Atletik: Tolak Peluru (Shot Put) - Materi PJOK

Summary

This video covers the basics of shot put, an event in athletics where a metal shot is pushed or thrust as far as possible with one hand from the shoulder. The history of shot put dates back to Celtic traditions in Scotland and became an official Olympic event in 1896. The video explains the equipment used, including the shot, which is made of hard metals, and the dimensions of the throwing area. It also discusses three main techniques: the O'Brian method, the Spin method, and the Orthodox method, with tips for beginners on how to perform the basic shot put motion effectively.

Takeaways

• 😀 Shot put is a track and field event where athletes push a heavy metal ball, called a shot put, with one hand from the shoulder to achieve the furthest distance possible.
• 😀 Shot put was first introduced as a sport in the ancient Celtic traditions in the Highlands of Scotland and was used in strength contests between warriors.
• 😀 The modern rules and measurements for shot put were established in the late 19th century, and it was included in the first modern Olympic Games in Athens in 1896.
• 😀 In 1950, shot put underwent a major evolution with the development of the 'backward throw' technique, also known as the O'Brien method, named after American athlete Vario Brian.
• 😀 The shot put ball is made of solid metal like iron, brass, or other hard metals, and it must be smooth and have specific hardness standards for official competitions.
• 😀 The shot put for women weighs between 3kg and 4kg, while the men's shot weighs 5kg, 6kg, or 7kg.
• 😀 The throwing sector for shot put is a circular area with a 2.1-meter radius, and athletes must remain within this area until the shot put lands.
• 😀 There are three main techniques for throwing the shot put: the O'Brien method (backward throw), the Spin technique (360° rotation), and the Orthodox style (beginner-friendly and basic).
• 😀 The Spin technique, popularized by Russian athlete Alexander Baryshnikov, requires athletes to rotate 360° at high speed to generate momentum before launching the shot put.
• 😀 The Orthodox style is considered a simple and beginner-friendly technique, often used in schools for educational purposes. It involves positioning the shot between the neck and shoulder and pushing it with one hand.

Q & A

What is shot put, and how is it performed?

Shot put is an athletic event where an athlete pushes a heavy metal ball (shot) as far as possible with one hand from the shoulder. The goal is to achieve the longest possible distance, and the shot is not thrown but pushed.

Where did shot put originate, and what is its history?

Shot put is believed to have originated from Celtic traditions in Scotland, where stones were used in a similar event. It was later found in other regions such as Greece and Europe as a strength contest. The event became an official Olympic sport in 1896 during the Athens Olympics.

What was the major advancement in shot put technique in the 1950s?

In the 1950s, the O'Brian technique was introduced. This method involves the athlete starting with their back to the sector and then turning 180° before pushing the shot, revolutionizing the event.

What are the typical weights of the shot put for male and female athletes?

For female athletes, the shot put weighs 3 kg or 4 kg, while for male athletes, it typically weighs 5 kg, 6 kg, or 7 kg.

What is the size of the shot put circle used in competitions?

The shot put circle has a diameter of 2.1 meters, and the thrower must remain within this circle during the event.

What are the two main techniques used in official shot put competitions?

The two main techniques used in shot put competitions are the O'Brian method (involving a half turn with the back to the sector) and the Spin method (involving a full 360° rotation before pushing the shot).

What is the orthodox method in shot put, and when is it typically used?

The orthodox method involves simpler movements, where the athlete holds the shot between the neck and shoulder and pushes it from a sideways position. This method is mostly used for training beginners or for educational purposes.

How does the spin technique differ from the O'Brian method?

The spin technique involves a full 360° rotation before pushing the shot, requiring high skill and speed. In contrast, the O'Brian method only involves a half turn (180°) and is typically easier to perform.

What are the key steps for beginners to properly perform a shot put?

For beginners, key steps include placing the shot on the base of the fingers (not the palm), keeping the elbow high, positioning the body sideways to the throwing area, pushing with the back leg, rotating the hips, and launching the shot with strong arm motion, similar to shooting a basketball.

What is the purpose of the various shot put techniques, such as O'Brian and Spin?

The purpose of the O'Brian and Spin techniques is to generate more momentum and distance for the shot, enabling athletes to achieve the farthest possible throw. These advanced techniques are used by more experienced athletes to optimize their performance.