PHILIPPINE LITERATURE UNDER THE AMERICAN COLONIZATION

Jessamen Tino

15 Jul 202103:36

Summary

TLDRJessamine Aitino's script delves into the American colonial period's impact on Philippine literature. It highlights the introduction of free public education and the use of English, which broadened Filipinos' access to knowledge and influenced their thought processes. The script outlines three phases of literary development: reorientation (1900-1910), imitation (1910-1925), and self-discovery and growth (1925-1941), showcasing the evolution from adjusting to democracy to mastering English writing and producing original, socially conscious works.

Takeaways

📜 The American colonial period in the Philippines had a significant impact on the development of Philippine literature.
🏛 The Filipino revolutionists won independence from Spain in 1898, but the peace movement and nationalism persisted into the American regime.
📚 The introduction of free public education for all school-age children was a key contribution of the American period to Philippine literature.
🌐 The use of English as a medium of instruction exposed Filipinos to Anglo-American thought and culture, influencing the country's literature and educated class.
📈 The timeline of Philippine literature under American rule is divided into three periods: Reorientation (1900-1910), Imitation (1910-1925), and Self-discovery and Growth (1925-1941).
🔍 During the period of Reorientation, writers were adjusting to new ideas and the English language, resulting in limited literary production.
📖 The Period of Imitation saw the establishment of more schools and the widespread use of English, leading to an increase in public education.
🎨 In the Period of Self-discovery and Growth, Filipino writers demonstrated mastery of English and wrote on diverse subjects, including socially conscious themes.
💬 The development of Philippine literature was closely tied to educational and cultural changes introduced during the American colonial period.
🌟 The American regime's influence on Philippine literature was not just in the content produced but also in shaping the mindset of the educated class.
📝 The script emphasizes the importance of language and education in shaping national identity and literary expression in the Philippines.

Q & A

Who was Jessamine Aitino and what was the purpose of her discussion?
-Jessamine Aitino is presumably the speaker in the transcript, and her purpose was to discuss the American colonial period's impact on Philippine literature and the development of Philippine literature under American rule.
What significant event marked the end of Spanish colonization in the Philippines?
-The end of Spanish colonization in the Philippines was marked by the Filipino revolutionists' victory and the hoisting of the Philippine flag on June 12, 1898, symbolizing independence.
Who was elected as the first president of the Philippine Republic?
-General Emilio Aguinaldo was elected as the first president of the Philippine Republic.
What were the two significant developments in education and culture that spurred Philippine literary production during the American period?
-The two significant developments were the introduction of free public instruction for all children of school age and the use of English as the medium of instruction, which introduced Filipinos to Anglo-American modes of thought, culture, and life ways.
What is the timeline of the development of Philippine literature under the American regime?
-The timeline consists of the period of reorientation (1900-1910), the period of imitation (1910-1925), and the period of self-discovery and growth (1925-1941).
What were the characteristics of the period of reorientation in Philippine literature?
-The period of reorientation was characterized by writers adjusting to the idea of democracy, the new phrasology of the English language, and the standards of the English literary style, resulting in not much literary work being produced.
What was the impact of public education and the use of English during the period of imitation?
-During the period of imitation, public education became accessible to many Filipino children, more schools were established, and English was used as a medium of instruction, which influenced the literary works produced during this time.
How did the period of self-discovery and growth differ from the previous periods in terms of literary production?
-In the period of self-discovery and growth, Filipino writers had mastered English writing and competently wrote on a variety of subjects, producing original, spontaneous, and socially conscious poetry.
What was the significance of the introduction of free public education in shaping the middle class in the Philippines?
-The introduction of free public education made knowledge and information accessible to a greater number of Filipinos, allowing those who availed of this education to improve their social status and join the country's middle class.
How did the use of English as a medium of instruction influence the psyche of the educated class in the Philippines?
-The use of English as a medium of instruction introduced Filipinos to Anglo-American modes of thought, culture, and life ways, which became embedded not only in the literature produced but also in the psyche of the country's educated class.
What can be inferred about the persistence of certain themes in Philippine literature during the American period?
-Even during the period of self-discovery and growth, themes of love and youth persisted, indicating a continuity of certain literary interests despite the changes in the writing style and subject matter.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to American Colonial Period in Philippine Literature

Jessamine Aitino introduces the topic of the American colonial period's impact on Philippine literature. She outlines the two main points of discussion: the contributions of the American period to Philippine literature and the development of literature under American rule. The script mentions the Filipino revolutionists' victory over Spanish colonization and the brief period of independence before the American regime began. It emphasizes the importance of education and the use of English in shaping the country's literary and cultural identity during this period.

🏫 Education and Cultural Shifts in the American Era

This section delves into the two significant developments that spurred Philippine literary production during the American period: the introduction of free public instruction for all school-age children and the use of English as the medium of instruction. These changes made knowledge accessible to a wider audience, improved social status for the educated, and introduced Anglo-American thought and culture to the Filipino psyche, laying the foundation for a new middle class of educated Filipinos.

📈 Timeline of Literary Development Under American Rule

The script presents a timeline of the development of Philippine literature under the American regime, divided into three periods: the period of reorientation (1900-1910), the period of imitation (1910-1925), and the period of self-discovery and growth (1925-1941). Each period is characterized by the writers' adjustment to new ideas, the spread of public education, and the mastery of English writing, leading to a surge in original, socially conscious literature.

📝 Characteristics of Each Literary Period

The final part of the script explores the characteristics of each literary period under American rule. In the period of reorientation, writers were still adapting to democratic ideals and the English language. The period of imitation saw the establishment of more schools and the widespread use of English in education. The period of self-discovery and growth showcased Filipino writers' proficiency in English, leading to a diverse range of original and socially aware literary works, with love and youth remaining popular themes.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡American Colonial Period

The American Colonial Period refers to the era when the United States governed the Philippines from 1898 to 1946, following the Spanish-American War. In the video, this period is highlighted for its significant impact on Philippine literature, including the introduction of free public education and the use of English as a medium of instruction, which contributed to the development of a new literary tradition.

💡Filipino Revolutionists

Filipino Revolutionists were individuals who fought against Spanish colonial rule, leading to the declaration of Philippine independence. The script mentions the hoisting of the Philippine flag on June 12, 1898, as a symbol of this independence, and General Emilio Aguinaldo being elected the first president of the Philippine Republic.

💡Peace Movement

The Peace Movement in the early 1900s was a period when many Filipinos started writing again after the Filipino-American War. This movement is significant in the video as it marks the resurgence of nationalism and the beginning of a new era in Philippine literature, with writers expressing their thoughts and sentiments through their works.

💡Public Instruction

Public Instruction refers to the system of free education made available to all children of school age during the American period. The script emphasizes how this policy democratized education, allowing a greater number of Filipinos to improve their social status and become part of the country's middle class, which in turn influenced the themes and perspectives in Philippine literature.

💡English as Medium of Instruction

The use of English as the medium of instruction was a key development during the American regime. This policy exposed Filipinos to Anglo-American thought, culture, and life ways, as mentioned in the script. It also shaped the literary production of the time, embedding these influences in the works of Filipino writers.

💡Reorientation

Reorientation is the first period of Philippine literature under American rule, between 1900 to 1910. The script describes this period as a time when writers were adjusting to the new concepts of democracy, the English language, and the standards of English literary style, which influenced the development of their literary works.

💡Imitation

Imitation is the second period of development in Philippine literature, occurring between 1910 and 1925. As stated in the script, during this time, Filipino writers began to emulate the styles and themes of English literature, reflecting the influence of American education and the use of English as a medium of instruction.

💡Self-Discovery and Growth

Self-Discovery and Growth is the third period of Philippine literature, spanning from 1925 to 1941. The script highlights this period as a time when Filipino writers had mastered English writing and began to produce original, spontaneous, and socially conscious works, reflecting a deeper understanding and expression of Filipino culture and society.

💡Mastery of English Writing

Mastery of English Writing refers to the proficiency that Filipino writers achieved in using English as a literary tool during the Self-Discovery and Growth period. The script points out that this mastery allowed writers to competently write on various subjects, marking a significant advancement in the sophistication and depth of Philippine literature.

💡Socially Conscious

Socially Conscious in the context of the script refers to the awareness and reflection of social issues in the literary works produced during the Self-Discovery and Growth period. It indicates a shift from mere imitation to a more profound engagement with the realities of Filipino society, as seen in the original and spontaneous poetry of the time.

Highlights

Jessamine Aitino introduces the topic of American colonial period's impact on Philippine literature.

The Filipino revolutionists' victory over the Spanish colonizers and the hoisting of the Philippine flag on June 12, 1898.

General Emilio Aguinaldo's election as the first president of the Philippine Republic.

The resurgence of nationalism and writing among Filipinos in the early 1900s.

Two significant developments in education and culture during the American period in the Philippines.

Introduction of free public instruction for all school-age children.

The impact of free education on social status and the growth of the middle class.

The use of English as a medium of instruction and its influence on Filipino thought and culture.

Timeline of the development of Philippine literature under American regime: Period of Reorientation (1900-1910).

Timeline of the development of Philippine literature: Period of Imitation (1910-1925).

Timeline of the development of Philippine literature: Period of Self-Discovery and Growth (1925-1941).

Characteristics of the Period of Reorientation: adjustment to democracy and English literary style.

The Period of Imitation marked by the rule of Americans, public education, and establishment of more schools.

In the Period of Self-Discovery and Growth, Filipino writers mastered English and wrote on diverse subjects.

Originality and social consciousness in poetry during the Period of Self-Discovery and Growth.

The persistence of themes of love and youth in Philippine literature.