Your ‘Healthy’ Blood Pressure is Killing You

Dr Brad Stanfield
5 Sept 202411:20

Summary

TLDR这段视频揭示了关于血压的新研究,挑战了过去的健康标准。以往认为140的收缩压是安全的,但现在研究表明将血压降至120以下可以显著减少心脏病、卒中和死亡的风险。视频介绍了如何通过调整饮食、锻炼、睡眠和减压等生活方式来降低血压,并讨论了药物治疗的必要性,特别是对于生活方式无法控制血压的人群。视频还提供了实用的指南,帮助观众实现新的血压目标,从而有效保护心血管健康。

Takeaways

  • 😀 新的研究显示,曾被认为正常的血压水平(140/90)现在被认为存在风险,目标应是120/80。
  • 📉 Sprint研究表明,将收缩压降低到120以下可以显著减少心脏病发作、中风和死亡的风险。
  • ⚠️ 另一项来自中国的大型研究证实,降低血压可以降低12%的心血管病发作和21%的全因死亡率。
  • 🥑 饮食是控制血压的关键,增加高钾食物的摄入,如豌豆、菠菜、牛油果和豆类,有助于降低血压。
  • 🚫 减少钠的摄入至每天1500毫克(约一茶匙),避免加工食品和外出就餐可以帮助控制血压。
  • 💪 适度的运动,如步行、跑步和骑自行车,每周五天30分钟,可以显著降低血压。
  • 🛏️ 充足的高质量睡眠对控制血压至关重要,建议成年人每晚睡7到9小时。
  • 🌞 规律作息,尤其是早晨晒太阳,有助于调节睡眠周期和降低压力。
  • 😌 管理压力,如冥想、深呼吸等放松技术,有助于降低高血压。
  • 💊 若生活方式调整后血压仍高,可考虑药物治疗,首先考虑血管紧张素受体阻滞剂和钙通道阻滞剂。

Q & A

  • 为什么过去的血压标准现在被认为是危险的?

    -过去医生认为收缩压(即血压的上限值)高达140是可以接受的,尤其是随着年龄的增长,血压往往会升高。然而,最新的研究表明,哪怕是略微升高的血压都会增加心脏病、卒中和死亡的风险。

  • 收缩压保持在120以下对健康有什么好处?

    -降低收缩压至120以下可以显著降低心脏病、卒中和死亡的风险。根据Sprint研究,收缩压低于120的组每年心脏病和卒中风险降低了27%,死亡率降低了25%。

  • Sprint研究的主要结论是什么?

    -Sprint研究发现,降低收缩压至120以下相比保持在140,可以显著减少心脏病、卒中和相关死亡的风险。研究甚至因为结果过于明显而提前结束。

  • 中国的研究是如何验证Sprint研究的?

    -中国的研究测试了更大、更多样化的人群,包含了糖尿病患者和曾经中风的人。结果同样表明,降低收缩压至120以下可以减少心脏病、卒中及其他原因导致的死亡风险。

  • 为了降低血压,饮食中的关键是什么?

    -钾对于降低血压至关重要,它可以平衡体内的钠,帮助血管放松。增加豌豆、菠菜、牛油果和豆类等高钾食物的摄入有助于降低血压。

  • 钠对血压的影响是什么?

    -摄入过多的钠会升高血压。美国心脏协会建议每天钠的摄入量不要超过1500毫克,超过这个量会增加高血压的风险。

  • 如何通过饮食调整来控制钠的摄入?

    -减少加工食品的摄入,选择低钠食物,并尽可能在家做饭以控制盐的使用。盐替代品也是一种帮助减少钠摄入的有效方法。

  • 除了饮食,还有哪些方法可以帮助降低血压?

    -运动是降低血压的最佳方法之一。每周五天,每天30分钟的步行、慢跑、游泳或骑行都对心脏有益。力量训练也有助于保持新陈代谢强健,从而帮助控制血压。

  • 压力管理对血压控制有什么作用?

    -长期的慢性压力会导致血压升高。因此,学习如何管理压力,如通过冥想、深呼吸或正念练习,可以帮助降低血压。

  • 什么时候应该考虑使用降压药物?

    -当生活方式优化、体重管理良好但血压仍高于120时,患者可以考虑药物治疗。常见的药物是血管紧张素受体阻滞剂和钙通道阻滞剂,通常从低剂量开始逐渐增加。

Outlines

00:00

💉 高血压新标准:健康与危险的界限

最新研究表明,曾被认为是健康的血压现在被认为是致命的。医生过去错误地认为收缩压达到140是安全的,然而研究显示,这一数值带来了很大的健康风险。通过将目标收缩压降至120以下,可以显著减少心脏病发作、中风和死亡的风险。视频将介绍如何通过分步指南帮助实现这一理想血压水平。

05:01

🥦 钾与钠的对决:饮食对血压的影响

钾在对抗高血压方面表现得像超级英雄,它可以帮助放松血管,抵消钠的负面影响。富含钾的食物,如豌豆、菠菜、鳄梨和豆类,能够有效降低血压。而大多数人摄入过多的钠,导致血压升高。通过控制饮食中的钠摄入,选择低钠选项,并使用钾盐替代品,可以进一步降低中风和死亡的风险。

10:02

🏋️‍♂️ 运动与睡眠:维持健康血压的关键

运动是降低血压的重要方式,每天进行30分钟的中等强度运动,如散步、跑步或游泳,都有助于心脏健康。力量训练也能帮助加快新陈代谢,直接影响血压。此外,充足的睡眠对血压管理同样关键。视频中建议保持规律的作息时间,减少咖啡因摄入,并通过简单的放松技巧来控制压力。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡血压

血压指的是血液在血管中流动时对血管壁施加的压力。在视频中,讨论了血压对心脏健康的重要性,强调了高血压如何对血管产生损害并增加心脏病和中风的风险。

💡收缩压

收缩压是血压读数中的上限,代表心脏在泵血时对动脉施加的压力。视频中提到,以前认为收缩压在140以内是安全的,但现在研究表明,低于120的收缩压才能显著降低心脏病和中风风险。

💡SPRINT研究

SPRINT研究是一个关于降低收缩压对健康影响的大规模试验。视频中提到,该研究发现将收缩压降到120以下可以显著降低心脏病、中风以及死亡风险,导致试验提前结束,证明了更低的血压目标更为有效。

💡中国研究

在视频中提到的中国研究是对SPRINT研究结果的进一步验证,该研究规模更大,包含了糖尿病患者及曾经中风的群体。结果同样表明,降低收缩压至120以下可以显著减少心脏病、中风和死亡率。

💡

钾是一种帮助调节血压的重要矿物质。视频中将其比作“超级英雄”,能够对抗钠对血压的负面影响,帮助血管放松。摄入富含钾的食物,如菠菜和鳄梨,可以帮助降低血压。

💡

钠是导致血压升高的主要因素之一,视频中将其称为“反派”。过多的钠会导致高血压,进而增加心脏病和中风风险。视频建议减少钠的摄入量,控制在每天1500毫克以内,尤其是通过减少加工食品的摄入。

💡蛋白质

蛋白质不仅仅是健美人士的营养品,也是维持血压健康的重要元素。视频中提到,摄入瘦肉蛋白如鸡肉、鱼肉和豆类,有助于维持饱腹感,从而减少不健康零食的摄入,帮助控制血压。

💡运动

运动被视为降低血压的有效方式,视频中建议每周五天、每天至少30分钟的运动,如步行、慢跑或游泳。此外,力量训练和短时高效的“运动零食”也被提及,作为有效的血压管理方式。

💡睡眠

睡眠质量对血压管理至关重要。视频指出,成年人每天需要7到9小时的优质睡眠,缺乏高质量睡眠会导致血压升高。通过制定规律的作息时间和减少咖啡因摄入,可以提高睡眠质量,从而帮助控制血压。

💡减压

减压是管理血压的重要手段。视频中提到,长期压力会导致血压升高,因此像冥想、深呼吸等减压技巧被推荐,可以帮助放松身心,降低血压。即使是每天短暂的深呼吸时间,也能对血压产生积极影响。

Highlights

长期认为140的收缩压是正常的,但最新研究表明,这种血压水平实际上存在风险。

Sprint研究显示,将收缩压降至120以下,可以将心脏病、中风和死亡风险降低27%。

研究早期终止,因为结果非常明确,低于120的血压大幅降低了死亡风险。

另一项在中国进行的研究也证实了Sprint研究的发现,涵盖了更多样的人群,包括糖尿病和中风患者。

该研究显示,低血压目标将总体死亡率降低了21%。

降低血压的方法包括调整饮食,增加钾摄入和减少钠摄入,钾能有效平衡钠水平。

研究表明,钠摄入增加会直接导致血压上升,因此减少加工食品和餐外饮食非常重要。

盐替代品,如含有氯化钾的替代品,也可以帮助降低血压,相关研究显示中风和死亡风险明显降低。

增加蛋白质摄入有助于控制血压,特别是植物蛋白,如豆类、扁豆和鹰嘴豆。

纤维丰富的饮食不仅有助于消化,还可以有效控制血压。

适度的运动对降低血压非常有效,建议每周进行五天,每天30分钟的有氧运动。

睡眠质量对血压的控制至关重要,建议成年人每天保持7到9小时的高质量睡眠。

保持一致的作息时间,早晨接触自然光,限制咖啡因摄入都可以帮助改善睡眠质量,从而降低血压。

慢性压力会导致血压升高,管理压力的技巧如正念、深呼吸和冥想可以有效降低血压。

如果生活方式调整后血压仍然偏高,医生会考虑低剂量的血压药物,通常先采用血管紧张素受体阻滞剂,然后再结合钙通道阻滞剂。

Transcripts

play00:00

what used to be considered a healthy

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blood pressure is now a death sentence

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two groundbreaking Studies have

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completely changed how we should

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approach blood pressure in this video

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I'll show you the new blood pressure

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targets how much we can reduce the risk

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of heart attacks strokes and death if we

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get this right and go through an easy

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step-by-step guide to help us achieve

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the perfect blood pressure these studies

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show that we as doctors got it wrong for

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decades we knew that high blood pressure

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was dangerous but we didn't realize just

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how dangerous even at levels that seemed

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okay let's imagine your blood vessels

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are like a garden hose when the pressure

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inside that hose is just right water

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flows smoothly everything is fine but if

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you turn up the pressure too much the

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hose begins to strain over time it wears

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out and if you keep cranking up that

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pressure it might even burst in the same

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way high blood pressure puts strain on

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our blood vessels this constant pressure

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damages the inner lining of our

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archeries making them less flexible and

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more likely to get blocked which can

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lead to heart attacks and strokes so

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what's the real safe number and why is

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the old normal so dangerous for a long

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time doctors believed that having a

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systolic blood pressure that's the top

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number on your reading up to 140 was

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perfectly fine you may have even heard

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your doctor say that as long as your

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blood pressure is under 140 on 90 you're

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in the clear we used to think 120 on 80

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is the textbook ideal but 140 that's

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still okay isn't it well we now know

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that having a systolic blood pressure

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near 140 is actually risky it's not just

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okay it's putting our lives in danger

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the reason doctors thought that 140 is

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fine is that blood pressure it tends to

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go up as we get older so we figured that

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a little higher was normal but new

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research shows that even that little

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extra pressure can have big problems the

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first wakeup call came from the Sprint

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study which stands for systolic blood

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pressure intervention trial the study

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was massive over 9,000 participants so

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the findings are hard to ignore the goal

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was to figure out if lowering system IC

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blood pressure to below 120 would

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protect against heart attacks strokes

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and other problems better than just

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sticking with the old Target of 140 the

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people in the study were at high risk of

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heart disease but they didn't have

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diabetes or a history of a stroke they

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were split into two groups one that

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aimed for a blood pressure of 140 and

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another group that aimed for a blood

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pressure of 120 now here's where it gets

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really interesting the results were so

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clear that they had to stop the study

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early the study was supposed to last 4

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to 6 years but after just 3.3 years it

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was obvious that lowering blood pressure

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to below 120 it made a huge difference

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there was a 27% lower risk of having a

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heart attack stroke or dying from these

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causes each year and when it comes to

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death rates alone there was a 25% lower

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risk of dying in the group that aimed

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for 120 so let that sink in for a moment

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a 25% reduction in the risk of death

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just by lowering blood pressure more

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aggressively this isn't a small

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Improvement it's a game Cher but the

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story doesn't stop there recently

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another study in China tested these

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findings on an even larger and more

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diverse group over 11,000 people and it

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included those with diabetes and those

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who had already had a stroke think of

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the study as the sequel to the Sprint

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study but an even bigger cast and guess

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what the results were just as powerful

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lowering systolic blood pressure to less

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than 120 reduce the risk of heart

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attacks strokes and death from

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cardiovascular causes by 12% plus it cut

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the overall risk of death from any cause

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by 21% over 3 and 1/2 years so what's

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the catch and how do we get our blood

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pressure down to these safer levels well

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like anything in medicine there's always

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trade-offs lowering blood pressure this

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much it can come with side effects like

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dizziness or fainting but the benefits

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they far outweigh these risks and don't

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worry I'll share some tips on how to

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avoid these side effects and who should

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be more cautious about aiming for 120

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later in the video but the takeway here

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is clear the old normal of 140 is no

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longer good enough most of us should aim

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for a systolic blood pressure of less

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than 120 to really help protect

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ourselves so how do we reach these new

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safer blood pressure targets well here's

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a step-by-step system first we need to

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know where we're starting from I suggest

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to all of my patients to buy an aome

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blood pressure monitor and I'll link one

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in the pin comment while we're

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optimizing the blood pressure I ask my

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patients to take a reading in the

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morning and then another one later in

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the day we need to be seated place the

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cuff on our skin rather than over

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clothing and relax then record the

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result I personally use the Apple Health

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app now that we've got our starting

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point it's time to talk about how to

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lower that number diet is the foundation

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of good blood pressure and to start we

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need to talk about potassium potassium

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is like a superhero when it comes to

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fighting high blood pressure it balances

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out the sodium in our bodies and helps

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our blood vessels relax think of

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potassium as the counterbalance to

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sodium so while sodium raises the blood

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pressure potassium brings it down some

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great high potassium foods include peas

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spinach avocados and beans eating these

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regularly can help lower our blood

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pressure so while potassium is the hero

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sodium is the villain most of us eat way

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too much sodium and that's a big reason

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why many people have high blood pressure

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the American Heart Association says that

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we should have no more than 1,500 Mig of

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sodium per day that's less than a

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teaspoon of salt a study combining 85

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different trials show that as sodium

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intake goes up so too does blood

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pressure and it's not just the salt

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shaker on our tables most of the sodium

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that we eat come from processed foods

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and eating out so start reading those

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labels choose low sodium options and

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cook at home where possible so that we

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can control the salt intake but if a

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patient of mine is struggling to get rid

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of the salt from their diet there's a

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trick that can help salt substitutes

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regular salt is is sodium chloride but a

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salt substitute has some potassium

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chloride instead in a study with over

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20,000 people those who used ass salt

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substitute had a 14% lower risk of

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stroke and a 12% lower risk of death now

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let's talk about another key player

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protein protein isn't just for

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bodybuilders it's important for everyone

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especially when managing blood pressure

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protein helps us keep Fuller for longer

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which means we're less likely to snack

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on unhealthy Foods lean proteins like

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chicken fish and plant-based options

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like beans lentils and chickpeas are

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wonderful choices and let's not forget

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about fiber a high fiber diet not only

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helps with digestion but it plays a

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significant role in blood pressure

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management foods like whole grains whole

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fruits and vegetables and chickpeas

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again are packed with fiber and are a

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staple in my diet and of course we need

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to cut out the sugary drinks and replace

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them with water alcohol can also raise

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blood pressure so I work with my

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patients to reduce or quit drinking but

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diet is just one part of the picture

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let's move on to exercise exercise is

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one of the best ways to lower our blood

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pressure and we don't need to be a

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marathon runner to see the results

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walking jogging swimming or cycling are

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wonderful for our heart aim for 30

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minutes a day 5 days a week so

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personally I love to go for a run or if

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the weather isn't great I'll use my

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exercycle bike at home which I bought

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secondhand for $60 and don't forget

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about strength training muscle building

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helps to burn more calories and keeps

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our metabolism is M strong which is

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directly linked to blood pressure but

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what if you're super busy well here's a

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quick tip on busy days I do something

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called exercise snacks these are short

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BS of exercise split throughout the day

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like push-ups sit-ups or other body

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weight exercises so at the clinic during

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a quick 15-minute paperwork break I'll

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fit in some exercise and these snacks

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they can add up to make a massive

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difference in our health but it's not

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just about what we eat and how we move

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sleep is another critical component of

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blood pressure management poor sleep

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whether it's not enough or lowquality

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sleep can increase our blood pressure so

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most adults need 7 to 9 hours of high

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quality sleep per night but here's a tip

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optimizing your sleep it doesn't just

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start when we're ready to fall asleep it

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starts when we wake up wake up at the

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same time every day even on weekends the

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body loves a routine get outside and

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expose your eyes to sunlight early

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sunlight in the day helps to regulate

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our sleep wake cycle caffeine should be

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limited to the first 3 to 4 hours after

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waking up even if you feel like caffeine

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doesn't affect your sleep it can still

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lower your sleep quality and my full

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sleep protocol is in a video here next

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is Stress Management chronic stress can

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contribute to high blood pressure and

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finding ways to manage stress is

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essential so mindfulness deep breathing

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meditation all of these techniques can

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help to lower our stress levels and in

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turn lower our blood pressure even

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simple practices like taking a few

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minutes out each day to sit quietly and

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Bre breathe deeply can make a huge

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difference now hopefully if our diet

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exercise and sleep are optimized our

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weight will be perfect weight loss has a

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powerful effect on reducing blood

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pressure but if our weight is still

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above Target despite optimizing our

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lifestyle factors we can consider

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medications such as AIC to help on our

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weight loss Journey taking medications

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are not a failure they're just another

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tool to help us reach our health goals

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and finally if our lifestyle factors are

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dialed in our weight is perfect but

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still have a blood pressure above 120

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then I have a discussion with my

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patients about the pros and cons of

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blood pressure medications I emphasize

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that medication should be an addition to

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not a replacement for all of the other

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steps that we've gone through some

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people have their lifestyle in check but

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still need medications because of their

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genetics so at the clinic we usually

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start with a type of medication called

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an AR or an Angiotensin receptor blocker

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regarding the dose we start low and go

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slow increasing the dose gradually until

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we get to a half strength dose if that's

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not enough then instead of continuing to

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crank up the dose of that existing

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medication we'll introduce a second

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class of medication called a calcium

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channel blocker so by using these

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combination therapies at low doses we

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achieve a greater blood pressure

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response with reduced risks of side

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effects compared to just jacking up the

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dose of that one medication now that's a

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massive oversimplification of the

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approach used in clinical practice and

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if you want me to do a dedicated video

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to blood pressure medic medications

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please let me know in the comment

play10:31

section so for example to add to the

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complexity not everyone should aim for a

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blood pressure of 120 on 80 for older

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adults if we use that as a Target we can

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significantly increase the risks of

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dizziness and fainting so we need to

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tailor the management and individualize

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the targets we may accept 130 or 140

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depending on the circumstance and that

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complexity is what I find really

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interesting and is part of the reason

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why I love practicing at the clinic

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overall though for most of us aiming for

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around 120 is a smart goal and we do

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that by measuring our blood pressure at

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home optimizing our diet exercise sleep

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and stress managing our weight and

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considering medication if needed and

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speaking of sleep make sure to check out

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the next video here that goes through my

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full sleep protocol and a massive thank

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you to all of the patreons supporting

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the channel

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