SEJARAH SINGKAT KERAJAAN TARUMANEGARA BESERTA RAJA RAJANYA

Summary

The script delves into the rich history of the ancient Tarumanegara Kingdom, one of Indonesia's oldest. Established in 358 CE by Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman, the kingdom thrived in the regions of modern-day Banten, Jakarta, and Bogor. It had significant cultural and religious influence, particularly Hinduism. The script traces the dynasty’s rulers, from Jayasingawarman to the kingdom's eventual decline under Linggawarman. It highlights major artifacts and inscriptions, including the famous Prasasti, which provide insight into the kingdom's legacy. The historical narrative also touches on the eventual division of the kingdom into the Sundanese and Galuh kingdoms, marking a pivotal moment in its history.

Takeaways

• 😀 Tarumanegara was one of the oldest kingdoms in Indonesia, founded in 358 CE by Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman.
• 😀 The kingdom followed Hinduism and succeeded the earlier Salakanegara, shifting the capital to Tarumanegara.
• 😀 The kingdom's territory included modern-day Banten, Jakarta, Bogor, and Cirebon.
• 😀 The name 'Tarumanegara' comes from 'Taruma' (the Citarum river) and 'negara' (kingdom), with the river playing an essential role in the kingdom's identity.
• 😀 The kingdom's ruins, including Batujaya and Cibuaya temples, suggest an advanced civilization that was active in the 4th and 5th centuries.
• 😀 The kingdom is also mentioned in historical Chinese records, including the 414 account by the monk Fa-Hien, who noted that the region was primarily Hindu.
• 😀 Several inscriptions from Tarumanegara have been found, including Ciaruteun and Jambu, which praise King Purnawarman's rule and feature sacred symbols like elephant footprints.
• 😀 King Purnawarman, who ruled from 395 to 434 CE, is particularly famous for moving the capital to Sundapura, marking the birth of the name 'Sunda'.
• 😀 After Purnawarman's reign, the kingdom was ruled by a series of kings, including Wisnuwarman, Indrawarman, and Candrawarman, with the latter emphasizing regional autonomy.
• 😀 Tarumanegara eventually split into two kingdoms, Sunda and Galuh, after the marriage of Tarusbawa (from Sunda) to the princess Sobakancana, leading to the founding of Sriwijaya in 670 CE.

Q & A

What was the Kingdom of Tarumanegara known for?

The Kingdom of Tarumanegara was one of the oldest kingdoms in Indonesia, known for being a Hindu kingdom that was established in 358 CE and for its rich historical legacy, including the spread of Hinduism and the founding of cities such as Sundapura.

Who founded the Kingdom of Tarumanegara?

The Kingdom of Tarumanegara was founded by Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman in 358 CE.

How does the Kingdom of Tarumanegara relate to the Kingdom of Salakanegara?

Tarumanegara was the successor to the Kingdom of Salakanegara. When Tarumanegara was founded, the capital moved from Salakanegara to Tarumanegara, and Salakanegara became a subordinate region under Tarumanegara.

Where was the Kingdom of Tarumanegara located?

The Kingdom of Tarumanegara was located in the regions of Banten, Jakarta, Bogor, and Cirebon in present-day Indonesia.

What does the name 'Tarumanegara' mean?

The name 'Tarumanegara' is derived from two words: 'Taruma,' which refers to the Citarum River in West Java, and 'negara,' which means kingdom or country. Therefore, it roughly translates to 'the Kingdom of Taruma.'

What significant archaeological sites are linked to the Kingdom of Tarumanegara?

Notable archaeological sites linked to the Kingdom of Tarumanegara include the Batujaya and Cibuaya temples near the Citarum River, as well as several inscriptions and prasasti (stone tablets) found across the region.

What is the significance of King Purnawarman in the history of Tarumanegara?

King Purnawarman is one of the most famous rulers of Tarumanegara, known for expanding the kingdom's territory, moving the capital to Sundapura, and leaving numerous inscriptions that praised his reign. He also greatly contributed to the kingdom's prosperity.

What was the relationship between King Purnawarman and the name 'Sunda'?

King Purnawarman is credited with naming the capital of Tarumanegara 'Sundapura' in 397 CE, which eventually led to the creation of the name 'Sunda' to refer to the region, which is still used today.

What were some of the key inscriptions found from the Kingdom of Tarumanegara?

Key inscriptions include the Prasasti Ciaruteun, Prasasti Jambu, and Prasasti Tugu. These inscriptions commemorate the reign of King Purnawarman, his military victories, and religious significance, and were found in various parts of modern-day Jakarta and Bogor.

What happened after the reign of King Linggawarman?

After the reign of King Linggawarman, the Kingdom of Tarumanegara saw its dissolution. His daughters married rulers from other regions, such as Tarusbawa from Sunda and Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa from Srivijaya, which ultimately led to the separation of Tarumanegara into the Kingdom of Sunda and the Kingdom of Galuh.