Cara Kerja Motor Listrik DC
Summary
TLDRThis video script delves into the workings of a Direct Current (DC) electric motor, a common component in various vehicle systems such as cooling fans, starters, wipers, and power windows. It explains the fundamental principle of electromagnetic force, referencing Fleming's left-hand rule to describe the motor's motion in response to electric current and magnetic fields. The script simplifies the concept by illustrating how an electric current flowing through a conductor between magnets results in movement. It further explains the roles of the stator, which generates a magnetic field, and the rotor, which acts as the moving conductor. Additional components like brushes and a commutator are also discussed, highlighting their importance in channeling electricity to the rotating rotor. The script concludes by summarizing how the interaction of magnetic fields causes the rotor to spin, providing a clear and concise explanation of the electric motor's operation.
Takeaways
- đ The script discusses the working principles of DC electric motors, which are widely used in various vehicle components such as cooling fans, starters, wipers, power windows, and more.
- đ§Č The fundamental principle behind electric motors is electromagnetism, explained by Fleming's left-hand rule, which determines the direction of movement of a conductor in a magnetic field when electrified.
- đ The direction of the electric current flow is indicated by the middle finger, the magnetic field direction by the index finger, and the resulting motion direction by the thumb in Fleming's left-hand rule.
- đĄ When a conductor is placed between two magnets with the magnetic field going from north to south and DC current flowing, the conductor moves upwards according to Fleming's rule.
- đ The script explains that by coiling the wire and increasing the magnetic field, the conductor will move in the opposite direction if the coil's center is connected to a commutator.
- đ The rotation of the wire is stabilized by adding more coils, resulting in a stable spinning motion, which is the basis of the motor's operation.
- đ The motor has two main components: the stator, which is the stationary part that generates the magnetic field, and the rotor, which is the moving conductor.
- đ The stator can be made of permanent magnets or electromagnets, while the rotor is the wire that is spun by the magnetic interaction.
- đ Electromagnetic coils are similar to permanent magnets but require an electric current to generate magnetism, which can be achieved by coiling wire around an iron core.
- đ The commutator acts as a connector that channels electricity from the battery's positive and negative terminals to the rotating rotor.
- đ The electric motor operates when current from the battery is directed to both the stator and rotor, creating a magnetic field that causes the rotor to spin.
Q & A
What is the main topic discussed in the video script?
-The main topic discussed in the video script is the working principle of DC electric motors, particularly their application in vehicles and various other components.
What is the Left-Hand Rule mentioned in the script?
-The Left-Hand Rule, also known as Fleming's Left-Hand Rule, is a principle that explains the direction of movement of a conductor carrying an electric current in a magnetic field.
How does the direction of the magnetic field affect the movement of the conductor in a DC electric motor?
-The direction of the magnetic field determines the direction of the conductor's movement. If the magnetic field is from north to south, and DC current is supplied, the conductor will move upwards according to Fleming's Left-Hand Rule.
What are the two main components of a DC electric motor?
-The two main components of a DC electric motor are the stator and the rotor. The stator generates the magnetic field, while the rotor is the moving conductor.
What is the role of the stator in a DC electric motor?
-The stator in a DC electric motor acts as the stationary part that produces the magnetic field, either through permanent magnets or electromagnets.
What is the role of the rotor in a DC electric motor?
-The rotor is the rotating part of the motor, consisting of conductors that, when energized, interact with the magnetic field produced by the stator, causing rotation.
How are electromagnets different from permanent magnets in a DC electric motor?
-Electromagnets require an electric current to generate a magnetic field, unlike permanent magnets which have a constant magnetic field without the need for an external power source.
What is the purpose of the commutator in a DC electric motor?
-The commutator serves as a connector that channels electricity from the battery to the rotor, allowing the rotor to rotate by continuously reversing the direction of the current.
How does the motor achieve a stable rotation?
-A stable rotation is achieved by adding more coils and using a commutator to ensure that the direction of the current in the rotor is consistently adjusted to maintain rotation against the magnetic field.
What is the significance of the electric current flowing through the coils in the stator?
-The electric current flowing through the coils in the stator generates a magnetic field, which is essential for the interaction with the rotor and the resulting motion of the motor.
What additional insight does the script provide about the practical application of DC electric motors?
-The script provides insight into how DC electric motors work in various vehicle components such as cooling fans, starters, wipers, power windows, and more, highlighting their widespread use.
Outlines
đ Understanding DC Electric Motors
This paragraph introduces the topic of how electric motors work, specifically focusing on DC motors which are widely used in various vehicle components such as cooling fans, starters, wipers, power windows, and more. It explains the fundamental principle behind electric motors, which is the electromagnetic force described by Fleming's left-hand rule. This rule states that a conductor carrying an electric current in a magnetic field will experience a force, and the direction of this force can be determined by the orientation of the current and the magnetic field. The paragraph uses a simple demonstration with a wire between two magnets to illustrate how the wire moves when an electric current is applied, and how this motion can be harnessed to create a rotating motion in a motor.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄElectric Motor
đĄDC Motor
đĄElectromagnetism
đĄFleming's Left-Hand Rule
đĄStator
đĄRotor
đĄMagnetic Field
đĄPermanent Magnet
đĄElectromagnet
đĄSolenoid
đĄCommutator
Highlights
Introduction to the discussion of how motors, specifically electric motors, work in the context of various vehicle components.
Explanation of DC electric motors as a common type used in vehicles for cooling fans, starters, wipers, power windows, and more.
Simplification of the working principle of DC electric motors through basic concepts.
Reference to the 'left-hand rule' or Fleming's rule, which explains the motion of a conductor in a magnetic field when electrified.
Demonstration of the direction of electric current flow and magnetic field orientation affecting the movement of the conductor.
Illustration of how a wire placed between two magnets moves due to the DC current and magnetic field direction.
Expansion on the concept by increasing the size of the magnets and changing the wire to a coil to observe the motion.
Introduction of the stator and rotor as the two main components of an electric motor, with the stator generating a stationary magnetic field.
Description of the rotor as the conductive wire that is enlarged and interacts with the magnetic field to rotate.
Differentiation between permanent magnets and electromagnets, explaining how electric current can create magnetism.
Explanation of the coil magnetic's structure, including its ability to transform iron into a magnet with electric current.
Introduction of brushes as connectors that channel electricity from the battery to the rotating rotor.
Description of the process where electric current from the battery is split to the stator and rotor, creating motion.
Conclusion that the electric motor operates by the interaction of the magnetic fields generated by the stator and rotor.
Emphasis on the educational value of understanding the inner workings of electric motors for practical applications.
Encouragement for viewers to subscribe for more informative content on similar topics.
Closing with a reminder for the next video and a musical cue to signal the end of the current video.
Transcripts
hai hai semua balik lagi di autosport
hari ini kita akan bahas Bagaimana motor
listrik itu bekerja sekedar informasi
motor listrik DC merupakan jenis motor
yang banyak sekali digunakan pada
kendaraan dari kipas pendingin motor
starter wiper power window dan masih
banyak lainnya lalu Bagaimana prinsip
kerjanya proses yang terjadi di dalam
motor listrik DC itu seperti apa Nah
kita akan bahas sesimpel mungkin kalau
kita cari referensi tentang motor
listrik kita bakal menemukan ternyata
motor listrik itu ada banyak jenisnya
tapi dari semua jenis motor listrik yang
ada semuanya punya prinsip yang sama
yakni gaya elektromagnetik ada sebuah
teori yang namanya kaidah tangan kiri
Fleming kaidah tersebut menjelaskan
ketika sebuah penghantar yang dialiri
arus listrik berada di tengah medan
magnet maka penghantar tersebut akan
bergerak ke arah yang bisa ditentukan
Hai seperti yang Anda lihat jari tengah
menunjukkan arah arus listrik yang
mengaliri penghantar jari telunjuk
menunjukkan arah medan magnet sementara
ibu jari akan menunjukkan kemana arah
penghantar tersebut bergerak JAdi misal
Saya punya kawat penghantar yang saya
letakkan di antara dua magnet kemana
arah Medan magnetnya ke kiri karena
medan magnet itu dari utara ke selatan
lalu saya alirkan arus DC menjauhi layar
maka kemana kawat penghantar tersebut
bergerak ke atas sesuai kaidah Fleming
sekarang kita perbesar magnetnya dan
ganti kawat penghantarnya seperti pada
gambar bisa kita lihat sekarang aliran
listrik mengalir memutari penghantar
akibatnya kawat penghantar akan bergerak
dengan arah yang berlawanan kalau bagian
senter kawat kita pinkant ke sebuah
poros
dan bagian kontaknya kita ubah jadi
seperti ini Apa yang terjadi kawat itu
akan berputar Meskipun putarannya tidak
stabil agar lebih stabil kita tambahkan
lebih banyak kawan jadi hasilnya akan
seperti ini sekarang putarannya sudah
stabil bukan sekarang kita aplikasikan
ini pada motor listrik ada dua komponen
utama pada motor listrik yaitu stator
dan rotor stator itu penghasil magnet
yang diam sementara rotor adalah kawat
penghantar yang diperbesar stator bisa
berupa magnet permanen atau file
magnetic koil magnetic sendiri pada
dasarnya sama seperti magnet permanen
tapi koil magnetic perlu arus listrik
supaya ada magnetnya bentuk coil
magnetic itu seperti ini ada kumparan
yang melilit inti besi saat kumparan itu
kita Al
distrik maka magnet akan terbentuk
dengan kata lain dengan cara ini kita
bisa mengubah besi menjadi magnet dengan
mengalirkan arus listrik Lalu ada
komponen tambahan bernama sikat sikat
ini seperti konektor yang menyalurkan
listrik rotor ada dua sikap yang
masing-masing menyalurkan listrik dari
terminal positif dan negatif baterai
melalui sikat itu arus dari baterai bisa
disambungkan ke rotor yang berputar Jadi
kesimpulannya motor listrik bekerja saat
ada arus masuk dari baterai harus
tersebut dicabangkan ke stator melalui
koneksi langsung dan ke rotor melalui
sikap akibatnya baik stator dan rotor
menghasilkan magnet dan kemagnetan itu
membuat rotor berputar Nah itulah yang
terjadi di dalam motor listrik proses
yang kasat mata tapi masih bisa kita
pelajari jangan lupa subscribe dan
sampai jumpa pada video berikutnya dan
hai hai
[Musik]
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