Class 6 History Chapter 1: What, Where, How and When? | English | NCERT / CBSE

Way to Success Frame

21 Sept 202009:12

Summary

TLDRThis history class session introduces Chapter 1 on the fundamentals of history, exploring how we learn about the past. It delves into questions of 'what,' 'where,' 'how,' and 'when,' highlighting the lifestyle of ancient people, the development of agriculture, and the rise of early cities. The script discusses the movement of people for various reasons and its cultural impact, as well as the sources of historical information, including manuscripts, inscriptions, and the work of archaeologists. It also touches on the significance of different eras and the challenges of understanding the lives of ordinary people versus those of rulers.

Takeaways

📚 The first chapter of the history book is an introduction to the fundamentals of history, focusing on the questions of 'what', 'where', 'how', and 'when' to understand the past.
🍽️ 'What' in history helps us explore the lifestyle of different people, including their food, clothing, and housing.
🌳 'Where' is about the geographical locations where people lived, such as along riverbanks and in hills where agriculture developed.
🌾 Agriculture began in various regions, with specific examples like the cultivation of wheat and barley in the Suleyman and Kyoto hills around 8,000 years ago.
🏙️ The development of cities, such as those along the Indus River 2,500 years ago and the Magadha Kingdom near the Ganges River, is part of historical 'where'.
🚶 Traveling is a significant aspect of history, with people moving for various reasons like livelihood, escaping disasters, conquest, trade, or spreading religion.
🌐 The impact of traveling includes the sharing of ideas, cultural traditions, and new ways of life, enriching societies.
🏛️ Manuscripts and inscriptions are two primary sources for historical information, providing insights into past societies, religions, and sciences.
🔍 Archaeologists play a crucial role in understanding the past by excavating sites to find tools, weapons, and other artifacts that reveal ancient life.
🗓️ The script explains the difference between BC (Before Christ), BCE (Before Common Era), AD (Anno Domini), and CE (Common Era) for dating historical events.
👑 The historical records often focus on the lives of kings and significant figures, while the lives of ordinary people are less documented.
📖 The chapter concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding historical concepts that will be further explored in subsequent lessons.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the first chapter of the history class?
-The main topic of the first chapter is 'What, Where, How, and When,' which serves as an introductory chapter to the fundamentals of history.
What does the chapter focus on when it asks 'What'?
-When asking 'What,' the chapter focuses on understanding the lifestyle of different people, including the type of food they ate, the clothes they wore, and the houses they lived in.
How did the lifestyle of people living along the Narmada River differ from those in other regions?
-People living along the Narmada River were skilled gatherers who collected fruits and forest produce for food and sometimes hunted animals, unlike those in other regions who began to grow crops like wheat and barley.
When and where did agriculture first develop in the context mentioned in the script?
-Agriculture first developed in the Suleyman and Kyoto hills around 8,000 years ago, and later in the Gheto hills to the northeast and the winters in central India.
Why did people travel in ancient times according to the script?
-People traveled in ancient times for various reasons such as searching for livelihood, escaping natural disasters, conquering other lands through military marches, trade, spreading religion, and discovering new places.
What impact did the traveling of people have on culture and society?
-The traveling of people led to the sharing of ideas, enriching cultural traditions, and the exchange of new ways of carving stones and composing music, as well as understanding new cooking methods.
What are the two main sources used to gather information about the past as mentioned in the script?
-The two main sources used to gather information about the past are manuscripts and inscriptions.
How did the term 'India' originate according to the script?
-The term 'India' originates from the Indus or 'Sindhu' in Sanskrit. Iranians and Greeks called it 'Hindus' or 'Indus', and the land to the east of the Indus River was called India.
What does the term 'Bharat' represent and how did it come to be used for the entire country?
-The term 'Bharat' originally referred to a group of people living in the northwest, as mentioned in the Rigveda about 3500 years ago. Later, it was used to refer to the entire country.
How do archaeologists contribute to our understanding of the past?
-Archaeologists contribute by studying the remains of buildings, paintings, and sculptures, and exploring the life of ancient people through excavation sites, where they find tools, weapons, pottery, ornaments, and coins used in the past.
What is the difference between BC and BCE, and AD and CE in the context of dating events?
-BC (Before Christ) and AD (Anno Domini) are traditional ways of dating events, with BC counting backwards from the birth of Jesus Christ. BCE (Before Common Era) and CE (Common Era) are more secular terms used instead, with BCE standing for 'before common era' and CE for 'common era'.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to History and Early Civilizations

The first paragraph introduces the students to the first session of a history class for class 6, focusing on the fundamentals of history as presented in Chapter 1 titled 'What, Where, How, and When.' It emphasizes the importance of understanding the past through questions about lifestyle, location, and time. The paragraph delves into the early agricultural developments near the Narmada River and the Indus Valley, where some of the earliest cities emerged. It also touches on the travels of people for various reasons, such as seeking livelihood, escaping natural disasters, or spreading religion, and the cultural exchanges that resulted from these movements. The paragraph concludes with a brief mention of the names of the land, India and Bharat, and their origins.

05:01

📜 Historical Sources and Understanding the Past

The second paragraph discusses the methods and sources used to learn about history. It begins with an explanation of manuscripts, which were handwritten documents on palm leaves or birch bark, covering a wide range of subjects. The paragraph then moves on to inscriptions, which are writings on hard surfaces like stone or metal, used by kings for orders and recording victories. The role of archaeologists in studying ancient life through excavations is highlighted, including the examination of tools, weapons, and other artifacts to understand the daily lives and diets of past civilizations. The paragraph also addresses the challenges in knowing about ordinary people due to the lack of records kept by them. It concludes with an explanation of the dating system used in history, including BC, BCE, AD, and CE, and ends with an invitation for students to subscribe to the channel for further updates.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡History

History refers to the study of past events, particularly in human society. In the context of the video, it is the subject being taught and the exploration of how we understand our past, including the lifestyle of different people and the development of civilizations.

💡Lifestyle

Lifestyle encompasses the interests, opinions, behaviors, and behavioral orientations of an individual, group, or culture. The script discusses the lifestyle of ancient people, such as hunters, farmers, rulers, merchants, priests, and scientists, to illustrate the diversity of life in the past.

💡Agriculture

Agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. The video mentions the development of agriculture in different regions, such as the cultivation of crops like wheat and barley in the Suleyman and Kyoto hills, which is a key aspect of understanding the evolution of human societies.

💡Archaeologists

Archaeologists are scientists who study human history through the excavation of artifacts and remains. The script describes how archaeologists help us understand our past by examining ancient buildings, paintings, sculptures, and other physical evidence from past civilizations.

💡Excavation

Excavation is the process of carefully uncovering and examining archaeological sites to reveal artifacts and structures from the past. The video uses this term to explain how archaeologists discover tools, weapons, and other items that provide insights into the lives of ancient people.

💡Manuscripts

Manuscripts are handwritten documents, often on materials like palm leaves or birch bark. In the script, manuscripts are identified as a primary source of historical information, dealing with a wide range of subjects and providing a written record of past societies.

💡Inscriptions

Inscriptions are texts or designs that are carved, engraved, or imprinted on hard surfaces like stone or metal. The video explains that inscriptions were used by ancient kings for official orders and to record victories in battles, serving as a tangible record of historical events.

💡Traveling

Traveling refers to the act of moving from one place to another, often over long distances. The script discusses the various reasons people traveled in the past, such as in search of livelihood, to escape natural disasters, for trade, or to spread religion, and how this led to the sharing of ideas and cultural enrichment.

💡Cultural Traditions

Cultural traditions are the customs, beliefs, and practices that are passed down within a culture or society. The video highlights how the movement of people in the past enriched cultural traditions by sharing new ways of carving stones, composing music, and cooking food.

💡Chronology

Chronology is the arrangement of events in the order of their occurrence in time. The script explains the use of BC (Before Christ) and AD (Anno Domini, or 'in the year of our Lord') to denote the time before and after the birth of Jesus Christ, which is fundamental to understanding the timeline of historical events.

💡BCE and CE

BCE stands for 'Before Common Era' and CE stands for 'Common Era,' which are secular terms used in place of BC and AD, respectively. The video mentions these terms to illustrate the modern approach to dating historical events without religious connotations.

Highlights

Introduction to Chapter 1 of Class 6 history focusing on the fundamentals of history.

Exploring the questions 'what', 'where', 'how', and 'when' to understand historical events and lifestyles.

Learning about the past through the lifestyle of different people such as hunters, farmers, rulers, merchants, priests, and scientists.

Geographical distribution of ancient people, including those living along the banks of the Narmada River and the development of agriculture in the Suleiman and Kyoto Hills.

The emergence of the first cities along the banks of the Indus River and the rise of the Magadha Kingdom.

Reasons for people's travel, including search for livelihood, escaping natural disasters, conquests, trade, and spreading religion.

Impact of travel on the sharing of ideas and cultural enrichment.

Different names for the country, including 'India' derived from the Indus River and 'Bharat' from an ancient group of people.

Primary sources of historical information: manuscripts and inscriptions.

Manuscripts as hand-written records on palm leaves or birch tree bark covering various subjects.

Inscriptions as writings on hard surfaces like stone or metal, used for recording royal orders and victories in battles.

Archaeologists' role in studying ancient life through excavation of sites and remains.

Challenges in understanding the lives of ordinary people due to the lack of records kept by them.

Understanding historical timelines with BC (Before Christ), BCE (Before Common Era), AD (Anno Domini), and CE (Common Era).

Conclusion emphasizing the importance of the first chapter as an introduction to history concepts.

Invitation to subscribe to the channel for more history lessons and updates.