzman contributing to its growth.
🌐 The script also mentions the transition to the 21st century and the martial law period, indicating a continuation of the discussion on Filipino literature and its evolution.

Q & A

What era is discussed first in the script, and what is its time frame?
-The script first discusses the Spanish era, which is not explicitly given a time frame in the transcript but is followed by the American colonization era, indicating it occurred before 1899.
How did the American colonization era approach the Philippines differently from the Spanish era?
-The American colonization era approached the Philippines with the intention of helping the country progress towards independence. They opened education to everyone and established the public school system in the Philippines.
Who were the 'Thomasites' mentioned in the script, and what was their role?
-The 'Thomasites' were American soldiers who served as teachers in the Philippines, helping to spread the English language during the American colonization era.
What language did the Filipino writers choose to write in during the American colonization era?
-Filipino writers during the American colonization era chose to write in Spanish, Tagalog, their own dialects, or English.
Can you name any famous writers from the American colonization era mentioned in the script?
-Some famous writers from the American colonization era mentioned in the script include Aurelio Tolentino, Tahapun Bujas, Manuel Orgilia, and Jose Garcia Villa.
What is the time frame of the Japanese colonization era in the Philippines?
-The Japanese colonization era in the Philippines lasted from 1941 to 1945.
How did the literature in the Philippines change during the Japanese colonization era?
-During the Japanese colonization era, Filipino literature saw an increase in romance and fantasy as an escape from reality. English literature faced a dark period, and the only newspapers that circulated were the Tribune and Philippine Review.
What is a haiku and what is its structure?
-A haiku is a form of poetry with a structure of three lines, following a 5-7-5 syllable count.
What themes were prevalent in Filipino literature during the Japanese colonization era?
-Themes of nationalism, love for the country, and an escape through romances and fantasies were prevalent in Filipino literature during the Japanese colonization era.
Can you name any famous playwrights from the Japanese colonization era mentioned in the script?
-Some famous playwrights from the Japanese colonization era mentioned in the script include Jose Maria Hernandez, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, Claudualdo del Mundo, and Julian Cruz Balmaseda.
What significant change occurred in short story writing during the Japanese occupation?
-During the Japanese occupation, the scope of short story writing in the Philippines widened, leading to the emergence of many short story writers.
What is the significance of the organization 'Dramatic Philippines' mentioned in the script?
-The organization 'Dramatic Philippines' was founded by some of the translators during the Japanese colonization era and is significant for its contribution to Filipino theater and drama.

Outlines

00:00

📚 American Colonization and Education in the Philippines

This paragraph discusses the American colonization era in the Philippines from 1899 to 1945, emphasizing the introduction of a public school system and the spread of English language. The Americans aimed to guide the Philippines towards independence. The era saw the emergence of Filipino writers like Aurelio Tolentino, Tahapun Bujas, and others who wrote in various languages including English, Spanish, and Tagalog. The paragraph also mentions the transition to the Japanese colonization era, which lasted from 1941 to 1945, and the shift in literature towards escapism through romance and fantasy.

05:24

🎭 Filipino Literature and Theatre during Japanese Occupation

The second paragraph delves into the Japanese colonization era's impact on Filipino literature, highlighting the preference for romance, fantasy, and nationalism in writing as an escape from the harsh realities of the time. The paragraph introduces the haiku form of poetry, with an example provided, and discusses the limited circulation of newspapers like Tribune and Philippine Review. It also mentions the translators and playwrights of the time, such as Francisco Rodrigo and Alberto Concho, and their contributions to the organization of Filipino players. The paragraph concludes with a mention of the expansion of short story writing during the Japanese occupation, listing several authors and setting the stage for the discussion of the 21st-century literature and martial law era.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡American colonization

The period from 1899 to 1945 when the Philippines was under American rule. This era marked significant changes in the Philippines, such as the establishment of the public school system. The Americans aimed to prepare Filipinos for eventual independence, influencing education, literature, and culture.

💡Thomasites

The term refers to American soldiers who served as the first teachers in the Philippines during the American colonization period. They were instrumental in introducing the public school system and teaching English to Filipinos, as mentioned in the video.

💡Public school system

The Americans introduced the public school system to the Philippines during their occupation. It was a key part of their plan to educate the Filipino population and integrate English as a national language, shaping the country's education system.

💡English language

During the American colonization era, English was promoted as the language of instruction and communication in the Philippines. It became a medium of education and influenced Filipino literature, as writers began composing works in English, Tagalog, and Spanish.

💡Filipino literature

The script highlights how Filipino writers during different periods wrote in various languages: Spanish, Tagalog, and English. During the American and Japanese occupations, literature evolved to reflect the changing political climate, ranging from nationalist themes to escapism through fantasy and romance.

💡Haiku

A form of traditional Japanese poetry consisting of three lines with a 5-7-5 syllable pattern. The haiku became popular in the Philippines during the Japanese occupation (1941-1945), and the script provides an example written by the speaker, showcasing its focus on nature and simplicity.

💡Japanese colonization

The period from 1941 to 1945 when Japan occupied the Philippines. This era had a significant impact on Filipino literature, as writers turned to poetry, including haiku, to express themselves amidst the censorship and oppression by the Japanese regime.

💡Censorship

During the Japanese occupation, censorship was imposed on Filipino writers, especially those writing in English. Only a few newspapers, like the Tribune and Philippine Review, were allowed to circulate, reflecting the control over literary expression during this time.

💡Nationalism

Nationalism, or love for one’s country, became a dominant theme in Filipino literature, especially during the periods of colonization. Writers sought to inspire patriotism and resistance against foreign rule, as seen in works during the Japanese era, where literature became a vehicle for expressing national identity.

💡Contemporary period

Refers to the period following the end of colonial rule, particularly after the declaration of Martial Law in the Philippines. In the script, the speaker begins transitioning into this era, hinting at its significance in shaping modern Filipino literature, though it is not discussed in detail.

Highlights

American colonization era lasted from 1899 to 1945.

Americans approached the Philippines with a different way and style, aiming to help lead to independence.

Public school system was established during the American era in the Philippines.

Thomasites, American soldiers, functioned as teachers and taught the English language to Filipinos.

Filipinos during the American era wrote literature in Spanish, Tagalog, dialects, and English.

Etihumana, Western, and other famous writers emerged during the American colonization era.

Aurelio Tolentino, Tahapun Bujas, and other writers contributed to Filipino literature in English.

Japanese colonization era lasted from 1941 to 1945.

Filipinos sought escape through literature during the Japanese era, writing about romances and fantasies.

English literature faced a dark period during the Japanese era, with limited newspapers like Tribune and Philippine Review.

Haiku, a form of poetry with 5-7-5 syllable structure, was introduced during the Japanese era.

Filipinos also wrote about nationalism and love for their country during the Japanese colonization.

Translators like Francisco Rodrigo, Alberto Concho, and Narciso Pimentel played a role in this era.

Jose Maria Hernandez, Francisco Soc Rodrigo, and other playwrights contributed to Filipino theater.

Short story writing expanded during the Japanese occupation, with authors like Prigido Batumbakal and NVM Gonzalez.

Transitioning to the contemporary period and 21st-century literature, including martial law era.