NGAJI ONLINE KITAB SAFINAH BAB 47 SYARAT MENGQOSHOR SHOLAT - USTADZ BUDI

Summary

This script provides an in-depth explanation of Qashar, the practice of shortening prayers while traveling in Islam. It covers the conditions that must be met for Qashar to be valid, such as the distance traveled, the purpose of the travel, and the traveler’s intention. It also discusses the differences between Qashar and other practices like Jama’ (combining prayers) and outlines the circumstances under which Qashar is not permitted. The script emphasizes the importance of understanding the rules and conditions of these practices to ensure proper performance of prayer during travel.

Takeaways

• 😀 *Qashar Prayer*: The practice of shortening the obligatory prayers, such as *Dhuhur*, *Asar*, and *Isha*, from four rak'ahs to two during travel, is known as *qashar*. This is permitted under specific conditions.
• 😀 *Distance Requirement*: To be eligible for *qashar*, the traveler must have covered a distance of at least two marhalah (about 88-119 km) as per different scholarly interpretations.
• 😀 *Purpose of Travel*: The purpose of travel must be permissible (*mubah*). If the purpose is haram, such as traveling for sinful reasons, *qashar* is not allowed.
• 😀 *Knowledge of the Ruling*: A traveler must be aware of the conditions and requirements for performing *qashar*. Ignorance of these rules can invalidate the shortened prayer.
• 😀 *Intention (Niyyah)*: The traveler must make the specific intention to shorten the prayer (*qashar*) at the time of *Takbiratul Ihram* (the first takbir of the prayer).
• 😀 *Combining Prayers (Jama')*: Combining prayers can also be done while performing *qashar*. This can either be *jama' takdim* (praying early) or *jama' takhir* (praying late), and it is permissible with shortened prayers.
• 😀 *Completion of Travel*: Once the traveler reaches their destination and the travel has ended, *qashar* is no longer allowed. If the prayer started while traveling but is completed after arrival, *qashar* does not apply.
• 😀 *No Combining with Non-Qashar Prayers*: A person performing *qashar* should not pray behind someone who is performing a full prayer (i.e., not shortening it). If they do, the *qashar* prayer may not be valid.
• 😀 *Travel Duration and Mode*: The duration of travel matters. If the traveler reaches their destination during the prayer, they must complete the prayer in full, as the travel has ended.
• 😀 *Sunna vs. Fardh*: Only obligatory (fardh) prayers can be shortened with *qashar*. Sunnah prayers cannot be combined with *qashar* or *jama'*. Knowing the difference between *fardh* and *sunnah* prayers is essential for valid prayer practices.

Q & A

What is 'Qashar' in the context of Islamic prayer?

Qashar refers to the practice of shortening the mandatory four-unit (rak'ah) prayers (like Dhuhur, Asr, and Isha) to two rak'ahs while traveling.

What is the minimum distance required for a person to be allowed to perform Qashar?

The distance required for Qashar to be permissible is debated among scholars. Some say it is 88 km, while others argue it is 119 km. Both opinions are valid based on different interpretations of Islamic fiqh.

Can a person perform Qashar if they are traveling for sinful purposes?

No, Qashar is only permissible if the travel is for a permissible (mubah) purpose. If the journey is for sinful or prohibited activities, such as committing sin, Qashar is not allowed.

What should a traveler know before performing Qashar?

A traveler must know that they are allowed to perform Qashar. If they are unsure about their right to shorten the prayer, it may invalidate the Qashar.

Is it necessary to use Arabic for the intention (niyyah) when performing Qashar?

No, it is not necessary to use Arabic for the niyyah. A person can make the intention in their own language, as long as they intend to shorten the prayer (Qashar).

Can someone perform Qashar for Maghrib or Fajr prayers?

No, Qashar is only applicable to the four-unit (rak'ah) prayers, such as Dhuhur, Asr, and Isha. Maghrib and Fajr cannot be shortened.

What is the difference between Qashar and Jama'?

Qashar refers specifically to shortening the number of rak'ahs in the prayer, while Jama' refers to combining two prayers (such as Dhuhur and Asr) into one time frame (either Jama' Takdim or Jama' Takhir). Both practices can be performed during travel.

Is it permissible to perform Qashar and Jama' at the same time?

Yes, it is permissible to perform both Qashar and Jama'. For example, you can combine Dhuhur and Asr prayers with Qashar, performing them both as two rak'ahs each.

What happens if a person doubts whether their journey is still considered Safar (travel)?

If a person is uncertain whether their travel has ended, they should continue performing Qashar as long as they are in doubt. However, once they reach their destination or the travel status ends, they should perform the regular prayers without Qashar.

Can a traveler perform Qashar behind an Imam who is not shortening their prayer?

No, a traveler cannot perform Qashar behind an Imam who is not shortening their prayer. If the Imam is praying the full prayer, the traveler must complete the full prayer as well.