Tips dan trik mengoperasikan mesin CNC bagi operator pemula

Summary

This instructional video script outlines the process of running a CNC machine using Mastercam programs. It emphasizes selecting the correct toolpath, simulating the program, and editing the NC code for machine execution. The tutorial covers essential safety checks, including verifying machine settings, ensuring low spindle speeds, and adjusting feed rates. It also demonstrates how to execute the program in DNC mode, highlighting the importance of single block mode for safety and precision. The video concludes with a successful machining operation, reinforcing the importance of attentive operation and adherence to safety protocols.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script is a tutorial on running a CNC program created in Mastercam, focusing on the execution of a contouring program.
• 🛠️ The presenter explains the process of selecting and running a single operation due to differences in tooling, such as using an end mill for contouring and a drill for hole making.
• 💾 The tutorial involves saving the CNC program onto a flash drive, with a specific file naming convention to avoid confusion.
• ✂️ Before running the program on the machine, it's necessary to edit the NC code to remove unnecessary titles and adjust certain parameters for the machine's setup.
• 🔍 The presenter emphasizes the importance of checking the machine's settings before running the program, including ensuring the workpiece is correctly positioned.
• 🔧 The script outlines the steps to check the machine's settings using MDI mode, which includes inputting test commands to verify the machine's readiness.
• 🚫 Safety is a key theme, with instructions to ensure the machine is in a safe state before starting, including setting spindle speed to the lowest and ensuring rapid movements are minimized.
• 🔑 The use of 'single block' mode is highlighted for safely running the program line by line, allowing for manual control and verification at each step.
• 🔄 The script describes the process of loading the NC program from an external source like a USB or flash drive into the machine's DNC system.
• 🎛️ The importance of monitoring and controlling the machine's movements, spindle speed, and coolant during the machining process is discussed, with tips for adjusting these parameters as needed.
• 🏁 The tutorial concludes with a demonstration of the machining process, emphasizing the need for continuous supervision and control to ensure a successful operation.

Q & A

What is the purpose of the video script?

The video script is intended to guide viewers through the process of running a CNC machine using a program created in Mastercam. It includes steps for simulation, file handling, and execution of the program on the machine.

Why is it necessary to simulate the program before running it on the machine?

Simulating the program before running it on the machine is crucial to verify the accuracy of the program and to ensure that it will perform correctly without causing any damage to the machine or the workpiece.

What is the significance of selecting a single program to run instead of all programs at once?

Selecting a single program is significant because different programs may use different cutting tools, such as end mills or drills with different diameters. Running one at a time allows for proper tool setup and reduces the risk of errors.

Why is it important to check the machine settings before running a program?

Checking the machine settings is important to ensure that the workpiece is correctly positioned and that the machine is set up according to the program's requirements, which helps prevent errors and potential damage during the machining process.

What is meant by 'single block' mode in the context of the script?

In 'single block' mode, the CNC machine reads and executes one line of the program at a time. This allows the operator to monitor and control the machine's movements step by step, ensuring safety and accuracy.

How does the operator ensure that the program runs smoothly and safely on the CNC machine?

The operator ensures smooth and safe operation by setting the spindle speed to the lowest, checking the feed rate, ensuring rapid movements are as minimal as possible, and activating the 'single block' mode for controlled execution.

What is the role of the 'MDI' mode in the process described in the script?

MDI (Manual Data Input) mode is used to manually input and execute short commands or to check the machine settings before running the full program. It allows the operator to test individual commands without engaging the entire program.

Why is it recommended to delete certain lines from the NC code before running it on the machine?

Certain lines in the NC code, such as comments or tool change commands, may not be necessary for the actual machining process. Deleting them can help prevent confusion and ensure that the machine operates efficiently.

What does the acronym 'DNC' stand for, and how is it used in the context of the script?

DNC stands for Direct Numerical Control. It refers to the process of running a program directly from an external memory source, such as a USB or flash disk, rather than from the machine's internal memory.

How does the operator know when the machining process is complete?

The operator can monitor the progress of the machining process through the machine's display, which shows the current position and depth of the tool. The process is complete when the tool reaches the programmed depth, and the machine automatically stops the spindle and returns to the home position.

What safety measures are emphasized during the execution of the CNC program?

Safety measures emphasized include keeping the emergency stop button within reach, ensuring that the 'single block' mode is activated for step-by-step execution, and maintaining control over the machine's movements throughout the machining process.

Outlines

00:00

🛠️ Setting Up CNC Machine for Operation

This paragraph explains the process of preparing a CNC machine for operation using Mastercam software. The speaker demonstrates how to run a program on the machine, focusing on creating two types of programs: contour and drilling. It's emphasized that each program uses different cutting tools, with the contour program using an 8mm diameter end mill and the drilling program using a 6mm diameter drill bit. The speaker also discusses the importance of selecting the correct toolpath and highlights the need to adjust the toolpad settings accordingly. The process of saving the NC code to a USB drive and preparing it for machine execution is also covered, including editing the NC code to remove unnecessary information and setting the correct tool offsets.

05:00

🔍 Verifying Machine Settings and Safety Checks

The second paragraph outlines the necessary steps to verify the machine settings and perform safety checks before running a program on the CNC machine. It details how to use the MDI mode to input and check the machine's position with specific G-codes. The speaker explains the importance of zeroing the machine, setting the spindle speed to a low value, and using the feed rate to adjust the machine's movement. The paragraph also covers the need to check the machine's rapid movement settings and ensure that the single block mode is enabled for safe operation. The speaker stresses the importance of adhering to five key safety conditions before executing a program, including checking settings, spindle speed, feed rate, rapid movement, and enabling single block mode.

10:02

🏗️ Executing the CNC Program in DNC Mode

In this paragraph, the focus is on executing the CNC program in DNC (Direct Numerical Control) mode, which allows the machine to read the program from an external memory source like a USB drive. The speaker guides through the process of selecting the program, ensuring the correct file name is chosen, and checking the program's details before starting. The paragraph also discusses the importance of setting the spindle speed, feed rate, and rapid movement to the correct values before initiating the program. The speaker demonstrates how to use the single block mode to control the machine's movement line by line, ensuring safety and accuracy during the operation. The paragraph concludes with a demonstration of how to monitor and control the machine's movements during the machining process.

15:03

🔧 Post-Operation Checks and Completion

The final paragraph describes the steps to take after the CNC program has been executed. It includes checking the machine's operation to ensure it has completed the task correctly and safely. The speaker explains how to observe the machine's movements and the importance of holding the emergency stop button during operation. The paragraph also covers the process of turning off the machine and spindle once the program has finished running, and how to check the final product for accuracy and quality. The speaker concludes by summarizing the five key points to remember when operating a CNC machine, emphasizing the importance of safety and precision in the process.

Keywords

💡Mastercam

Mastercam is a widely used computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software program. It is employed for a variety of machining operations, including milling, turning, and wire EDM. In the video's context, Mastercam is used to create programs that are executed on a CNC machine. The script mentions creating and simulating programs in Mastercam, indicating its role in the design and manufacturing process.

💡Simulation

Simulation in this context refers to the process of imitating the operation of a machine or process under certain conditions. In the script, the speaker mentions simulating a program before executing it on the actual CNC machine. This step is crucial for verifying the accuracy and safety of the program without risking damage to the machine or workpiece.

💡Post Processor

A post processor in CNC programming translates the generic G-code generated by CAD/CAM software into a format that is specific to a particular machine tool. The script mentions selecting an operation and using the post processor to generate DNC (Direct Numerical Control) files, which are then used to run the program on the machine.

💡Toolpath

A toolpath is the physical path that a cutting tool follows during the manufacturing process. The term is used in the script when the speaker chooses to run a 'contour' program, which is a type of toolpath designed to follow the outline of a part. The choice of toolpath depends on the tool being used, as different tools have different cutting diameters and functions.

💡DNC (Direct Numerical Control)

DNC is a method of controlling a machine tool where the control signals are sent directly to the machine tool over a network, rather than being stored within the machine. In the script, DNC is mentioned as a method for transferring the program from a USB or flash disk to the CNC machine, allowing for the execution of the program.

💡NC Code

NC (Numerical Control) code is a programming language used to control the operation of machine tools. The script describes the process of generating NC code from a Mastercam program, which is then saved to a flash disk and later loaded onto the CNC machine for execution.

💡Toolpad

A toolpad in CNC programming refers to the layout or plan that shows the arrangement of tools in a tool changer. The script mentions that if the tools used are the same but the toolpads are different, each toolpad should be taken one by one, indicating the importance of tool organization and selection in the machining process.

💡G-code

G-code, short for G programming code, is a programming language used primarily in the computerized numerical control (CNC) industry. It is used to control automated machine tools and contains commands that describe the actions and functions of the machine. In the script, G-code is mentioned in the context of editing the NC code to remove unnecessary information before running it on the machine.

💡MDI (Manual Data Input)

MDI is a mode on CNC machines that allows operators to manually input commands and data to the machine controller. In the script, the speaker uses MDI to check the machine's settings by entering specific G-code commands such as G90, G54, and G1 to ensure the machine is set up correctly before running the program.

💡Rapid

In CNC programming, 'rapid' refers to the high-speed, non-cutting movement of the machine tool between different points in the program. The script mentions setting the rapid rate to the smallest possible value, which is important for safety and precision, especially when the machine is moving to a new position without cutting the material.

💡Single Block

Single block mode in CNC programming allows the machine to execute one line of the program at a time. This mode is used for troubleshooting and safety, as it allows the operator to control the machine's movements step by step. The script describes using single block mode to execute the program line by line, ensuring each step is correct before proceeding.

Highlights

Introduction to running a Mastercam program on a CNC machine.

Explanation of creating two programs: one for milling and one for drilling.

Emphasis on verifying the program's correctness before execution.

Selection of a contour program for demonstration purposes.

Discussion on the difference in tooling for contour and drilling programs.

Advice on selecting programs based on tool type to avoid confusion.

Instructions on how to save the program to a USB flash drive.

Importance of editing the NC code before running it on the machine.

Removal of unnecessary titles in the NC code to save space.

Instructions on deleting specific lines in the NC code for tool changes.

Explanation of the automatic tool change process using G43 and H codes.

Preparation steps before running the machine, including checking settings.

Use of MDI to check the machine's settings and zeroing the machine.

Setting the spindle speed and feed rate to the lowest before starting.

Ensuring all safety measures are in place before executing the program.

Enabling the single block mode for step-by-step program execution.

Explanation of the DNC (Direct NC) process for running programs from external memory.

Guidance on selecting and loading the program from a USB or flash disk.

Final checks and adjustments before starting the machine, including spindle speed and rapid movements.

Monitoring the machine's operation and making manual adjustments as needed.

Use of cooling during the machining process to prevent overheating.

Completion of the machining process and automatic return of the machine to its home position.

Review of the finished product and the importance of careful operation.

Summary of the five key points to remember when running a CNC program.

Transcripts

ya asalamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh Di sini saya akan

menjelaskan cara menjalankan program

yang sudah kita buat di mastercam untuk

kita eksekusi di mesin nah ini saya saya

contohkan membuat dua program yaitu k

sama ngebur ya kita simulasikan dulu

kita

sebel Apakah sudah benar atau atau belum

ya Oke kita

play oke nah kurang lebih sama seperti

ini Programnya sudah benar Oke saya akan

mengambil Salah satu program ya yaitu

program kontur Mengapa saya ambil satu

tidak kita ambil semua programnya karena

di sini program kontur dan juga pack

drill itu berbeda alat potongnya

kalau kontour menggunakan nmil diameter

8 kalau P drilnya menggunakan bur

diameter 6 makanya kita pilih satu-satu

Kalau mungkin ini toolpadnya lebih dari

satu sedangkan tool yang digunakan sama

bisa kita ambil sekalian beberapa

toolpad tapi kalau toolnya berbeda ini

Emil 8 sama ber diameter 6 maka kita

sebaiknya ambil satu-satu Oke saya

contohkan saya ambil program konturnya

caranya bagaimana

yang pertama kita tekan G1 atau post

selected Operation

oke di sini kita centang saja karena

ekstensinya jenis file-nya sudah

dnc kita tekan oke nah Ini penting

sekali ya karena biasanya kalau

settingan default di sini ada konfirmasi

not all Operation ya Yang Yang kamu

ambil nah have been selected yang kamu

pilih di sini ditanyakan lagi Apakah

anda akan mau all Apakah mau ngambil

program semuanya di sini settingannya

otomatis Yes nah ini hati-hati kalau

kita pilihnya Yes maka semua program itu

sudah terpilih karena kita hanya mengil

to makanya kita tekan no ya

kita hanya mengambil satu

toolp nah kita letakkan di flash disk

Nah ini USB Dri a kemudian kita pilih

nama misalkan namanya kontur

Oke kemudian kita

save maka keluarlah NC kodenya ya Akan

tetapi ncode ini tidak bisa kita

jalankan di mesin kita harus edit dulu

oke yang pertama di sini semua judul

yang berwarna hijau ini sebaiknya

dihapus kalau enggak dihapus enggak

apa-apa ya tapi ini untuk menghemat

ruang saja seperti keterangan nm

diameternya material aluminium nah ini

dihapus saja Kemudian ini perhatikan ini

ada O sama 04 kali 0 4 kali kita hapus

menggunakan EMP angka yang berbeda

selain 1 2 3 4 misalkan 2 1 1 4 oke yang

kedua t sama M ini dihapus saja karena

di sini untuk pergantian tool Ching

pergantian tool otomatis pasangannya

menggunakan g43 sama H ya untuk tool

offset-nya video lengkapnya di video

yang smart sense yang sebelumnya cara

mengambil NC kode ya ini tidak saya

jelaskan panjang lebar ya

Oke ini kita simpan ya oke kemudian kita

close nah kemudian flash disknya kita

ambil ini flash disknya kita ambil kita

masukkan ke

mesin Oke kita masukkan

oke nah

[Musik]

langkah pertama sebelum menjalankan

mesin

atau memanggil program ya eksekusi

program di mesin ya syaratnya ada empat

yang pertama syarat yang pertama adalah

mengecek hasil

settingan mengecek hasil settingan tadi

benda kerjanya ya di gambar itu saya

setting di tengah-tengah ya Nah maka

sebelum kita jalankan mesin kita cek

hasil settingannya dulu caranya kita

tekan program mdi atau tombol

mdi kemudian kita pilih

program masukkan program untuk ngecek

hasil settingannya yaitu

g90

g54

G1

x0

y z

30

f2000 kita input sebelum kita cle start

kita cek dulu g90 g54 G1 Nah kalau benar

kita nolkan semuanya baik dari fitr dan

juga

spindelnya yang ketiga ini juga di

nolkan atau dikasih kecepatan 0,01 baru

kita SLE start tangan kiri standb di

tombol emergency kalau hasil

settingannya salah Oke kita ar Nah kita

bisa menggerakkan mengatur gerakan

nilnya menggunakan F Ini

oke Ya kita putar maka dia akan turun

ya Nah letaknya di sini di tengah-tengah

nmnya sudah di tengah-tengah benda kerja

ketinggiannya ini sekitar 30 karena ini

sekitar 20 mungkin ini ya pas Min 30-an

ya Saya ee enggak punya yang 30 tapi

kurang lebih sama oke nah karena

settingannya sudah benar maka kita

nolkan mesin Hero Z plus dia naik

dulu

x+ y plus kalau sudah naik Baru kita

pakai kecepatan sat

oke nah syarat yang kedua

setelah ngecek hasil settingan syarat

yang kedua kita cek skednya nol apa gak

atau kecepatan paling Rah rendah apaak

Oke 50 Syarat yang

ketiga vatnya

nol nol syarat yang keempat

rapidnya dibuat sekecil mungkin tapi

kalau rapid yang di mesin ini karena ini

masih e belum standar yang ke mesin

produksi ini harus dibuka

25% atau mendekati nol yang paling kecil

atau

0,01 syarat yang

kelima yaitu single wajib dihidupkan

Saya ulangi lagi lima syarat ketika

menjalankan program yaitu Cek hasil

settingan

mdi

kemudian

spindelnya kecepatan paling rendah atau

50% yang ketiga Fit rate-nya

dinolkan yang keempat rapidnya

0,01 yang kelima single wajib nyala di

sini nyala kuning nah oke le fsinya

untuk apaingle itu artinyaingle bl

membaca program setiap sat baris sat

baris Mengapa Harus satu baris karena

kalau ini tidak hidup ya bisa jadi

ketika programnya salah atau setting

Bend kerja salah diasung Jalan otomatis

langsung

menyay khawatirnya nanti bisaus

setelah itu terakhir kita

Jal kitanya di dnc dnc ini adalah direct

NC atau memanggil program dari memori

eksternal kalau auto memori internal

mesin tapi kalau dnc memori eksternal di

mana di USB atau flash disk ya oke

setelah di dnc kita pilih

program setelah kita pilih program kita

cari nama file-nya di mana di folder

kita pilih

Dir di folder ini kita cari namanya tadi

namanya Apa nama Programnya apa kontour

Oke kita

turunkan cari Nah ini

nih kontur kalau sudah keblok warna

kuning bisa kita input oke cek lagi nama

programnya kontour

oke ya

oke sebelum kita Se lagi ya kita lebih

waspada lagi yang pertama midnya 50%

pitetnya 0 kemudian rapitnya

0,01 single-nya nyala oke nah kalau

sudah tangan kiri kita letakkan di

eh tombol emergency standby tangan kanan

pegang cle start kita Nyalakan cle

start maka dia akan kebaca satu banis

nah ini fungsi dari single block kita

SLE start lagi kebaca satu baris lagi

nanti pada M3 s3000 dia akan berputar

pada baris kelima

ini nah ini belum masih program pembuka

nah ini dia

berputar I kan Nah

S3 kemudian kita turunkan lagi maka dia

harus Berarti z25 kalau tidak berhenti

di atas ya 25 mili masih turun terus

kita tekan ensinya nah

Nah itu 25 mili kemudian turun lagi fit

l-nya pada jarak 10

mili nah 10 mili kalau sudah benar ini

di 10 mili bisa kita buka spindelnya

100% maka dia akan meningkat

kecepatannya

Oke kalau sudah 100% single blocknya

Gantian kita matikan supaya dia jalan

otomatis terus single blocknya kita

matikan Oke setelah itu bisa kita cle

start nah dia akan nyala terus hijunya

sekarang gerakannya kita kendalikan

menggunakan

Oke gitu ya Oke kita kend kendalikan

bkan kita buka pelan-pelan saja

Oke 60% atau 70% Oke kita lihat

sana pada Z ini

0, du nanti sampai z-8 total g-nya oke

oke dia 0,1 saya pakai gerakan ranking

jadi dia semakin gerakan XY sambil z-nya

semakin turun sambil

turun

ininya turun

ya ini sudah mulai nyayar turun ya ini

kan mulai nyayar supaya lebih aman Bisa

kita

tutup kemudian kita hidupkan kolennya di

sini kolen pakainya cooling

[Musik]

Oke Maaf bisa lihat

Oke kita buka 100% gak apa-apa

Oke kalau mau lihat

posisinya posisi di absolutnya nah dia

baru jalan di main 1 mili nah ini mulai

nyayat totalnya nanti sampai berhenti

pada z-8 mili lihatnya di posisi Nah

sudah mulai nyayat ya suaranya ya

ngengu Nah itu sudah mulai nyayat Nah

kita lihat dulu sampai

selesai ketika machining atau

menjalankan program P ini wajib dipegang

Mas Ya wajib

dipegang Mengapa bisa jadi ini

programnya error atau nabrak dan

sebagainya Kalau salah kita masuk lkan

maka dia akan berhenti I kan nah tapi

kalau aman ya biar jalan

aja

ng bisa diung ke

sana kelihatan ya

oke

[Musik]

[Musik]

jelas Ya

jelas

Pak ditahan dulu apa namanya

itu nah ini sudah mau selesai pada

kecepat pada kedalaman z-nya -7,9 nanti

selesai pada 8

ya z-8 Nah ini terakhir Dia gak turun

lagi kita lihat pergannya

sana Nah kalau sudah selesai otomatis

nanti dia akan naik

sendiri naik sendiri

kemudian spindnya berhenti dan

juganya mati sendiri kali ke home

mesinnya Nah sudah

selesai Nah kalau masih nyala kennya Oh

mati ya karena

M9 kita lihat ini

hasilnya kitaak

dulu Nah ini bisa dilihat tadinya

kur mengerjakan Yang ini tadi ya Nah

ini nah ini sudah selesai menggunakan

nmil diameter 8 ya

Oke saya kira mudah yang penting

hati-hati ada lima poin penting dalam

menjalankan program di mesin CNC GSK

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