SHS 21st Literature Q1 Ep 1 Geographic , Linguistic, and Ethnic Dimensions of the Philippine

Summary

This video script takes viewers on a literary adventure through the rich tapestry of Philippine literature, from its pre-colonial roots to the contemporary 21st century. Highlighting key periods such as the Spanish era, American influence, Japanese occupation, and the post-EDSA revolution, the script explores the resilience and creativity of Filipino writers. It delves into various forms like folktales, epics, and the evolution of language use, showcasing the nation's cultural identity and the power of literature to reflect and shape society.

Takeaways

• 📚 The video script is an educational journey through the history of Philippine literature, highlighting its evolution from pre-colonial times to the 21st century.
• 🌏 The script emphasizes the geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history, showcasing the diversity and richness of the country's cultural heritage.
• 🔥 Pre-colonial literature is characterized by folktales, epics, and songs, which were integral to the early forms of Filipino culture and tradition.
• 📖 The Spanish colonization period introduced religious and secular prose and poetry, significantly influencing the development of Philippine literature.
• 💡 The period of enlightenment (1872-1898) saw Filipino intellectuals using literature as a tool for social and political critique, igniting the spirit of nationalism.
• 📚 American influence during the American regime (1898-1944) led to the use of English in Philippine literature, alongside Spanish and regional dialects.
• 📉 The Japanese occupation (1941-1945) interrupted the development of literature, with strict prohibitions on writing and publishing in English.
• 🎭 The post-World War II period saw a revival of literature in Tagalog, with themes centered around resistance against Japanese rule and expressions of nationalism.
• 🏆 The Carlos Palanca Awards for Literature is highlighted as the Philippines' highest literary honor, recognizing excellence in various literary forms.
• 🌟 The script encourages 21st-century learners to appreciate the resilience and creativity of Filipino literature, which has continued to flourish despite various historical challenges.
• 📈 The 21st century has brought new trends and innovations in literature, with a focus on ICT literacy and the incorporation of new codes and languages in writing.

Q & A

What is the main theme of the video script?

The main theme of the video script is the exploration of the rich history and evolution of Philippine literature from pre-colonial times to the 21st century, highlighting its geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions.

Who is the host of the video and what roles do they assume?

The host of the video is 'Mandalore', who assumes the roles of both a teacher and a tour guide, leading the audience through the different periods and aspects of Philippine literature.

What is the significance of the 'alibata' in Philippine literary history?

The 'alibata' is significant as it was the first Filipino alphabet used before the Spanish colonization. It was later replaced by the Roman alphabet, and the Spanish friars burned the 'alibata' in the belief that they were works of the devil.

What are the different types of literature mentioned in the pre-colonial period of the Philippines?

The different types of literature in the pre-colonial period include folk tales, epics, and songs. These forms of literature were deeply rooted in the lives, imaginations, and cultural practices of the people.

What is the 'propaganda movement' and its relation to Philippine literature?

The 'propaganda movement' refers to the period during the late Spanish colonial era when Filipino intellectuals, known as 'illustrados', used literature to express their dissatisfaction with colonial rule and to ignite the patriotic spirit of the Filipinos to fight for freedom.

How did the American influence affect Philippine literature during the American regime?

The American influence during the American regime enhanced the use of the English language in Philippine literature. It also affected the educational system and the themes of the literature, which started to reflect the conditions of the country and the attempts to arouse love for one's native tongue.

What are the common themes in Philippine literature during the Japanese period?

The common themes in Philippine literature during the Japanese period were faith, religion, arts, nationalism, love of life and country, and life in the barrios. The development of literature in English was interrupted, and forms like haiku, tanaga, and the 575 pattern of a poem flourished.

What is the significance of the 'Palanca Awards' in Philippine literature?

The 'Palanca Awards', officially known as the Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature, is a set of literary awards for Filipino writers. It is considered the country's highest literary honor in terms of prestige, recognizing excellence in various literary forms.

How did the 'Martial Law' period affect the themes and expressions in Philippine literature?

During the 'Martial Law' period, themes in Philippine literature were influenced by the political climate, often dealing with themes of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, country, and fellow men. Literature became a medium for expressing resistance and the desire for change.

What are the characteristics of literature in the 21st century as mentioned in the script?

The characteristics of literature in the 21st century include the use of new codes and languages, the requirement for learners to be ICT savvy, and the emergence of new styles and formats of writing that cater to the needs and tastes of the new generation.

What is the cultural significance of the 'Hinila' epic in Philippine literature?

The 'Hinila' epic is significant as it recounts the story of the exploits of three demi-god brothers and is considered one of the longest epics in the world. It reflects the early forms of culture and has been featured by various cultural groups and organizations, showcasing the rich storytelling tradition of the Filipinos.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to 21st Century Literature Adventure

The script introduces a journey through the world of literature with a special focus on the Philippines and the 21st century. The narrator, identified as 'Mandalore,' sets the stage for an educational adventure, positioning themselves as both a teacher and a tour guide. The script mentions the rich history of Filipino literature, including the pre-colonial period and the influence of Spanish colonization on the local alphabet and literature. It also touches on the importance of geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions in understanding Philippine literary history. The audience is invited to engage with a literary timeline task to test their knowledge of different literary periods.

05:02

🏞️ Pre-Colonial Philippine Literature

This section delves into the pre-colonial literature of the Philippines, highlighting the existence of a rich oral tradition that included folktales, epics, and songs. Folktales served as a source of entertainment and moral instruction, while epics detailed heroic achievements and were significant across various regions. The script mentions specific examples of these epics, such as Biagnilan and Maragdas, and discusses the cultural significance of these narratives. It also touches on the impact of Spanish colonization, which introduced new forms of literature and replaced the local alphabet with the Roman alphabet.

10:04

📖 Literary Periods of the Philippines

The script outlines the various literary periods in Philippine history, starting from the pre-colonial era and moving through the Spanish, American, and Japanese periods, up to the 21st century. It discusses the influence of foreign powers on Filipino literature, including the shift from writing in native languages to Spanish and English. The section also covers the period of activism and the new society, highlighting the role of literature in expressing social and political sentiments. The Carlos Palanca Awards for Literature are mentioned as a prestigious recognition for Filipino writers.

15:06

🌟 Resilience and Evolution of Philippine Literature

This part of the script emphasizes the resilience and evolution of Philippine literature through various historical periods. It discusses the impact of the Japanese occupation on literature, the challenges faced during the martial law era, and the resurgence of literature in the post-EDSA revolution period. The script also highlights the importance of literature in expressing the Filipino identity and the nation's creative spirit. It concludes by inviting the audience to stay tuned for more explorations of literature from the Philippines and the world in the 21st century.

Keywords

💡Literature

Literature refers to written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. In the context of the video, literature is the core subject being explored, with a focus on the history and evolution of Philippine literature from pre-colonial times to the 21st century. The script discusses various forms of literature, including folk tales, epics, and poetry, as integral to the cultural identity and expression of Filipinos.

💡Pre-colonial

Pre-colonial denotes the period before a region was colonized by foreign powers. The video script uses this term to describe the early stage of Philippine literature, which was rich in oral traditions, folk tales, and epics, existing before the arrival of Spanish colonizers. Examples from the script include 'foxtails' (folk tales), 'epic age,' and songs that were part of the cultural fabric of the Filipino people.

💡Folk Tales

Folk tales are stories originating from the oral tradition of a community, often involving moral lessons and cultural values. The script highlights folk tales as a significant element of pre-colonial Philippine literature, serving as a medium for entertainment and education. The tale about the sun and the moon is mentioned as an example of a folk tale that reflects family and responsibility themes.

💡Epic

An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, often celebrating heroic deeds and significant cultural events. The video script discusses the 'epic age' as a period of abundant literary production in the Philippines, with numerous regional epics such as 'Biagnilan,' 'Maragdas,' 'Parang Sabet,' and 'Ibalun,' showcasing the heroism and cultural values of the Filipino people.

💡Alphabet

An alphabet is a set of letters used to write a language. The script refers to the 'alibata,' the first Filipino alphabet, which was replaced by the Roman alphabet following Spanish colonization. This change marked a significant shift in the way literature was recorded and disseminated in the Philippines.

💡Period of Enlightenment

The term 'Period of Enlightenment' in the script refers to the era from 1872 to 1898 when Filipino intellectuals began to challenge colonial rule and advocate for reforms through their writings. This period is exemplified by the works of national hero Dr. Jose Rizal and other ilustrados, who used literature as a tool for social and political change.

💡American Influence

American Influence in the script denotes the impact of American rule on Philippine literature from 1898 to 1941. This period saw the introduction of English as a medium for literary expression, with writers like Jose Garcia Villa gaining prominence for his free verse poetry. The script illustrates the shift in language and themes in literature during this era.

💡Japanese Occupation

Japanese Occupation refers to the period from 1941 to 1945 when the Philippines was under Japanese control. The script describes how this period interrupted the development of Philippine literature, with strict prohibitions on writing and publishing in English. However, it also led to the flourishing of forms like haiku, tanaga, and the 575 pattern poem, reflecting themes of faith, nationalism, and life during occupation.

💡Activism

Activism in the context of the video refers to the period of social and political upheaval from 1970 to 1972, characterized by youth involvement in seeking reforms and change. The script mentions how literature during this time was influenced by activism, with themes of societal ills and the desire for change reflected in the works of Filipino writers.

💡Palanca Awards

The Palanca Awards, as mentioned in the script, are the Philippines' highest literary honors, recognizing excellence in Filipino writing. The awards, organized by the Carlos Palanca Foundation, are a significant part of the literary landscape, with winning works often reflecting the themes and sentiments of their respective eras.

💡ICT

ICT stands for Information and Communications Technology. The script emphasizes the importance of being ICT savvy in the 21st century, as it influences the way literature is created, shared, and consumed. New codes and languages are mentioned as elements that add flavor to contemporary literary pieces, reflecting the technological advancements and their impact on literature.

Highlights

Introduction to the journey through 21st century literature with Teacher Lore as both educator and tour guide.

Discussion on the rich pre-colonial literature of the Philippines, including the burning of indigenous alphabets by Spanish friars.

Geographic, linguistic, and ethnic dimensions of Philippine literary history from pre-colonial times to the contemporary period.

The unique geographic location contributing to the richness of Philippine culture and literature.

Literary timeline activity engaging learners to identify different periods in Philippine literature.

Exploration of the pre-colonial period with a focus on folk tales, epics, and songs as early forms of literature.

The impact of Spanish colonization on literature, including the introduction of religious and secular prose and poetry.

The period of enlightenment (1872-1898) and the role of Filipino intellectuals in fighting for freedom through literature.

American influence on Philippine literature, including the use of English and the continuation of writing in regional languages.

Japanese occupation's interruption of Philippine literature development and the themes that emerged during this period.

The dark period for Philippine literature in English during the Japanese period and the revival of literature in Tagalog.

The period of activism (1970-1972) and its influence on literature, reflecting societal issues and the youth's quest for reforms.

The period of the new society (1972-1980) marked by vocal youth sentiments and demands for government change.

The significance of the Carlos Palanca Awards in recognizing excellence in Philippine literature.

Post-EDSA Revolution period (1986-1995) and the changes in literature reflecting the regained independence of the Filipino people.

The 21st century's new trends and innovations in literature, including the use of ICT and new codes and languages.

The resilience and creativity of Filipino literature throughout history, reflecting the nation's identity.

Transcripts

[Music]

hello

21st century learners climb aboard and

explore with teacher

lore together let's discover different

worlds

and dimensions as we enter this literary

adventure

i am mandalore join me as we explore

the world of literature today

i will not just be your teacher i will

also be

your tour guide together we will travel

from lesson to lesson

discover treasures and experience an

extraordinary adventure

as we journey through 21st century

literature

from the philippines and the world

[Music]

did you know that our forefathers

already have their literature

which reflected in their customs and

traditions

they had their alphabet even before they

were

colonized the spanish friars burned the

alphabets

in the belief that they were works of

the devil

or written on materials that quickly

perished

like the barks of trees dried leaves and

bamboo cylinders

which could not have remained firm even

if efforts were made to preserve them

our unique geographic location

is the reason why we are rich

in this lesson we'll dig deeper in the

richness of our culture

and literature today we will learn about

geographic linguistic and ethnic

dimensions

of philippine literary history from

pre-colonial

to the contemporary ready to take off

grab your modules here we go

as we tour around the different lessons

a series of tour tasks

will be given to you

quick question what do you know about

the different

literary periods in philippine

literature

here's your first tour task try to

complete

the literary timeline choose your

answers

from the given choices

i'll give you time to think a

japanese period b rebirth the freedom

c posted this american period

e pre-colonial period of 21st century

g spanish h period of enlightenment

i period of activism and new society

j period of literature in english

[Music]

time's up let's see how you did

[Music]

1565 was a pre-colonial period

1566 to 1871 marked

the spanish era 1872 to 1898

was a period of enlightenment the

americans

influenced our literature in 1898 all

the way to 1941

then from 1946 to 1970

we had a significant period for filipino

literature

in english 1970-1980

was a period of activism and the new

society

the new freedom era was from 1981 to

1985.

post edsa was from 1986 to 1999

and 2001 up to the present marks the

21st century

got everything correctly task unlocked

let's hop on to the next adventure this

is not your ordinary literature class

this

is 21st century literature from the

philippines

and the world 21st century learners

be honest when was the last time

you scanned pages of an old book or even

a new one

yeah yeah i get it most of you are ict

inclined

as they say the way to appreciate

literature

is to look back let's do a major

throwback

our first destination the pre-colonial

literature

long before the spaniards and other

foreigners

landed or set foot on philippine shores

our forefathers

already had their own literature stamped

in the history of our race

the pre-colonial literature is

characterized by

foxtails the epic age

and songs buckle up

let's get to know them one by one fox

tales folk tales are stories that grew

out of their lives and imaginations of

the people

or they have always been

the children's favorite type of

literature

definitely my favorite these are made of

stories about life

adventure love horror

and humor where one

can derive lessons from have

you heard the tale about the sun and the

moon

hmm can't get over it

[Music]

this filipino folktale not only gives an

origin story to the stars

but also circles themes of family and

responsibility

important elements to tribal culture and

equally important

in modern life epic

age epics are long narrative poems

in which a series of heroic achievements

or events

usually of a hero are dealt with

at length the epic age produced a wealth

of literature

scholars estimate that we have no fewer

than 24 epics

from different regions in the

archipelago

one famous example of an epic is

biagnilan

which our ilocano brothers and sisters

take

pride in as the ones in the visayas

regions

boast of maragdas another popular moral

epic

is the parang saber and of course the

ibalun from the beakle region and since

time and memorial

we already had our own versions of

demigods

like the ones we see in hollywood movies

nowadays an example of this is hinilla

wood

a paneer epic that recounts the story of

the exploits

of three demi god brothers

various cultural groups and

organizations have featured this epic

on stage it would take about three days

to fully stage the epic which makes it

one of the longest epics in the world

definitely these fox songs are our

authentic filipino flair

these are one of the oldest forms of

philippine literature

that emerged in the pre-colonial period

these songs mirrored the early forms of

culture

many of these have 12 syllables

examples of which are kundi-man

oh

our filipino culture tradition and

literature

was already rich even before the

spaniards came

we grew hearing different folk tales

manifested

artistic feelings through folk songs and

gave tribute to heroic achievements

then the spaniards came and influenced

our literature

religious and secular prose and poetry

are introduced during the spanish

colonization period

the first filipino alphabet called

alibata

was replaced by the roman alphabet the

christian doctrine

became the basis of religious practices

european legends and traditions brought

here

became assimilated in our songs

recreational plays

were also performed by filipinos during

the spanish times

just like the synagogue

and zerzwella second destination

the period of enlightenment 1872-1898

this period filipino intellectuals

wrote about the hitch of colonization

the propaganda movement was spur headed

mostly

by the intellectual middle class

known as illustrados jose rizal marcello

h deltillor

cresciano lopez heine antonio luna

mariano ponce

jose maria paganiban and pedro patrono

used the power of the pen to ignite the

filipino's

patriotic spirit to fight for the cause

of freedom

our national hero dr sarrizal

contributed

to our literary identity through his

works

de los filipinos and filipinas dendro di

annos otherwise known as floredel

marcelo h del pilar had his own share of

literary contributions

such as

be careful and the salan atok suhan

prayers and jokes la solidaridad

propagandes

lopez haina also showed his writing

prowess

through the following works frey button

and everything is hamburg together with

some

other titles third destination the

american regime

1898-1944 the american influence in our

educational system

also enhanced our literary inclination

as a nation americans influenced

filipino writers to write using

the english language jose garcia villa

became

famous for his free verse

the language used in writing during this

period were spanish

and tagalog and the dialects of the

different regions

but the writers in tagalog continued

in their lamentations to the conditions

of the country

and their attempts to arouse love for

one's

native tongue all right so we were able

to express

using the language we are comfortable

with and that's basically how it's

supposed to be

fourth destination japanese period

1941-1945

the development of philippine literature

was interrupted

when the japanese colonized the

philippines from 1941

to 1945 of course

philippine literature and english and

the circulation of most newspapers

came to a halt except for the tribune

and philippine review

the common themes of most poems during

the japanese occupation

were faith religion arts

nationalism love of life and country

and life in the barrios three of the

most common palm forms

during this period were the haiku

tanaga and

of course who does not know of the 575

pattern of a poem

a haiku is composed of three lines

following the respective 575 syllabic

distribution

the other types of poems that flourished

during this era were the tanaga

so what happened with our philippine

literature

when the japanese came fifth destination

the philippine literature in english

1941-1904

japanese imposed strict prohibitions in

writing and publishing of works in

english philippine literature in english

experienced a dark period

in the new filipino literary period

literature in tagalog was revived

with themes that dealt with japanese

brutality

the poverty of life under the japanese

government

and brave gorilla exploits

from 1970 to 1972

literature was under the influence of

the period of activism

period of activism 1970-1972

the famous ponciano pinata said that the

youth activism

during this era was due to domestic and

worldwide causes

because of the ills of the society the

youth moved

to seek reforms of course

our literature was also influenced by

this scenario

and that paved way for the period of new

society

period of new society 1972-1980

the youth became vocal with their

sentiments as they demanded change

in the government bloody demonstrations

and expressions

both in the sidewalks and literature

happened have you ever heard of some

literary experts

who have earned for themselves some

palanca distinctions

yes they are a pool of writers whose

excellence

is commendable zapalanka awards or don

carlo's palanca memorial awards for

literature

is a set of literary awards for filipino

writers

it is a country's highest literary honor

in terms

of prestige winning works are entered in

the competition

either as previously published pieces or

in manuscript form the polanco awards

organized with the carlos palunka

foundation

is one of the philippines longest

running awards programs

and during the period of the new society

which

started on september 21 1972

the carlos palunka awards for literature

continued

to give annual awards martial law

january 2 1981 after 10 years of

military rule and some changes

in the life of the filipinos which

started

under the new society martial law was at

last lifted

on january 2 1981.

the philippines became a new nation and

this was named

the new republic of the philippines by

former president

ferdinand marcos palms

during this period were romantic

and revolutionary filipino songs

dealt with themes that were true to life

like those of grief

poverty aspirations for freedom

love of god of country and of fellow men

post ezzo 1 revolution 1986-1995

1986-1995 marked another era in our

literary timeline

history took another twist once more

the filipino people regained their

independence

which they lost for 20 years

people power or lacastan bayen

reverberated across the country

and around the world signaling the

post-edso-1 revolution period

new filipino songs newspapers speeches

and tv programs

underwent massive changes the newspapers

that enjoyed an overnight increase in

circulation

were the inquirer the malaya

and the people's journal

oops is it shaking

welcome to 21st century period new

trends keep on emerging

and innovations continue to be

introduced

to meet the needs and taste

of the new generation 21st century

learners are required to be

ict savvy to keep up with newer styles

and formats of writing

new codes and languages are used to add

flavor

to the literary pieces produced nowadays

what a literary adventure a journey from

pre-colonial

up to the 21st century let us go back

to writing a haiku again it is a three

line poem with a 575

syllabic distribution here is an example

life is a blessing a wonderful gift from

him

nothing is missing now

based on what we have discussed in the

different eras of our literary timeline

we have proven that as a country and as

a nation

we are resilient we have not only

survived

but we have continued to be prolific

creative and expressive our appreciation

of these

literary gifts and expertise is part of

our identity as filipinos

it is an identity of makajos

21st century learners i hope the

literature

tour was a fun filled experience for you

today we identified the geographic

linguistic and ethnic dimensions of

philippine literary history

from pre-colonial to the contemporary

period

we also did a sample analysis and

interpretation of a text

as we went through the pages of our

literary history

there is more to come from the 21st

century literature from the philippines

and the world stay tuned for more on the

next episode

we'll journey through the representative

texts from the region

see you next time for our hashtag

explore with teacher galore

only here on depp ed tv

[Music]

you