12 - IF - ELIF- ELSE (Conditional Statement) Branching - Indonesian Python Tutorial

Summary

In this video, the presenter explains conditional statements in Python programming, covering essential topics like the 'if' statement, 'if-else', 'elif', and 'nested if'. The tutorial demonstrates how to use these concepts for decision-making based on specific conditions, such as determining if a class is full or checking if a student has passed. The video also includes practical examples of how to implement these concepts with Python code, helping viewers understand how to manage multiple conditions and improve their programming skills.

Takeaways

• 😀 Conditional statements in Python help in making decisions based on specific conditions.
• 😀 The `if` statement allows us to execute code only when a condition is true.
• 😀 Ternary operators are a simpler form of conditional statement with only two conditions to check.
• 😀 The `if else` statement provides two possible outcomes: one when the condition is true, and another when it is false.
• 😀 The `elif` statement is used when you need to check multiple conditions, allowing for more than two possible outcomes.
• 😀 Example: A student’s result is determined based on a threshold value (75); if their score is 75 or above, they are 'tuntas' (passed), otherwise, they are 'not tuntas' (failed).
• 😀 `if`, `elif`, and `else` provide a structure for handling more than two conditions, such as assigning grades based on score ranges.
• 😀 Grades are assigned based on specific ranges: 90-100 for grade A, 80-89 for grade B, and so on.
• 😀 Nested `if` statements allow you to check additional conditions within an existing `if`, such as checking if a class is full and if a student is late.
• 😀 Using `else` ensures that if none of the conditions are met, a default action is taken, such as displaying an error message for an invalid input.

Q & A

What is the purpose of conditional statements in Python?

Conditional statements in Python are used to make decisions based on certain conditions, allowing the program to execute different blocks of code depending on whether the condition is true or false.

What is the difference between an 'if' statement and an 'if-else' statement?

An 'if' statement executes a block of code if a condition is true, but does nothing if the condition is false. An 'if-else' statement, on the other hand, executes one block of code if the condition is true and a different block if the condition is false.

How does an 'if-elif-else' statement work?

An 'if-elif-else' statement allows the program to check multiple conditions sequentially. If the first condition (if) is false, it moves to the next condition (elif), and if none of the conditions are true, the 'else' block is executed.

What happens when you input a number less than 75 in the given grade program?

If the number entered is less than 75, the program will print 'Tidak tuntas', indicating that the grade is below the passing threshold.

What is the function of the 'elif' in an 'if-elif-else' structure?

'Elif' stands for 'else if' and allows for checking multiple conditions in sequence. If the 'if' condition is false, the program checks the 'elif' conditions in order. If none are true, the 'else' block is executed.

How can we handle cases where a value inputted is outside of the expected range, like a grade above 100?

You can handle this case by adding an additional 'else' statement that checks if the input is outside of the expected range and prints a message like 'Invalid input' if the value does not meet the criteria.

What is the importance of using 'input()' in the examples?

'input()' is used to gather user input during the program's execution. It allows the user to provide values such as the number of students or grades, which the program then evaluates using conditional statements.

How does the program handle the situation where the number of students is exactly 10?

In the case where the number of students is exactly 10, the program will not print 'Kelas penuh' because the condition 'jumlah_siswa > 10' is not satisfied, and thus no output is shown unless the number is greater than 10.

What is the role of nested 'if' statements, and can you give an example?

Nested 'if' statements allow for more complex decision-making, where one 'if' condition is checked inside another. For example, after checking if the class is full, the program can then check if any students are late by placing another 'if' statement inside.

What will the program print if the number of students is 11 and one student is late?

If the number of students is 11, the program will print 'Kelas penuh'. If a student is also late, the program will print 'Ada siswa yang terlambat'. If there are no late students, it will print 'Tidak ada siswa terlambat'.