Supply Chains 2022: Problems and Solutions

SupplyChainBrain
21 Jan 202211:25

Summary

TLDR在这段访谈中,IEEE会员Tom Coughlin讨论了2022年供应链面临的主要问题及其解决方案。他指出,新冠疫情对供应链产生了重大影响,导致工厂关闭和运输人员短缺。Coughlin强调了供应链的相互依赖性和脆弱性,并预测了2022年的不确定性。他提出了一些可能的长期趋势,包括在地生产、自动化和区块链技术的使用,这些都可能改变供应链管理。尽管面临挑战,Coughlin对2023年的技术发展和人机协作的积极前景持乐观态度。

Takeaways

  • 😷 2022年供应链面临的主要问题是新冠疫情的持续影响,包括工厂关闭和运输人员不足。
  • 🔗 供应链的相互依赖性使得全球各地的生产和消费更加脆弱,容易受到疫情等因素的影响。
  • 🌐 疫情可能导致供应链的不确定性,例如新的病毒变种可能对来年的供应链产生影响。
  • 🔄 长期问题可能包括供应链的重构,比如更多地在本国生产而不是从其他地方进口。
  • 🤖 自动化的趋势可能会加速,包括工厂和物料处理,包括运输方面的自动化。
  • 🚗 特定行业,如汽车行业,可能会因为芯片和半导体的短缺而经历重大变化。
  • 📈 供应链拥堵问题可能会在2022年继续,特别是在第一季度,受疫情影响工人的可用性。
  • 🔄 分布式账本或区块链技术在控制供应链方面将发挥重要作用,有助于提高供应链的透明度和效率。
  • 🏭 制造更多关键组件的本地化可能是一个长期趋势,受到政治推动和供应链问题的影响。
  • 🌟 技术的发展和实施,以及人与机器之间的互动,将是2023年及以后的积极发展方向。
  • 🤝 人机协作将提升制造能力,AI和自动化不仅替代人力,还将增强人的能力,使人类和机器更自然地协同工作。

Q & A

  • 2022年供应链面临的主要问题是什么?

    -供应链面临的主要问题包括新冠疫情的持续影响、生产和运输的中断、以及全球生产和消费的高度依赖性。

  • 哪些问题可能在短期内得到解决,哪些可能是长期存在的?

    -短期内可能会解决的是由于疫情导致的劳动力短缺和运输延迟问题,而长期存在的问题可能包括供应链的整体调整和生产自动化的推进。

  • 你认为疫情会对供应链产生什么样的长期影响?

    -疫情可能会促使更多产品在本地生产而非依赖全球供应链,同时推动工厂和运输过程中的自动化进程。

  • 如何看待区块链技术在供应链中的应用前景?

    -区块链技术可以通过分布式账本和唯一标识来提高供应链的可追溯性和透明度,从而快速发现和解决问题。

  • 2022年供应链拥堵问题会持续多长时间?

    -预计2022年第一季度供应链拥堵问题仍会持续,尤其是由于疫情引起的劳动力短缺和运输问题。

  • 你对2022年供应链的整体前景持乐观态度吗?

    -尽管面临许多挑战,但随着技术的发展和供应链的调整,我对2022年的供应链前景持谨慎乐观态度。

  • 如何通过技术手段解决供应链问题?

    -通过实施自动化、区块链技术和人工智能,可以提高供应链的效率和可靠性,减少对人工的依赖并增强供应链的灵活性。

  • 你认为未来供应链的变化将会如何影响制造业?

    -制造业可能会更加依赖自动化和本地化生产,以减少对全球供应链的依赖,同时通过技术手段提高生产效率。

  • IEEE在技术进步方面的目标是什么?

    -IEEE致力于推动技术的进步,特别是在自动化、区块链和人工智能等领域,以解决供应链面临的挑战。

  • 你认为供应链的数字化转型将带来哪些变化?

    -数字化转型将提高供应链的连接性和信息处理能力,促进自动化和技术应用,从而提高供应链的整体效率和应变能力。

Outlines

00:00

🌐 2022年供应链面临的挑战及解决方案

在这段对话中,Tom Coughlin,IEEE的研究员,讨论了2022年供应链面临的主要问题,特别是新冠疫情对供应链的持续影响。Tom指出,由于疫情,工厂关闭和运输人员的短缺导致了供应链的脆弱性。他提到,供应链的相互依赖性使得全球各地的生产和消费更加紧密地联系在一起,这在面对疫情等危机时显得尤为脆弱。Tom还讨论了供应链问题的短期和长期影响,以及可能的解决方案,比如在本国生产更多商品以减少对外部的依赖,以及增加自动化和使用区块链技术来提高供应链的透明度和效率。他还提到了半导体行业的短缺问题,以及这些挑战可能持续的时间。

05:02

🚀 技术进步与供应链的未来

在第二段对话中,讨论了技术进步如何帮助解决供应链问题。Tom强调了区块链和人工智能等新兴技术在未来供应链管理中的潜在作用,尽管这些技术还处于起步阶段,但它们有望在未来几年内实现其全部效益。他还提到了数字转型的重要性,以及如何通过更智能的连接和自动化来改进业务流程。Tom认为,尽管2021年带来了一些挑战,但它也为我们提供了实施这些技术以应对未来问题的动力。他还讨论了重新本土化生产的趋势,以及这可能如何影响供应链的结构和运作。

10:03

🤖 人工智能与自动化在供应链中的应用

在最后一段对话中,Tom讨论了人工智能和自动化如何使人类与机器更自然地协同工作。他提到,通过AI的解读能力,可以使机器更安全地与人类一起工作,并通过使用更柔软的材料来增强人机交互。Tom认为,通过结合人类的判断力和机器的操作能力,我们可以提高生产效率并创造新的价值。他还表达了对2022年及以后供应链发展的乐观态度,强调了技术发展和人机协作的潜力。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡供应链

供应链指的是从原材料到最终消费者的所有环节和流程。在视频中,供应链的问题和解决方案是讨论的主要内容,尤其是在2022年,受新冠疫情的持续影响,供应链面临诸多挑战。

💡新冠疫情

新冠疫情是指由新冠病毒引起的全球大流行病。视频中,新冠疫情对供应链的影响被重点提及,包括工厂关闭、人员不足等问题。

💡自动化

自动化指的是使用技术手段完成传统上由人工执行的任务。在视频中,自动化被视为解决供应链问题的一个重要趋势,特别是在工厂和物流运输中。

💡分布式账本

分布式账本,也称区块链,是一种记录交易的技术,能够提高透明度和追踪能力。视频中提到,分布式账本技术可以在供应链管理中发挥重要作用,帮助快速发现和解决问题。

💡芯片短缺

芯片短缺指的是全球范围内半导体芯片供应不足的现象。视频中特别提到,汽车行业受到芯片短缺的严重影响,这种情况可能会持续到2023年。

💡在地化生产

在地化生产指的是将生产环节搬回国内或更靠近消费市场的趋势。视频中提到,这一趋势可能会因供应链问题和政治因素而加速,例如半导体行业的在地化生产。

💡供应链拥堵

供应链拥堵指的是货物在运输过程中的延迟和积压问题。视频提到,特别是在南加州港口,2022年初供应链拥堵仍将是一个严重问题。

💡人工智能

人工智能(AI)指的是计算机系统能够执行需要人类智能的任务。视频中提到,人工智能技术将被加速应用于供应链管理和自动化中,以提高效率。

💡量子计算

量子计算是一种利用量子力学原理进行计算的新型计算技术。视频中提到,量子计算将来可能在特定任务中提供显著的计算能力,推动供应链的数字化转型。

💡数字化转型

数字化转型指的是企业将其业务流程从传统的、非连接的方式转变为使用现代数字技术的过程。视频中指出,新冠疫情加速了企业的数字化转型,这将对供应链管理产生深远影响。

Highlights

2022年供应链面临的主要问题是新冠疫情的持续影响,导致工厂关闭和运输人员短缺。

供应链的相互依赖性使得全球生产和消费的分布变得脆弱。

2022年初,新冠疫情的新变种给供应链带来了不确定性。

供应链问题可能长期存在,但某些问题如疫情影响可能会逐渐消退。

远程通信和生产方式的变化可能会成为供应链管理的新常态。

供应链问题和政治问题可能导致更多产品在本国生产而非从其他地方进口。

自动化在工厂和物流运输中的使用可能会因疫情而加速发展。

半导体和芯片短缺问题可能会有长期影响,需要时间来解决。

2022年供应链拥堵问题可能会持续,尤其是在第一季度。

区块链技术在供应链管理中的应用将发挥重要作用。

半导体行业的变革需要时间,因为建立新工厂和提高产量需要数月时间。

IEEE致力于推动技术进步,但技术解决方案并非一蹴而就。

区块链和人工智能等技术的发展需要多年时间才能实现其全部效益。

技术发展,如量子计算,将与人类合作,改变未来的工作方式。

公司可能会将生产重新安排到风险较低的国家,如从中国转移。

长期趋势可能包括更多关键组件的本地生产以及更多技术的应用。

尽管2021年充满挑战,但对2022年持乐观态度,期待技术发展和人机交互的进步。

Transcripts

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supply chains 2022 problems and

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solutions my guest is tom coughlin he's

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a fellow with ieee hi tom

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hello there robert how are you good

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thank you so much for taking the time to

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speak with me uh you know so what are

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just some in general some of the major

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issues that supply chains are facing as

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we head into 2022

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well i mean a big issue is going to be

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uh how covet is going to continue to

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impact the supply chain obviously the

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last couple of years 2020 2021 it's had

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a big impact factory has been shut down

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people have not been available for

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shipping products from various places

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and the other part of it is of course

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that we are so interdependent between uh

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things made in one place and consumed in

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another or

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sub-assemblies being made in one place

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in the assembly happening somewhere else

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that

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you know it makes us vulnerable to some

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of these issues

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um

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looking at at least right now looking

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into 2020 2022

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um it seems like at least at the

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beginning we're we're running into

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uncertainty at least that uh

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with the latest strain of covid that

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could be impacting supply chains coming

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into the next year yeah i'm wondering

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though of all the problems that we've

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we've seen

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maybe we can separate into

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short-term versus long-term i mean which

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problems do you think might be more

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likely to go away if any of them they

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could all be uh permanent or long-term

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but which ones might we expect to be

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longer lasting and which ones might be

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resolved earlier do you have a sense of

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that

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well there's a number of things going on

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i think and part of it's probably a

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response to the current situation uh

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people you know if if if we go beyond

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the pandemic people can to some extent

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are probably gonna go back to the way

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that they did things before in terms of

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their supply chain

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but on the other hand i think that just

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like in like what we're doing right now

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you know we're communicating remotely

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you know we're not together that there's

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gonna be uh changes in the way in which

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uh people do supply

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um you know creation and supply of of

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things and where they make things and

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where they ship them to

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um i think we might see things like it

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could lead to some

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both

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both the supply chain issue and also

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some political issues could lead to for

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instance more things being made in

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country rather than being shipped from

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somewhere else um also i think we could

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see long-term trends in terms of

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automation

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uh more automation being used for both

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in factories and also material handling

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including transportation there's you

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know it may accelerate some of the

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trends that already been uh been started

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in that area and then i think that

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there's specialized cases uh like the

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automotive shortages and chips and

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semiconductors in general that uh there

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may be uh there may be significant

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changes in you know that could result

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from our experience in the pandemic

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now is anyone's guess as to how long

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some of these problems are going to last

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obviously but when it comes to supply

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chain congestion we're starting to hear

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about there's some sign of relief at

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southern california ports in terms of

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the backlog of containers but it still

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is a pretty serious problem

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do you have a sense of what do you think

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how much of 2022 are we going to be

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experiencing this continuing congestion

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and slow down to the movement of

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products and containers and cargo

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through the supply chain well it

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certainly seems like at the uh

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in the first quarter we're going to see

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continue to see some impact of that

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especially with uncertainty iran cobit

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you know impacting the availability of

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workers

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and and of uh

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you know if if people on board a ship

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get sick or if people get sick

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on land you know there may be shortages

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of workers things like that could still

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be happening it's unclear just how bad

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you know this one's going to be

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um so i think there's uncertainty there

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uh

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i uh a lot of these changes that i was

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talking about um you know i mean there's

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one more i didn't mention which relates

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somewhat to the sp it certainly relates

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to supply chain relate somewhat to the

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shortages and that of course is the use

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of you know distributed ledgers or

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blockchain technology for controlling

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supply chains right you know which is

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also going to play an important role but

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um automation there's already i think

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things that are going have been going on

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there that probably be accelerated by

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this trend uh

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uh onshoring again of making some things

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there's things trends that have been

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going on there which are going to

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beginning in 2022 for instance in the

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semiconductor industry

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it takes a while though to to make some

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of these things happen because there's a

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many many months to build new plants

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sure

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and to uh uh get them online and and

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getting at the manufacturing at yields

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so

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you know we're i think 2022 is still

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going to be

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at least the first half is going to be a

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rough a rough year and for some areas

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like um in the automotive space it looks

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like they're going to they're not even

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going to meet

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the

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manufacturing capability at least in the

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u.s that they had in 2019 until next

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year until 2023 excuse me well you know

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ieee is an organization dedicated to the

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advancement of technology in many

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different aspects so i'm sure we'd like

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to see that go forward but it's not an

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instant solution is it i mean you're

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talking about blockchain which is still

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a nascent technology a.i which is still

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kind of finding it's finding its feet

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you know and so this isn't something

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that's going to like wipe the board

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clean in 2022 we're talking about years

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of of before this really realizes it's

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its full benefits right yeah i think

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well i think what uh 2021 2020 is give

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us additional impetus

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um

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to uh to be uh implementing some of

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these technologies you know to help deal

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with these issues in the future but yes

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it takes it takes many years for people

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to uh you know to make transformations

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like this in a sense this is all related

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to the ongoing digital transformation of

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a lot of businesses right moving from

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older analog or not not

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well-connected processes to processes

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that are more you know connected that

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include

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a lot more processing of information

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may include automation a lot more

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automation things like that i think

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again it's accelerating that but these

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are multi-year processes

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um you know there's infrastructure that

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may be put in place like for some of

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these uh things

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they will be advantageous to have

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advanced wireless networking services

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available and those are coming online

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but they're not there yet so you think

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that you know maybe some of this

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technology do you think it will actually

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provide us

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with a solution to the mess or just

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visibility into the mess

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i think both you know um like that's one

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of the things about uh about using

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distributed ledgers is that if

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everything is essentially uniquely

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identified and you can easily find the

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provenance of things

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we could discover

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issues maybe faster it'd be easier to

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track and find out where there's

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problems at um where you're having to

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build new infrastructure and

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and equipment or

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build whole new factories and that sort

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of thing that takes some time you know

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these are multi-year processes to

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undergo and the thing is that the

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technology is continually evolving you

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know when you talk about ai we've got ai

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today but we're going to have additional

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capabilities in the future

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new types of computing coming online

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which can include like quantum computing

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things of that sort which you know these

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are and these new computing technologies

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are good for certain things not

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necessarily for everything but they they

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will tran a lot of these together with

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with the humans they work with i think

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working together can transform the way

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that we do work um in the future

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you alluded earlier to the possibility

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of companies resourcing or i don't i

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don't know if you would use the read

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word reshoring because that means

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actually bringing manufacturing back the

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united states as opposed to putting it

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somewhere else

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less risky than china

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do you see that as a permanent thing and

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what what kind of sourcing changes might

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we see in in not not just in 2022 but

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beyond

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so i think if re successful reshoring

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probably will involve a lot more

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automation a lot more technology

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that's going to be a key to making that

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happen

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and

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i do see that there's probably a long

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term trend for that or

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maybe for being able to make

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more more critical components locally

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and again there's some political reasons

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why this is being pushed as well as you

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know issues supply chain issues

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um and so i do see that as a very

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important factor that there's going to

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be a lot more stuff made closer to where

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it's manufactured probably as a result

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of this in other words the whole idea of

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supply chains you know we're still going

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to have a global supply chain we're

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going to have things made in different

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areas

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but i think it's going to be a lot

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there's going to be pressure for a lot

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more local content in a lot of these

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products which may help in dealing with

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with future issues like potentially

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dealing with future issues like this and

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a lot more technology involved to make

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that happen

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tom at the end of 2020 we're also

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relieved that year was over and 21 was

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here and it was going to be so much

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better and of course it turned out in

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many cases not to be the case in fact

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quite the opposite would you call

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yourself an optimist about 2022 do you

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think that in general that this might be

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a better year i'm asking you an

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impossible question of course i just

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want to get your sense personally of how

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you feel the future the the short-term

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future stacks up for supply chains

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i'm kind of a professional optimist in

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the sense that i always look for you

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know look for the opportunities and look

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for

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you know the silver linings no matter

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how dark things look and i think that

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there's a there's a lot of things that i

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that i believe will be positive going

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into 2023 in terms of the development of

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technology its implementation

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and um

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movements towards creating advantageous

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uh

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interactions between man and machine you

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know you know this is not just replacing

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people i think but it's also augmenting

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people's capability by the use of

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artificial intelligence devices and

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automation

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um you know and

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beyond just uh

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you know

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where do we do the manufacturing it's

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going to be how do we do the

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manufacturing um i think there's a bit a

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big push towards making uh human and

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machine interactions more natural

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for not just segregating automation in

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this area

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but actually making it so that it's safe

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to work with human beings which ai i

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think makes that happen by being able to

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interpret what people do gestures things

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of that sort and um and making them out

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of softer materials where they might

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interact with human beings yeah where

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humans and machines can work can work

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more naturally better together and i

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think that gives us new capabilities of

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using the things that we're good at you

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know uh

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you know making value judgments

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um

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you know uh

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the the things that that human that

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humans can do that machines can't do

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machines are really good at operations

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they're really good at doing something

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they're told to do but they can't figure

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out what that should be necessarily

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whereas we say well this is the thing

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you should be doing not this and then we

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can help them make to make those things

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happen and if you can do that now

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for now

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well we could certainly do with a dash

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of optimism for 2022. tom coughlin of

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ieee thank you so much for spending a

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little time with me here to talk about

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the possible future and maybe shine a

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little bit of possible light on the

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subject as well thanks for being with me

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really appreciate it

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thank you robert you take care and have

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a great new year thank you

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