Lesson 1 | Oral Communication | Nature and Elements of Communication

Summary

Teacher Marky's video script delves into the intricacies of effective oral communication. It defines communication as a dynamic, systemic process involving sharing and conveying messages across various channels and cultures. The script outlines key characteristics like being irreversible and proactive, and highlights the importance of symbolic interaction and individual interpretation. The nine elements of communication, including the speaker, message, encoding, channel, decoding, and feedback, are discussed, along with the impact of context and barriers on successful communication. The video encourages viewers to reflect on their own experiences with smooth or challenging communication.

Takeaways

• 🗣️ Communication is the process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across various channels, contexts, media, and cultures.
• 🔄 The nature of communication is dynamic, ever-changing and moving, influenced by people, situations, language, and other elements.
• 🌐 Communication is systemic, consisting of interrelated parts and elements that work together to form a whole.
• 👥 It involves stakeholders or communicators, emphasizing the importance of both the sender and receiver in the communication process.
• ⏳ Communication is irreversible; once a message is sent, it cannot be taken back, highlighting the importance of careful messaging.
• 💡 Proactive communication is influenced by an individual's physical, psychological, emotional, and mental state, affecting their decision to communicate.
• 📜 Communication is symbolic interaction, using language and symbols to convey meaning.
• 🧠 Meaning in communication is individually construed, with interpretation influenced by personal experiences, beliefs, attitudes, values, and culture.
• 🔑 Successful communication relies on nine key elements: the speaker, message, encoding, medium/channel, decoding, feedback, context, barriers, and noise.
• 🔍 The context of communication is crucial, as it can affect the approach needed and the smoothness of the communication process.
• 🚧 Barriers such as noise and connectivity issues can disrupt communication, making it essential to consider and mitigate these factors for effective communication.

Q & A

What is the origin of the word 'communication' according to the script?

The word 'communication' comes from the Latin word 'communis', which means working together.

What does McCormack define communication as in 2014?

McCormack defines communication as the process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and cultures.

What are the key characteristics of communication mentioned in the script?

The key characteristics of communication are that it is dynamic, systemic, involves stakeholders, is irreversible, proactive, symbolic interaction, and that meaning is individually construed.

How does the script describe the communication process as a dynamic process?

The script describes communication as a dynamic process because it is ever changing and ever moving, influenced by factors such as people, situations, language elements, and more.

What does the script say about the role of the speaker in the communication process?

The speaker is the main source of information or the message, and they encode the message into words, actions, and other understandable forms for transmission.

What is the encoding process in communication?

The encoding process is when the speaker converts the message into a form that can be understood by the recipient, such as words, actions, or other symbols.

What is the role of the channel in the communication process?

The channel is the medium through which the encoded message is conveyed, which can be personal or non-personal, verbal or non-verbal.

What is the decoding process in communication?

The decoding process is when the receiver interprets and makes meaning out of the message that has been relayed.

What is feedback in the context of communication?

Feedback in communication is any reaction, response, comment, or suggestion provided by the recipient in return to the message.

How does the script define the context in communication?

The context refers to the specific environment, condition, or situation where communication happens, which can affect the approach and flow of communication.

What are some examples of barriers to communication mentioned in the script?

Examples of barriers to communication mentioned in the script include noise, such as a classroom full of talking students, and connectivity issues, like an interrupted telephone signal.

Outlines

00:00

🗣️ Introduction to Communication

The video script introduces the topic of oral communication and its importance in daily life. The speaker, Teacher Marky, outlines the purpose of the video: to define communication, explore its nature, and explain the process and elements involved. Communication is described as a dynamic, systemic, and interactive process that involves sharing information across various channels and cultures. The script emphasizes that communication is ever-changing and involves multiple stakeholders who interpret messages based on their unique experiences and cultural backgrounds.

05:04

🌐 The Elements of Communication

This paragraph delves into the specific elements of communication, starting with the speaker as the source of information. The message, which can encompass ideas, thoughts, feelings, or emotions, is encoded by the speaker into a form that can be understood by others. This encoded message is then transmitted through a chosen medium or channel, which may include verbal and non-verbal cues. Upon receipt, the message undergoes decoding by the recipient, who interprets and provides feedback. The context of communication is highlighted as a critical factor that can influence the effectiveness of the exchange. Barriers such as noise and connectivity issues are identified as potential disruptors to successful communication. The paragraph concludes by encouraging viewers to reflect on their own experiences with both effective and ineffective communication.

Keywords

💡Communication

Communication is the central theme of the video and is defined as the process of sharing and conveying messages or information from one person to another. It is integral to the video's narrative, illustrating how it happens in various forms and contexts, such as face-to-face or virtually. The script uses communication as a dynamic process that is ever changing, involving encoding, decoding, and feedback.

💡Dynamic Process

The term 'dynamic process' in the script refers to the ever-changing nature of communication, influenced by factors like people, situations, and language elements. It underscores how communication is not static but evolves with the interplay of various elements, as exemplified by the video's discussion on the fluidity of communication.

💡Systemic

Systemic is used to describe communication as a structured system composed of interrelated parts and elements. The script explains that all elements of communication work together to form a cohesive whole, emphasizing the interconnectedness required for successful communication.

💡Stakeholders

In the context of the video, stakeholders are the communicators or parties involved in the communication process. The script highlights the importance of both the speaker and the receiver in sending and receiving messages simultaneously for successful communication to occur.

💡Irreversible

The script mentions that communication is irreversible, meaning once a message is communicated, it cannot be taken back. This concept is crucial as it speaks to the permanence of certain communications and the importance of careful messaging.

💡Proactive

Proactive communication, as discussed in the script, is influenced by an individual's physical, psychological, emotional, and mental makeup. It refers to the deliberate choice to engage in communication, highlighting the active role individuals play in the process.

💡Symbolic Interaction

Symbolic interaction in the script describes the use of language and symbols in communication. Humans use these symbols, which carry various meanings, to interact with one another, as emphasized by the video's discussion on the role of language in communication.

💡Individual Construal

Individual construal refers to the unique interpretation of messages by each person involved in communication. The script points out that meaning is individually construed, influenced by one's experiences, beliefs, attitudes, values, and culture, which adds a layer of complexity to the communication process.

💡Encoding

Encoding is the process by which the speaker converts a message into a form that can be understood by the recipient. The script explains that this is a crucial step in communication, where the speaker translates thoughts into words or actions that can be conveyed through a channel.

💡Decoding

Decoding is the counterpart to encoding and involves the recipient's interpretation of the message. The script describes this as the process where the receiver makes meaning out of the message received, which is essential for understanding and responding to communication.

💡Feedback

Feedback in the script is described as any reaction, response, comment, or suggestion provided by the recipient. It is a key element in communication, allowing the sender to understand if the message has been received and understood as intended.

💡Context

Context is the environment, condition, or situation in which communication occurs. The script uses examples such as a noisy classroom or a telephone conversation with a poor signal to illustrate how context can affect the flow and success of communication.

💡Barriers

Barriers in the script refer to the factors that can hinder effective communication, such as noise or connectivity issues. The video discusses how these barriers can disrupt the communication process, leading to misunderstandings or miscommunication.

Highlights

Communication is a dynamic process that is ever changing and involves various factors such as people, situations, and language elements.

The word 'communication' originates from the Latin 'communis', meaning working together.

McCormack's definition of communication as a process of sharing and conveying messages from one person to another across various channels and cultures.

Communication is systemic, consisting of interrelated parts and elements that form a whole.

Stakeholders in communication are the communicators or parties involved in the process, emphasizing the need for simultaneous sending and receiving of messages.

Communication is irreversible; once something is communicated, it cannot be taken back.

The proactive nature of communication is influenced by an individual's physical, psychological, emotional, and mental makeup.

Communication is symbolic interaction where language and symbols with assigned meanings are used to interact with one another.

Meaning in communication is individually construed, influenced by unique experiences, beliefs, attitudes, values, and culture.

There are nine key elements in communication, including the speaker, message, encoding, medium/channel, decoding, and feedback.

The speaker is the main source of information or message, which can include ideas, thoughts, feelings, or emotions.

The encoding process involves converting the message into words, actions, or other understandable forms.

The medium or channel can be personal or non-personal, verbal or non-verbal, and is crucial for conveying the encoded message.

Decoding is the process where the receiver interprets and makes meaning out of the received message.

Feedback in communication is any reaction, response, comment, or suggestion provided by the recipient.

Context is an essential aspect of communication, referring to the environment, condition, or situation where communication takes place.

Barriers such as noise and connectivity issues can affect the flow of communication and lead to miscommunication.

Successful communication requires all elements to interact smoothly and seamlessly for understanding and success.

Missing or overlooked elements in communication can result in failure to convey the intended message.

Transcripts

are you a student or someone who is

trying to learn about oral communication

or perhaps you're just curious to know

how a successful communication happens

hi

i'm teacher marky

and this video is perfect for you

[Music]

[Music]

communication is one of those things

that people find easy to talk about

because

well we communicate every day

we talk with our brothers and sisters

with our parents

and other family members friends or even

with ourselves

and we do this face to face

and sometimes virtually

that's how amazing communication is

today's short lecture will focus on

three things

the definition of communication

the nature of communication

and the process and elements of

communication

let's get started

for starters let's define communication

what really is communication

well communication has been defined by

various experts in the academic arena

but did you know that the word

communication actually comes from the

latin word communis

which means working together

one particular definition that stands

out is that of mccormack's in 2014

he's the gentleman on your screen

he says that

communication is the process of sharing

and conveying messages or information

from one person to another within and

across channels

contexts

media and cultures

so to better understand communication it

would be helpful to know its nature and

characteristics

according to various experts in the

communication field

communication has different

characteristics and nature

first off

communication is a dynamic process

meaning

it is ever changing and ever moving

factors such as people situations

language elements and many more may

contribute to such changes

next is

communication is systemic

it consists of parts and elements that

make up its whole

and all of these elements interrelate

with one another to make the system work

another characteristic is communication

involves

when i say stakeholders i mean

communicators or the parties involved in

the communication process

this simply means that in order for a

successful communication to happen

both the speaker and the receiver should

send and receive messages simultaneously

another important nature of

communication is that it is irreversible

if something has already been

communicated

communicators have no way to go forward

and they move from one specific moment

to the next

that's why we can't take back the words

that we've already said

next communication is proactive

how we interact with one another is

greatly influenced by our own physical

psychological emotional and mental

makeup

we decide whether we want to communicate

or not

next is

communication is a symbolic interaction

communicators use language which is made

up of symbols

which are assigned with many different

meanings

as humans we primarily use those to

interact with one another

and lastly

in communication

meaning is individually or uniquely

construed

each of us interprets what we see

read or hear differently

how we assign meanings is heavily

influenced by our unique experiences

beliefs attitudes values and culture

now that we know what communication

means

let's talk about its different elements

and how they work together to achieve

successful communication

generally speaking

communication has nine key elements

the speaker which is the main source of

information or the message

a message could be any piece of

information ideas

thoughts feelings or emotions that the

speaker wants to convey

the message then goes through the

encoding process in which the speaker

converts the message into words actions

and other understandable forms

the encoded message is then conveyed

through a medium or a channel

which can be personal or non-personal

verbal or non-verbal

once a channel has been decided and the

message has been sent to the recipient

the decoding process takes place

the receiver of the message interprets

and makes meaning out of the message

that has been relayed

in return the recipient provides

feedback

which could be any reaction response

comment or suggestion

another important thing to consider when

communicating is the context

this refers to the specific environment

condition

or situation where communication happens

different contexts require different

approaches

and there are instances wherein

communication does not and could not

flow as smoothly as the communicators

would want it to

imagine a student trying to listen and

understand a lecture being delivered by

his teacher in a classroom packed with

50 other students who are talking at the

same time

or

perhaps a telephone conversation being

interrupted by an intermittent signal

these factors affecting the flow of

communication are called

barriers noise and connectivity issues

are perfect examples of barriers

communicating with someone is as easy as

it is challenging

as shown in the illustration successful

communication

often requires all the elements to

interact smoothly and seamlessly to

achieve understanding and success

one

or a couple of elements missing or

overlooked could mean failure in getting

your message across

now i want you to look back and think of

a time when you've experienced smooth

and good communication

or bad or miscommunication