Bagaimana Melaksanakan Penelitian Studi Kasus (Bagian 1)

Abdullah Pandang - Ruang Belajar
1 Apr 202215:45

Summary

TLDRThe speaker discusses the methodology of case studies in non-formal education research, particularly in the field of counseling. They emphasize the importance of choosing specific, unique cases rather than general topics, and ensuring that the case is determined before the research proposal is made. The speaker highlights the need for in-depth data collection, including triangulation and thorough investigation of the subject, to provide a comprehensive understanding. They also touch on the challenges of case study research, such as its limited generalizability and the importance of addressing subjectivity in qualitative research.

Takeaways

  • 📚 Case study research is particularly suited for non-formal education, specifically in guidance and counseling.
  • 🔍 Case studies require in-depth, intensive examination of a specific individual, group, or context.
  • 🧠 Researchers must identify the case before proposing the study, unlike other research methods where the subject can be determined later.
  • 💡 A well-defined case is unique, significant, and presents a problem that is crucial to explore, highlighting its urgency.
  • 👥 Informants in a case study include key individuals directly involved in the case and additional informants who complement the data.
  • 📝 The strength of case studies lies in their depth, though they can be limited in generalizability due to their focus on specific cases.
  • ⚠️ The subjective nature of case study research can introduce biases, making the researcher's perspective critical.
  • 🔄 Triangulation and thorough data collection are essential to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the case.
  • 🏫 Case studies can focus on individual issues or broader contexts, like specific behaviors in a group or educational settings.
  • 🌍 Case studies can also be applied to broader programs or policies, assessing their effectiveness or unique impacts in different contexts.

Q & A

  • What is the main focus of the discussion in the provided script?

    -The main focus of the discussion is the case study method in research, particularly in the context of non-formal education and guidance counseling.

  • Why is the correct application of the case study method emphasized?

    -The correct application of the case study method is emphasized because there are often misunderstandings among students in selecting and executing the appropriate model for their specific cases, which can lead to flawed research outcomes.

  • What are the key characteristics of a case study design according to the script?

    -A case study design involves an in-depth and intensive examination of an individual or a specific context. It focuses on real-life phenomena and uses various data sources to thoroughly explore the case.

  • How should the subject of a case study be determined?

    -The subject of a case study must be determined before drafting the research proposal. Unlike other research methods where the subject can be chosen later, in case studies, the case itself must be predefined.

  • What is a common mistake students make when selecting cases for their research?

    -A common mistake is choosing a general topic first and then trying to find a case to fit it, rather than identifying a unique and significant case upfront that warrants thorough investigation.

  • Why is it important to select a unique and significant case for a case study?

    -Selecting a unique and significant case is important because it ensures that the research is valuable, addressing a specific issue that, if left unstudied, could have significant consequences.

  • What roles do key informants play in a case study?

    -Key informants are crucial as they provide deep insights into the case, having direct knowledge and understanding of the context or individuals involved. Supporting informants may also be used to complement the data provided by key informants.

  • What are some limitations of the case study method mentioned in the script?

    -The limitations include difficulty in generalizing findings to a broader population, the subjectivity involved in interpreting data, and the need for comprehensive data collection to ensure the case is fully understood.

  • How can the depth of data collection impact the outcomes of a case study?

    -Inadequate data collection can lead to incomplete understanding of the case, resulting in a flawed analysis. Therefore, methods like triangulation and thorough cross-checking of data are essential to obtain a comprehensive and accurate understanding.

  • Can a case study involve a group or community rather than just an individual?

    -Yes, a case study can involve a group, community, or even a specific context, such as a school program or a community's unique educational practices. The key is that the case must be specific and significant enough to warrant detailed study.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Case Study Method in Educational Research

This paragraph introduces the concept of using the case study method in non-formal education research, especially within the field of counseling. It highlights common errors made by students when implementing this method and emphasizes the importance of correctly identifying the subject and model for the case study. The researcher should thoroughly understand the fundamentals of case study design, focusing on individual or specific contexts, and using real-life evidence to uncover details. A key point is that the subject of the case study must be identified prior to creating a proposal.

05:00

🔍 Importance and Urgency of Case Study Research

The second paragraph discusses the importance of selecting case studies that are unique and relevant, stressing that not all cases are worth investigating. It explains that the case must hold academic value, have an impact on both the individual and their social context, and present potential consequences if left unresolved. The role of key informants is also crucial, especially when using qualitative methods, as they provide critical information about the case. The importance of supporting data from individuals closely associated with the case, such as teachers or parents, is also highlighted.

10:02

🎯 Subjectivity and Limitations in Case Study Research

This paragraph focuses on the subjective nature of case studies, particularly in qualitative research. It warns of the influence of the researcher’s personal interpretation and motivation on the results, which could negatively impact the objectivity of the study. The need for comprehensive data collection through interviews and triangulation is emphasized to ensure a complete understanding of the case. The complexity of analyzing multiple subjects, such as groups or communities, is noted, but it also recognizes that unique cases can provide deeper insights into specific contexts.

15:03

⚖️ Expanding Case Study Research: Programs and Policies

In the final paragraph, the author explores the broader application of case studies beyond individual cases. It is explained that programs or policies, such as school guidance programs, can also be investigated using this method. By comparing these with other contexts or regions, researchers can understand the effectiveness of such policies. Case studies can focus on both negative and positive aspects, with an emphasis on learning from successful implementations. Multi-case studies are also mentioned as a way to expand the research scope, though they present challenges in maintaining focus.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Case Study Method

The 'case study method' is a research approach that involves in-depth, intensive examination of an individual or specific context. In the video, this method is explained as particularly useful for studying unique cases in non-formal education, such as counseling scenarios, where the researcher deeply investigates a subject or phenomenon. The speaker emphasizes the importance of correctly applying this method to ensure meaningful outcomes.

💡Non-formal Education

Non-formal education refers to any organized educational activity outside the established formal system that is intended to serve identifiable learning needs of individuals. The video discusses how research within non-formal education, especially in counseling, benefits from methods like the case study, as it allows for targeted analysis of unique cases and individual circumstances.

💡Subject Selection

Subject selection is the process of identifying specific individuals or contexts to study within a case study. The video emphasizes that in case study research, the subject must be predetermined before creating the research proposal, unlike in other types of research where subjects are identified after defining the topic. This ensures that the study remains focused and relevant.

💡Inquiry

Inquiry in the context of the video refers to the process of investigating phenomena within real-life settings. In case studies, inquiry is used to explore issues deeply within their natural context, such as personal experiences or educational outcomes, providing a comprehensive understanding of the subject under investigation.

💡Empirical Evidence

Empirical evidence refers to data collected through observation or experimentation. In the video, the speaker stresses the importance of using empirical evidence in case study research to support findings. This evidence is gathered from various sources like interviews and documents to build a thorough understanding of the case.

💡Contextual Understanding

Contextual understanding is the ability to grasp the specific circumstances surrounding a case, such as social, environmental, or personal factors that influence the case. In the video, this concept is highlighted as crucial in case study research, where the researcher must dive deep into the case’s context to draw meaningful conclusions.

💡Unique Cases

Unique cases refer to subjects or phenomena that are not common or widely occurring, making them special and worthy of in-depth study. The video mentions that case study research is often best suited for such unique cases, such as specific counseling issues, which offer distinct challenges and learning opportunities.

💡Triangulation

Triangulation is a research technique used to verify the validity of data by cross-referencing information from multiple sources or methods. In the video, the speaker advises using triangulation in case study research to ensure comprehensive and accurate data collection, thus improving the credibility of the research findings.

💡Informants

Informants are individuals who provide information relevant to the case being studied. In the video, the speaker distinguishes between key informants, who have deep knowledge about the case (e.g., counselors, family members), and supporting informants, who contribute additional but less in-depth data. Both types of informants are essential for a well-rounded understanding of the case.

💡Subjektivitas (Subjectivity)

Subjectivity refers to the influence of personal bias or perspective on the research process. The video points out that case study research, particularly qualitative research, can be subjective, as the researcher’s interpretations and choices significantly shape the study. The speaker warns that if the researcher lacks a strong motivation for investigating the case, their subjectivity might negatively impact the study’s validity.

Highlights

Introduction to the significance of case study method in non-formal education, specifically in counseling.

Common mistakes made by students in applying the case study method and the importance of choosing the right model.

Definition of case study: intensive, in-depth investigation of an individual or specific context.

Case study method focuses on real-life phenomena within their natural context using comprehensive evidence.

Importance of defining the case study subject before submitting the research proposal.

Difference between general research and case study research: specific cases are identified in case study research, unlike general topic selection.

Criteria for selecting a case: must be specific, unique, and of significant research interest.

The role of key informants and supporting informants in case study research, especially in qualitative methods.

The importance of triangulation and thorough data checking in case study research to ensure comprehensive understanding.

Case studies can focus on individuals, communities, specific events, or programs to derive valuable insights.

Challenges in case study research: subjective interpretations and the need for thorough, comprehensive data collection.

Case studies are valuable for generating hypotheses for further quantitative research.

Case study research cannot be generalized easily due to the uniqueness of each case.

Importance of demonstrating the academic relevance and social impact of the selected case study.

Case study research can also focus on positive aspects, not just problems, to learn from successful cases.

Transcripts

play00:00

Hai

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[Musik]

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ketemu sekalian Pada kesempatan ini saya

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ingin menjelaskan

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kalau suatu metode penelitian yang Mas

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jati diri gunakan khususnya dibidang

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penelitian pendidikan non-formal khusus

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bagi bidang bimbingan konseling yaitu

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metode studi kasus

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kau yang perlu dipahami Dalam penelitian

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ini

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oh karena sering tadi dalam pengalaman

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saya beberapa mahasiswa bimbingan saya

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menggunakan lancarkan penelitian studi

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kasus

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benar studi kasus tapi ada kekeliruan

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dalam

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menerapkan model studi kasus Mama yang

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tepat

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untuk kasusnya dan Hai Seperti apa

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seharusnya dia menjalankan model studi

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kasus itu secara

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tuntas

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Oleh sebab itu pada kesempatan ini saya

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ingin

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memberikan sedikit Apa Oke mana

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seharusnya menjalankan studi kasus

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paspor Seperti apa

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Oh

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nggak ngasih di kasus

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ini dari The definition

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kita memahami dulu karakteristik

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dasarnya

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Oh ya pertama studi kasus desain

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penelitian studi kasus itu menggunakan

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studi ilmu dan C mendalam jadi intensif

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mendalam terhadap individu atau konteks

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tertentu jadi bisa individu bisa

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sekelompok lebih bisa juga suatu konteks

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tertentu

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yang menjadi kasus kemudian kalau ada

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inquiry Oh ya yang menjadi fenomena

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dalam konteks kehidupan nyata ya tapi

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apa yang terjadi dengan kehidupan nyata

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lagu berikut biasanya menggunakan

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bukti-bukti

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super nggak ngertiin data-data yang

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diperlukan untuk

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mengungkapkan tentang kasus itu

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menggunakan mutisme ya

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kemudian subjek kau sukses yang

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seringkali juga salah dipahami oleh

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sebagian mahasiswa

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kamu dalam penelitian-penelitian

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umum itu

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kita bisa membuat usulan penelitian kita

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fokus pada judul sudah topik Namun siapa

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nanti akan kita teliti bisa kita bisa

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kita tentukan setelah sulap-sulap

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penelitian yang kita buat yang kita

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sebutkan hanya prosedurnya sejak cara

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kita akan menentukan subjek penelitian

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dalam seni

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kasus-kasus yang menjadi itu sudah harus

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ditentukan

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sebelum membuat usulan proposal ya

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Jangan nanti Proposalnya lalu kemudian

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disebutkan

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akan usut dia kasus ini akan dipaparkan

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dipilih menggunakan

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[Musik]

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kolagen remaja Oh

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metode tertentu Tidak kasusnya sudah ada

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namanya studi kasus-kasus itu yang sudah

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ditetapkan kalau dalam

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penelitian-penelitian lain misalnya yang

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kita tetapkan topiknya

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setelah ini kasus ya kasus berkaitan

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dengan topik tertentu

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bukan topik lalu kemudian cari

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subjek-subjek dalam konteks topik tetep

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jadi kita misalnya kita ingin meneliti

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mengenai kasus tanpa ada

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Oppo pecandu narkoba

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khususnya Jangan nanti dicapai lebih

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corak kirimkan Allah mudah latar

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belakang

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Oppa

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hanya bersifat beberapa konseptual Lalu

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ada empirik tapi bukan tentang kasus Iya

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Nah kalau kasus itu sudah harus ada

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Mengapa ditetapkan itu nanti ada

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syaratnya Gampang itu bisa naik tentu

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ini harus rubik dan menarik perhatian

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yang kita tetapkan sebagai kasus itu

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bukan bukan kasus-kasus umum terjadi

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jadi misalnya kalau di sekolah kalau

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tidak menyetujui kasus individu-individu

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itu memang unik

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Jadi kalau hujan di kita studi kasus

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problem tertentu pada si kasus maka

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problem-problem yang telah problemnya

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terbatas orang-orang yang mengalami

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Jadi kalau misalnya

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harga diri rendah itu bukan bukan bukan

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spesifik ya spesifikasi

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juga susu tidak tahu enggak penting juga

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Sur gen kasus itu memang menarik dan UGM

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penting diteliti kenapa kalau tidak

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diteliti

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apa-apa Alpha akibat-akibat yang akan

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terjadi kalau kasus ini dibiarkan

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jadi kita harus menunjukkan

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urgensi ya kita meneliti itu

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tidak sembarang kita menunjuk lalu

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penelitian paling tidak ada Oge secara

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akademik ya bahwa

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penderita ini memang penting diteliti

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pertama dari sisi kasus Apa dampak yang

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bisa terjadi pada sih kasus dan apa

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bahkan terjadi pada konteks sosialnya

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ketika itu dibiarkan

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yang berikut informan Sumber data itu

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tadi pemutih sumber ya Nah ini juga

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perlu dipahami Terutama ketika tetap

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menggunakan Canon

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kualitatif

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kita menggunakan nah tersebut juga kunci

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internet aman terbang kunci dan informan

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pendukung di Permata metologi kasus ya

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kalau ada kasus tertentu yaitu mengkunci

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Dulu mereka yang berada dalam konteks

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peristiwa yang kita jadikan kasus kalau

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individu yang maka individu sih kasus

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itu yang menjadi yang namanya foto utama

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Selain itu ada permen kunci yaitu mereka

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yang betul-betul mengerti tahu data

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terkait dengan fokus kajian kita

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mungkin kalau dpml kostum bukan guru BK

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karena guru BK yang banyak paham tentang

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si kasus muncul orangtuanya

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atau dua-duanya

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orang-orang kunci yang tahu yang

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mengerti yang banyak mendalami tentang

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si kasus atau tentang bakal jadi kalau

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kita bisanya

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meneliti tentang suatu konteks yang

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terbang ke Jeddah mereka-mereka

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betul-betul memiliki pemahaman tentang

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tak

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kita juga butuh untuk membendung pun

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lebih mereka-mereka yang memiliki

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pemahaman tentang kasus yang Tentu saja

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tidak sedalam diformat kunci tapi dia

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bisa melengkapi daftar karena kita

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informan kunci belum tentu tahu semua

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tapi ada beberapa data yang mungkin kita

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kalau tertib kasus kita tentang

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penyalahgunaan narkoba

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mungkin teman-temannya

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bentuk-bentuk udah semuanya harus digali

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informasi

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iya nomor kantor BKM dikasih

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Nah sebagai suatu desain penelitian

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tentu saja Ada plus minus

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bosnya tentu saja

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ada beberapa yang

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pertama karena kita meneliti mendalam

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maka kita aku Muhammad utuh mendalam

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dahulu stick tentang kasus menjadi Oh

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begitu yang terjadi kasus itu sebabnya

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Kenapa karena mengalah biar kita

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betul-betul pembalap kasus

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lalu untuk banyak kasus yang bisa kita

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kaji

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ini kita hanya meneliti orang perorang

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dan pasti disuruh di setiap sekolah itu

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ada saja kasus-kasus spesifik pada

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berbagai wilayah tertentu yang menarik

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untuk dikaji tapi orang tidak kehilangan

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kesempatan tapi studi yang harus jadi

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objek kajian adalah kasus-kasus spesifik

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unik tidak merupakan kesusu terkecuali

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konteksnya status pola-pola itu baik

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sekali

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ada sesuatu yang berbeda dengan sekolah

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lain maka kita mau studi Itu boleh juga

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seperti itu

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memberi lebih putih susu penelitian

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lebih lanjut dia sebenarnya hasil-hasil

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riset yang Tuhan memberi kita Argo

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membeli kita dapat yang cukup lengkap

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sehingga bisa menjadi apa menjadi

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hipotesis untuk pendalaman lebih jauh

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misalnya ketika kita ingin melanjutkan

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ke penelitian kuantitatif yang kita

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ingin Prezi

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populasi yang lebih luas karena studi

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kasus itu ya kelemahannya adalah

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ini

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karena terbatas kasusnya yang sulit di

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inferensi sulit disimpulkan Apakah orang

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yang berbeda kasus sama-sama iPad

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terjadi apakah siswa lain di sekolah itu

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bisa kita bisa kita Gambarkan

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sebagaimana kasus yang kita Gampang itu

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ndak bisa apalagi kalau lebih luas

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jadi studi kasus itu kelemahan mendasar

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dalam pertemuannya itu terutama

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perlakukan sifat-nya impresi harus

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hati-hati betul dengan memperhatikan

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kesamaan care Hai mitosis dan latar

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kehidupan

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kemudian tentu sangat subjektif ya Ini

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pertama peneliti penelitian kualitatif

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kuantitatif mencapai

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ya kalau kualitatif pada sudut memilih

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saja submit Itu pasti ada

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pertimbangan-pertimbangan

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Suzuki tidak ada

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kriteria-kriteria umum tapi kemudian

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interpretasi peneliti menentukan

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Makara subjektif maka ketika Si peneliti

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sendiri itu tidak memiliki apa tidak

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memiliki apa motivasi kuat untuk

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mendalami maka subjektivitas ini bisa

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berpengaruh negatif terhadap hasil

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penelitian

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kemudian nah tentu saja sebagai suatu

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penelitian walaupun sedikit tapi butuh

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data lengkap ya nggak bisa hanya

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wawancara sekali dua kali hanya dengan

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kasusnya lalu kemudian ke seperti ndak

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bisa harus ada proses trianggulasi harus

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ada proses check and recheck data

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melengkapi supaya kita memiliki

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Pemahaman konsep wujud tentang kasus

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yang kita sedang kaki dengan sampai ada

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penggalian informasi yang terlupakan dan

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itu sangat berkaitan dengan

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beton dengan

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topik yang kita bahas tentang si kasus

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itu sebabnya

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kita butuhkan kadang-kadang bisa lebih

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ramai bisa lebih lama terlalu pendekatan

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kualitatif

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siapa kasus itu ini juga penting

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dipahami dengan baik

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sehingga nih kalau mahasiswa terutama

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dari beberapa muslim selalu menganggap

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kasus itu orang satu orang Iya memang

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bisa individu bisa seorang individu yang

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secara unik ini lebih ongkosnya kepada

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kambing kita kaji kasus

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tapi sebenarnya tidak bisa kita diduga

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komunitas individu misalnya dalam satu

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sekolah ada kelompok geng tertentu ya

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gan itu menarik eh itu misalnya ada

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gamenya tapi kemudian

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ada-ada

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ada keunikan tertentu dengan perilakunya

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yang yang perlu dikaji kenapa sampai

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begitu dan apa yang bisa kita lakukan

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terhadap mereka yang dalam beb ini

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Pemerintah sebabkan kemacetan lebih luas

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bisa Kecamatan 1 Kecamatan orang hanya

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kita ingin meneliti tentang Suku

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tertentu ya

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komunitas-komunitas bisa kita pakai

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sebetulnya dalam pengertian lebih luas

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lebih kasus penelitian apapun yang kita

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maksudkan

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publikasikan itu dengan membandingkan

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dengan komunitas lain maka dia bisa

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menjadi lebih kasus juga ada peneliti yo

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yo tidak di dalam artikelnya er dalam

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artikelnya semua tipe jurnal ini

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penelitian kuantitatif

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tidak dirancang untuk studi kasus tapi

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kemudian partikel itu saya buat sebagai

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apa kasus ya Kasus untuk Sulawesi

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Selatan Bapak Karena kajian-kajian saya

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tolong perbandingan teoritiknya dalam

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babi tema ini kita melihat yang terjadi

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di tempat lain seperti yang terjadi

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tempat Bagaimana kalau kasus itu kita

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lihat dalam konteks Makassar ini juga

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sedikit

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kemudian bisa program atau kebijakan

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Ya bisa saja program BK jadikan kasus

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kegiatan-kegiatan khusus lebih saja

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sebagai kasus ya kita kita berfokus pada

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aspek apa dalam kasus mungkin saja ada

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sisi positif juga ya ini Hai negara

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kasus itu tidak harus negatifnya hal

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positif yang kemudian kita perlu belajar

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dari kata positif itu juga bisa kita

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harus

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ada kebijakan pemuda yang dibuat lalu

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kita ingin melihat seberapa efektif

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pencapaian kebijakan itu tidak bisa

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melakukan studi kasus terhadap kebijakan

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pintu keseganan cara kita bandingkan

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dengan kebijakan

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atau Langsa sebelum jadi sekolah bisa

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menjadi

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kasus-kasus

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kemudian apa pendidikan di suatu desa

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bisanya yang

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memiliki apa misalnya

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pola pendidikan yang unik sekali ya kita

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bisa studi kasus

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atau latar khusus lokus tertentu lainnya

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saya maksudkan Tadi ia bahkan Indonesia

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latar Makassar walaupun

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pendekatan-pendekatan nya bekas spesifik

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ya I

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like ini biasanya kalau terlalu luas

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memang depannya sebagai ancangan

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penelitian

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Aa itu akan mengalami kesulitan karena

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kita membutuhkan namanya multi kasus

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kalau selesai misalnya tentu saja kita

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membutuhkan beberapa informasi

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yang mewakili Sulawesi Selatan untuk

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didalami makanya pada umumnya orang

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membatasi studi kasus sebagai ancaman

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penelitian beda tadi ya dalam konteks

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atopik atau studi kasus dalam Kerta

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philanthropy kejadian itu dimungkinkan

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jadi tadi luas sepi sebagai bisa impen

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kajian terletak kasus maka kita harus

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membatasi

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