American period to Contemporary period of Philippine literature| 21st Century Literature -SHS

Summary

This video script explores the evolution of Philippine literature through various colonial and contemporary periods. It highlights the American colonial period's educational and cultural advancements, the commercialization of literature in the 1920s, and the impact of Japanese occupation on literary themes. The script also discusses the rebirth of freedom post-WWII, the activism in literature during the 1970s, the New Society's focus on development, and the changes in the Third Republic. Finally, it touches on the dynamic 21st-century literature, inviting viewers to reflect on recent works and their differences from the 20th century.

Takeaways

• 📚 After the Spanish colonial period, the American colonial period saw significant advancements in Philippine education and culture, with the introduction of the public school system and free instruction in English and Filipino.
• 📖 The literature of the American period was characterized as imitative of American models, with students often following the styles of American poets rather than creating original works.
• 📰 In the 1920s, Philippine literature became commercialized with the publication of stories, novels, and poems in weekly publications like Wai and Bisaya, covering a range of subjects.
• 🎭 Drama during the American period was often used to criticize Spanish rule and to celebrate the heroism of those who fought for independence, such as the members of the Katipunan.
• 📚 The Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945 interrupted the development of Philippine literature, with a focus on nationalism, country love, and life in the barrios during this dark period.
• 📘 The rebirth of freedom in 1945 after the return of the Americans was marked by a struggle of mind and spirit, as well as a proliferation of newspapers and a resurgence in literary expression.
• 📔 The early post-liberation period saw the revival of Tagalog literature, with themes focusing on the hardships of life under Japanese rule and the bravery of the guerillas.
• 📝 The period of activism from 1970 to 1972 was marked by a desire for societal change, with literature reflecting the ills of society and the push for reforms or new ideologies.
• 🏛 During the New Society period, which began in 1972, literature often dealt with themes of progress and development, with an emphasis on improving societal conditions and addressing issues like drug addiction and pollution.
• 🌐 The lifting of martial law in 1981 and the establishment of the Third Republic brought about a change in the perception of Philippine literature, with a focus on themes of courage, shock, and grief over political events.
• 🚀 The 21st century has seen the introduction of new trends in Philippine literature to meet the needs and tastes of the new generation, with contemporary writings reflecting the ongoing evolution of the literary scene.

Q & A

What significant change occurred in Philippine literature during the American colonial period?

During the American colonial period, Philippine literature saw a great leap in education and culture with the introduction of the public school system and free public instruction. The use of English alongside Filipino became common, and literature started to imitate the American model, leading to commercialization and a focus on societal concerns.

How did the Japanese occupation affect Philippine literature?

The Japanese occupation interrupted the development of Philippine literature, especially in English. It was considered a dark period with newspapers being restricted and a focus on nationalism, country love, and life in the barrios in the works that were produced.

What were the three types of poems that emerged during the Japanese period?

The three types of poems that emerged during the Japanese period were haiku, tanaga (or tanaka), and kaganeewang ano. Haiku was a form of free verse with 17 syllables divided into three lines, while tanaga was a short form with measure and rhyme.

What was the impact of the rebirth of freedom on Philippine literature after World War II?

After the rebirth of freedom, Philippine literature experienced a revival, with writers expressing themselves more confidently. The early post-liberation period was marked by a struggle of mind and spirit, and there was a proliferation of newspapers and publications that allowed writers to share their works.

How did the period of activism in the 1970s influence the themes in Philippine literature?

The period of activism in the 1970s led to a desire for change and reforms in society, which was reflected in the literature of the time. Many writings recorded and embodied the petitions of the youth, emphasizing the importance of nationalism and social reforms.

What was the role of the Ministry of Public Affairs during the period of the New Society?

The Ministry of Public Affairs was established to supervise newspapers, books, and other publications during the period of the New Society. It aimed to stop writings that gave bad influences on the morals of the people and promoted the development of literature that aligned with the government's vision.

What were the themes prevalent in Philippine literature during the Third Republic?

During the Third Republic, themes in Philippine literature dealt with courage, shock, and grief over the treachery inflicted upon Aquino, as well as themes that were true to life, such as grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, and love of country.

How did the People Power Revolution of 1986 affect the state of Philippine literature?

The People Power Revolution of 1986 led to a period of turmoil and rejoicing, which was reflected in the literature of the time. It marked the beginning of a new era in Philippine literature, with writers exploring themes of freedom, democracy, and the aftermath of the revolution.

What are some of the contemporary trends in Philippine literature in the 21st century?

In the 21st century, Philippine literature has seen the introduction of new trends to meet the needs and tastes of the new generation. Contemporary writings explore a variety of themes and utilize innovative narrative techniques, reflecting the diverse experiences and perspectives of Filipinos today.

How can one contribute to the discussion on Philippine literature after watching the video?

To contribute to the discussion on Philippine literature, one can share their thoughts on the differences between 20th and 21st century literature, discuss recent stories they have read, and ask questions or seek clarifications in the comment section below the video.