EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION - Vaccines and RA 10152

Summary

Nurse Ann discusses the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), a WHO initiative to provide vaccines to all infants and children to reduce morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases. She covers various vaccines, including BCG for tuberculosis, Hepatitis B, DTP for diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus, OPV for polio, Hib for Haemophilus influenzae type b, PCV for pneumococcal diseases, and MMR for measles, mumps, and rubella. Each vaccine's administration timeline, dosage, and route are detailed, emphasizing their importance in protecting children's health.

Takeaways

• 💉 The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) aims to provide vaccines to all infants and children to reduce morbidity and mortality from common vaccine-preventable diseases.
• 🏥 Republic Act No. 10152, also known as the Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011, enforces immunization in the Philippines.
• 👶 The BCG vaccine is administered at the earliest possible age, usually at birth, to protect against tuberculosis.
• 🛡️ The Hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth and requires three doses to reduce the risk of infection and chronic carrier status.
• 👶 The DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis) vaccine is administered at six weeks, with three doses spaced four weeks apart.
• 🍎 The Oral Polio Vaccine is given at six weeks, also in three doses with a four-week interval, to prevent polio.
• 👶 The Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) vaccine is given at six weeks of age, in three doses, to protect against serious infections that can affect children under five.
• 💊 The Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) is administered at six weeks, with three doses, to protect against diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• 👶 The MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine is given at 9 months, with a second dose at 1 year, to protect against these viral diseases.
• 📚 The information provided in the script is intended to educate and inform about the importance of vaccines and the immunization schedule for infants and children.

Q & A

What is the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)?

The Expanded Program on Immunization is a World Health Organization program aimed at making vaccines available to all infants and children to reduce morbidity and mortality against common vaccine-preventable diseases.

What is the purpose of Republic Act Number 10152?

Republic Act Number 10152, also known as the Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011, mandates health immunization for infants and children to ensure their protection against vaccine-preventable diseases.

At what age is the BCG vaccine typically administered?

The BCG vaccine is usually given at the earliest possible age, often at birth, to protect infants from tuberculosis.

How is the Hepatitis B vaccine administered and what is the recommended dosage?

The Hepatitis B vaccine is given at birth via intramuscular injection at the upper outer portion of the vastus lateralis of the thigh, with a dosage of 0.5 ml.

What is the schedule for the Hepatitis B vaccine doses according to the CDC?

According to the CDC, the second dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine can be given at 1 to 2 months, and the last dose can be given around 6 to 18 months of life.

Which vaccine is given at six weeks of age to protect against three infectious diseases?

The DTP (Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus) vaccine is given at six weeks of age to protect against diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus.

How is the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) administered and what is the dosage?

The Oral Polio Vaccine is given at six weeks for three doses with four weeks interval in each dose, administered orally at two to three drops.

What is the purpose of the Hib vaccine and how is it administered?

The Hib vaccine is used to prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b infection, which affects children under 5 years of age. It is administered at six weeks of age for three doses with four weeks interval, via intramuscular injection at the vastus lateralis muscle of the thigh, with a dosage of 0.5 ml.

What does the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) protect against?

The Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) protects against diseases caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae.

At what age is the first dose of the MMR vaccine administered according to the DOH?

According to the Department of Health (DOH), the first dose of the MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) vaccine is administered at 9 months of age.

How is the MMR vaccine given and what is the dosage?

The MMR vaccine is given via subcutaneous injection in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh, with a dosage of 0.5 ml.