The Future of Education | Yılmaz Köylü | TEDxEdUHK
Summary
TLDRThe speaker discusses the impact of artificial intelligence on education and the workforce, emphasizing the importance of developing AI-proof skills in students. They highlight the need for cognitive, metacognitive, social, and practical skills, and stress the value of being human by leveraging unique human abilities. The talk explores how learning languages and creating new ones can enhance analytical and creative thinking, and the speaker calls for educators to prepare students to harness their core human skills to face global challenges.
Takeaways
- 🌆 The speaker wakes up to a view of Hong Kong's bustling student life, reflecting on the impact of AI on education.
- 🤖 Recent technological advancements in AI, such as GPT-4 and Dolly, are revolutionizing education with their capabilities in text, image, audio, and video generation.
- 📚 AI models like GPT-4 can generate content, but they lack creativity and common sense, as illustrated by the MTR line example in Hong Kong.
- 🎨 AI can mimic artistic styles, as demonstrated by the image generator creating art in the styles of Van Gogh and Salvador Dali.
- 📝 UNESCO and Sal Khan have outlined the educational uses of GPT-4, including personal tutoring and teaching assistance.
- 💡 The speaker emphasizes the need for educators to ensure students are 'AI-proof' by developing resilience and human skills that AI cannot replicate.
- 🌟 The OECD and the World Economic Forum both highlight the importance of cognitive, metacognitive, social, and practical skills in education.
- 🚀 The top five skills sought by employers, and necessary for being AI-proof, are analytical thinking, creative thinking, resilience, flexibility, and motivation.
- 🌍 Learning languages can enhance analytical and creative thinking, and contribute to understanding diverse cultural perspectives.
- 🌐 The loss of linguistic diversity is a global issue, with UNESCO estimating a 90% reduction in the world's languages over the next 75 years.
- 📖 The speaker's experience in teaching linguistics through project-based learning demonstrates the potential for creativity and analytical thinking in language creation.
Q & A
What is the speaker's concern about the impact of artificial intelligence on students?
-The speaker is concerned about how recent technological developments, especially in AI, will affect the daily lives and education of students.
What are some AI tools mentioned in the transcript that are being used in education?
-The AI tools mentioned include GPT-4, Palm 2, Microsoft co-pilots, Dolly, Adobe Firefly, and mid-journey.
What limitations does the speaker highlight about AI models like GPT-4?
-The speaker points out that AI models cannot be creative or use common sense, and they can only regurgitate information already available on the internet.
How does the speaker demonstrate the capabilities of AI in image generation?
-The speaker created drawings of an Asian woman in the styles of Van Gogh and Salvador Dali using an image generator AI, showcasing the AI's ability to mimic artistic styles.
What does the speaker mean by being 'AI proof'?
-Being 'AI proof' means being resilient and immune to being replaced by AI in the future, which requires capitalizing on human skills that cannot be easily replicated by AI.
Which skills does the OECD emphasize as crucial in education?
-The OECD emphasizes cognitive, metacognitive, social, and practical skills as crucial in education.
What are the five skills that the World Economic Forum suggests employers seek most?
-The five skills are analytical thinking, creative thinking, resilience, flexibility, and agility, motivation and self-awareness, curiosity, and lifelong learning.
How does the speaker propose to improve analytical and creative thinking skills?
-The speaker suggests learning new languages and creating a language from scratch as ways to improve analytical and creative thinking skills.
What was the outcome of the linguistics class project at Case Western Reserve University?
-Students created their own alien languages, which improved their analytical thinking skills and sparked their creativity, as evidenced by their questionnaire responses.
Why is linguistic diversity important, and what is at risk if it is lost?
-Linguistic diversity is important because languages are a window into human cognition, history, and culture. Losing a language means losing the associated cognition, culture, and traditions.
How does the speaker conclude their talk?
-The speaker concludes by urging the audience to consider what makes them truly human and how they can harness those skills to be AI proof and address global challenges.
Outlines
🤖 AI's Impact on Education and Jobs
The speaker discusses the influence of AI on education, particularly in Hong Kong, and how it affects students' daily lives. The script mentions AI technologies like GPT-4, Palm 2, and Microsoft co-pilots, highlighting their capabilities in text, image, and data generation. The speaker emphasizes the limitations of AI, such as the inability to be creative or use common sense, using a Hong Kong MTR example. The content also touches on AI's potential to replace human jobs, with Goldman Sachs predicting 18% of global work could be automated by AI, and Hong Kong having the highest automation potential at 30%. The speaker argues that educators must prepare students to be 'AI-proof', resilient against the future impact of AI.
🌟 Human Skills in the AI Era
The speaker explains the importance of human skills that AI cannot replicate, as outlined by the OECD and the World Economic Forum. These skills include cognitive, metacognitive, social, and practical abilities. The speaker identifies five key skills for the workplace: analytical thinking, creative thinking, resilience, flexibility, and motivation, along with self-awareness, curiosity, and lifelong learning. The speaker stresses the need to foster these skills in education, regardless of the subject matter, to prepare students for a future where AI is prevalent.
🌐 Language Learning and Creativity
The speaker shares personal experiences with language learning and its benefits for analytical and creative thinking. They discuss the importance of understanding linguistic diversity and the potential loss of languages, which equates to losing cognitive, cultural, and historical knowledge. The speaker's own teaching experience at Case Western Reserve University is highlighted, where students created their own languages, showcasing their creativity and analytical skills. The speaker emphasizes the need to preserve linguistic diversity and the role of educators in helping students develop skills that AI cannot replicate.
🚀 Becoming AI-Proof
The speaker concludes by challenging the audience to consider their own AI-proof qualities. They stress the urgency of becoming AI literate and leveraging core human skills that AI cannot replicate. The speaker calls for educators to ensure students are not only AI literate but also capable of harnessing their uniquely human abilities to address global challenges. The speaker ends with a call to action, asking the audience to complete a sentence that reflects their personal human qualities that make them irreplaceable by technology or AI.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Artificial Intelligence (AI)
💡Technological Developments
💡Educational AI
💡AI Proof
💡Human Skills
💡Cognitive Skills
💡Metacognitive Skills
💡Social Skills
💡Practical Skills
💡Linguistic Diversity
💡Lifelong Learning
Highlights
The speaker wakes up to a view of Hong Kong's bustling student life, reflecting on the impact of AI on education.
Artificial intelligence revolution in education includes advancements like GPT-4, Palm 2, and various AI tools.
AI models can perform incredible tasks but lack creativity and common sense, as exemplified by a tourist navigation scenario.
The speaker demonstrates AI's capabilities in image generation, creating art in the style of Van Gogh and Salvador Dali.
UNESCO and Sal Khan have outlined the educational uses of GPT-4, including personal tutoring and teaching assistance.
AI's potential to automate work tasks, with Goldman Sachs estimating 18% of global work could be automated by AI.
Hong Kong has the highest percentage of jobs at risk of automation, at about 30%.
The speaker advocates for making students 'AI-proof' by fostering resilience and human skills that AI cannot replicate.
The OECD and World Economic Forum emphasize the importance of cognitive, metacognitive, social, and practical skills.
Five key skills for the future workplace are analytical thinking, creative thinking, resilience, flexibility, and motivation.
The speaker shares personal experiences of teaching linguistics by having students create their own languages.
Creating a language from scratch enhances students' analytical and creative thinking skills.
Language learning and creation contribute to understanding diverse cultural perceptions and improve cognitive abilities.
The speaker emphasizes the importance of preserving linguistic diversity, which is at risk of significant loss.
The speaker concludes by challenging the audience to consider what makes them human in the face of AI advancements.
The talk concludes with a call to action for educators to ensure students are AI literate and capitalize on their unique human skills.
Transcripts
foreign
District in Hong Kong and this is the
view that I wake up to every morning as
I prepare to go to work every day I see
thousands of students walking around and
running around in the schoolyard and I
cannot help but wonder how the recent
technological developments particularly
in artificial intelligence are going to
impact the lives of thousands of
students every day this is because
recently we are going through an
artificial intelligence revolution in
education we have gpt4 we have Palm 2
Microsoft co-pilots Dolly to Adobe
Firefly and mid-journey and these can do
incredible things with text Generation
image generation audio video and
synthetic data generation using gpt4 for
example you can write a book for example
in a matter of days and you can create
images
how many of you have a fear that in the
future what you are doing now may be
replaced by artificial intelligence
and I see some hands so all those
artificial intelligence models what they
can do is to regurgitate whatever there
is already on the internet they cannot
be creative they cannot use common sense
let me give you an example from Hong
Kong suppose you're a tourist you are
just visiting Hong Kong and you are in
the Jordan station which is on the red
line over here and you want to go to
mongkok East which is on the blue line
there right you ask gpt4 which MTR line
should I take from Jordan to mongkok
East it will probably give you two
options one option would be to take the
South Route and the other option would
be to take the north round right
but if you just use your common sense
common sense and creativity you would
know that actually you know what I don't
have to take the train there I can just
walk there nevertheless these language
models can do amazing and incredible
things
uh this is
some content that I created uh using
um an image generator AI right I just
asked it to create a drawing of an Asian
woman in the style of Van Gogh and this
is what I got and I asked it to create
another image of an Asian woman in the
style of Salvador Dali and this is what
I got and you can see some resemblance
here right to Salvador Dali paintings
the things in the sky what the woman is
holding the bird so
this is incredible but it's still an
amalgamation of whatever we can find
already whatever already exists on the
internet
recently United Nations educational
scientific and cultural organization
UNESCO released a document outlining how
gpt4 particularly can be used in
education Sal Khan recently gave a TED
Talk actually outlining how gpt4 and
other large language models can be used
there are so many uses actually but the
two main uses are
um gpt4 being used as a personal tutor
by each student and it's being used by a
teaching assistant by each teacher right
so teachers can use gpt4 they can input
student work and they can get personal
feedback for each student work so you
don't have to read things anymore if
you're a teacher but we still have to
actually there are so many other users
you can use it as a guide you can use it
as a motivator or a study buddy right
and because gpt4 and other large
language models can be used in education
and they have so many uses this also has
implications for work because there are
so many examples of AI exposed work
activity what it means is that there are
so many examples of work that can be
completed by artificial intelligence
tools and that obviates a human being
there so we don't need a human to do
those repetitive tasks for us anymore
and because of this reason Goldman Sachs
recently released a report in 2023 and
they are argue that globally 18 of work
could be automated by artificial
intelligence and very interestingly the
percentage for Automation in Hong Kong
is about 30 percent it's the highest in
the world so it means that a lot of
people will be losing their jobs
to automation
so then what do we do as Educators
because I can see that some students
don't see the value of Education anymore
they are questioning why do they even
have to attend classes anymore right
in this talk I want to argue that there
is one and only one thing that we need
to do as Educators and that is to make
sure that our students are AI proof
what do I mean by being AI proof it's an
adjective that means
being resilient being immune so that we
will not be replaced by AI in the future
we will not be negatively impacted by
artificial intelligence in the future
but being AI proof also requires us to
be human what do I mean by being human I
mean using and capitalizing on our human
skills
that cannot be easily replicated by
artificial intelligence right
now I want to talk about those specific
skills according to the organization for
economic and cooperation developments
oecd
the most crucial skills that we need to
pay attention to in education are
cognitive and metacognitive social and
practical skills
the world economic Forum has a similar
take on the skills required for students
and these are cognitive social and
physical skills
and very recently the world economic
Forum released their future of jobs
report they also argue that in the
workplace these are the five skills that
the employers um
seek for the most and these are
analytical thinking creative thinking
resilience flexibility and Agility
motivation and self-awareness curiosity
and lifelong learning and I argue that
these are the five skills that we also
have to try to Foster in our classes
irrespective of what we are teaching
what content we are teaching let's look
at a definition for each of those what
is analytical thinking for example it's
the ability to systematically and
logically work through an issue
what about creative thinking it's
finding novel and practical ways to
address challenges
what about resilience it's the ability
to recover from setbacks and I have
something special to say about Brazilian
sometimes I see among my students that
they do not have that much resilience
they don't have that much confidence
because they think that their English is
not that good enough well let me tell
you one thing
fluency in English is not an indicator
of intelligence
and pronunciation in English is not an
indicator of intelligence what about
flexibility it's the ability to change
to suit new conditions now we have large
language models and artificial
intelligence what is next month what is
next year what awaits us right so we
have to be ready agility is the ability
to think and draw conclusions quickly
motivation is being able to initiate and
maintain goal-oriented behaviors
self-awareness having conscious
knowledge of one's own character and
abilities strengths and weaknesses
curiosity we should be
we should be eager to learn we should
have an eager desire to learn and
lifelong learning finally it's an
ongoing voluntary and self-motivated
pursuit of knowledge we have to let our
students know that learning is not just
limited to classroom environments
learning is a lifelong process right
so how can we improve all those skills
that make us truly human that cannot be
easily replicated by artificial
intelligence well language learning is
one way
for example I'm Turkish and I can assure
you that if you study Turkish and if you
learn Turkish you'll be more analytical
why because you you have to analyze such
sentences all the time
this is just one word but in English
it's a full sentence why because it
means meet meh is the negation yeah is
the future marker Larry is the third
person plural me is the question and D
is the past tense morphine
so if you're doing this whole time while
you're learning a language be Turkish or
another language of course you'll be
more analytical
let me give you an example from my own
Cantonese learning experience I'm really
interested in learning more and more
expressions in Cantonese and recently I
came across the saying
I hope you don't mind mine my horrible
Cantonese
intonation and tones
literally means
thank you so much literally means you're
finally getting married today right so I
was thinking about this expression
because literally the expression in red
means shutting the Skylight so why
should it mean to get married this
opened up New Horizons for me because we
don't have such an expression in English
or in Turkish let me ask you a question
what is the sound that a cat makes in
Cantonese
meow what about the sound that a dog
makes in Cantonese
okay
so let's let's look cross-linguistically
the variation of those nature sounds we
call onomatopoeia in linguistics in
English a dog barking is Bow Wow
in German it's
wow wow French is Spanish is wow wow
Hebrew is how how
Hindi is Bobo
Mandarin is Wang Wang Japanese is one
one and Greek Greek is
and in a cat meowing it's kind of
similar across the board it's meow but
interestingly it's Japanese it's meow
and in crickets meow
right it's more nasal so learning new
languages
is a way to understand how individuals
with different languages and cultural
backgrounds perceive the world
differently and of course learning
different languages make us more
analytical and creative because it opens
up New Horizons for us
let me tell you another way how we can
be more analytical and creative let me
give you an example from my own teaching
experience in 2019 I was teaching at
Case Western Reserve University in
Cleveland Ohio and I was supposed to
teach a Linguistics class
my students didn't seem too interested
in linguistics
so I had to motivate them right what I
did I said okay what we are going to do
is we are going to make this class a
project-based class first I'm going to
teach you more about Linguistics
subfields of linguistics like phonetics
phonology morphology syntax and
semantics and pragmatics and then I'm
going to have you create a language from
scratch students were really puzzled at
the idea of creating a language from
scratch they're like how on Earth am I
going to create a language you are crazy
they said
but I gave them an example and I said
you know what Suppose there is a movie
and here is a movie poster a movie is
called case Clause because it was case
vessel Reserve University and I said
okay you're supposed to create a
language an alien language for this
movie just like the navi language in
Avatar or Klingon in Star Trek or Elvish
language in um Lord of the Rings right
and students did amazing work they use
their creativity and they did amazing
work look at this one so this student
created an alphabet they create a
language and they named it eagle and
they created an alphabets so these are
the International Phonetic symbols and
this these are the symbols that the
student created for their writing
systems so this is
you get the idea
and this student came up with a system
whereby
words appeared in peripheral shapes
based on the parts of the speech for
example verbs appeared in squares like
run
it appears in a square
adjectives and adverbs appeared in
triangles
and names
nouns and pronouns appeared in circles
look at the word and because it's a
connector conjunction it doesn't have a
peripheral shape right so this was kind
of fascinating and mind-blowing and this
student came up with some vocabulary
items that were really interesting like
pretty but fragile it's EU Maisha
and only in daydreaming or Out Of Reach
and these are the symbols that the
student came up with
yet another student created a language
and they called it quat
and this student told me that they were
studying chemistry and they were really
fascinated by chemical structures and
they used those chemical structures to
create an orthography a writing system
for their language
and this is what they created
and look at the consonants that they
created look at per for example and
they look very similar but they are
distinct right yet another student
create a language and they named it
logon
because it's a logogram a logogram is a
language where the symbols represent
real life objects and the student said
these morphemes are examples of a
logogram and resemble the process of
writing for the verb form of rain all
here represents the Sun and this curvy
line and the straight line under that
represents the cloud and these vertical
lines represent the raindrops you see
how rain as a verb is more Dynamic than
rain as a noun
that was also very interesting
and this student created some vocabulary
items I want you to look at the word
animal and animals animal as a singular
it doesn't have a full circle at the
bottom animals as a plural it has a full
circle at the bottom so you see the
creativity in the language system that
the student created right and I want you
to look at the word animals and flowers
and I want you to look at the word bees
because animals and flowers you combine
them you get bees so in the language
that this student created flowers sorry
bees are basically animal flowers right
another student came up with the
language they named it cantarin actually
they didn't create a language they
created a writing system for Cantonese
they were a Cantonese speaker they told
me that they found Cantonese orthography
very difficult traditional Chinese
orthography and they create a new
writing system for Cantonese look at
this so they said okay this could be and
this could be per and this could be um
and it goes on like that
and look at these words for example Lei
ho this is the traditional Chinese
orthography and the student created this
a simplified orthography for Cantonese
and look at joygin the second one so at
the end of the course I gave students a
questionnaire to see whether they like
the course and whether they were able to
master the contents
the results show that not only were the
students able to master the content of
linguistics but they were also having a
lot of fun in the cree in the creation
of their languages and the questionnaire
also showed that students were able to
improve their analytical thinking skills
because a lot of students either
strongly agreed or agreed with the
statement
so why am I talking about
learning languages and creating a
language as a way to improve our
analytical and creative thinking skills
and motivation why
it's because we are losing linguistic
diversity in the world that's why and
that's a major major Global issue that
we are facing
according to UNESCO there are about 6
000 languages in the world and we are
going to lose about 90 of all those
languages in the next 75 years
but languages are a window into human
cognition history and culture
when we lose a language we're not just
losing a language we are losing the
cognition culture and all the Traditions
that come along with a language
now I want to ask you are you AI proof
because tomorrow is too late to AI prove
ourselves
to be AI proof as Educators we have to
make sure that we help our students to
be AI literate but we also need to make
sure that we help them to capitalize on
their core human skills that cannot be
replicated by AI
ending my talk I want you to complete
the sentence I won't be replaced by
technology or AI because
and in completing this sentence I want
you to think of what truly makes you
human
because only by harnessing those skills
that truly make us human can we address
major Global challenges
thank you
foreign
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