Building a better world with wood? ⏲️ 6 Minute English
Summary
TLDR本集《六分钟英语》探讨了自然对身心健康的益处,并介绍了日本“森林浴”的概念,即在大自然中静心放松,利用所有感官观察周围环境。节目中还讨论了木材作为古老建筑材料在现代建筑中的新应用,以及其在促进学习、康复和应对气候变化方面的潜在优势。建筑师迈克尔·拉米奇强调了木材和其他可持续生长的生物基材料,如竹子和麻,作为智能替代传统建筑材料的潜力。节目最后揭示了建造纳尔逊的著名战舰HMS Victory所需的树木数量,大约6000棵,主要是橡树。
Takeaways
- 🌿 森林浴是一种放松方式,通过在大自然中安静地沉浸感官体验,有助于身心健康。
- 🌳 日本有“森林浴”(shinrin-yoku)一词,指的是在森林中沐浴,利用所有感官观察周围的自然,同时深呼吸。
- 🏞️ 英国历史上的建筑多使用木材作为建筑材料,但现代多采用人造材料如砖、混凝土和钢铁。
- 🏫 建筑师Michael Ramage认为,木制学校有助于孩子们更好地学习,他们更专注,压力和心跳更低。
- 🏥 木制医院房间或有自然景观的房间对患者的康复有积极影响。
- 🌳 木材在建造过程中能够捕捉碳,有助于对抗气候变化,许多政府希望用木质等生物基材料替代混凝土和钢铁。
- 🏢 除了木材,其他可持续生长的自然材料如竹子、麻和亚麻也被考虑用于智能建造,以替代钢铁和混凝土。
- 🔨 胶合板是自钢筋混凝土发明以来建筑领域的第一种新材料,测试证明其强度可与钢铁媲美。
- 🏙️ 胶合板已被用于建造摩天大楼,包括挪威的85米高大楼和美国密尔沃基的87米高的世界上最高的木制大楼。
- 🛠️ 建筑师Michael Ramage提倡使用智能和巧妙的方式使用生物基材料,以实现可持续的建筑发展。
- 🌳 建造使用木材不仅对过去有益,也对未来有益,木材是一种强大、放松且环保的建筑材料。
Q & A
BBC的'6 Minute English'节目是关于什么的?
-这是一个英语学习节目,每期节目大约6分钟,通过讨论不同的主题来教授英语词汇和表达方式。
'Forest bathing'在日语中被称作什么?
-在日语中,'Forest bathing'被称作'shinrin-yoku',意为在森林中沐浴。
节目中提到,在日本进行森林浴有什么好处?
-进行森林浴可以让人放松,利用所有感官观察周围的自然,同时深呼吸,这对身心健康都有好处。
节目中提到的HMS Victory是哪艘著名的船?
-HMS Victory是纳尔逊在特拉法加战役中指挥的著名战舰。
建造HMS Victory大约需要多少棵树?
-建造HMS Victory大约需要6000棵树,主要是橡树。
建筑师Michael Ramage认为使用木材建造学校有哪些好处?
-Michael Ramage认为,使用木材建造的学校可以帮助孩子们更好地学习,提高他们的注意力,降低压力和心跳。
为什么木材被认为是对抗气候变化的一种方式?
-木材在生长过程中可以吸收碳,因此使用木材作为建筑材料可以帮助减少碳排放,对抗气候变化。
Michael Ramage提到了哪些可以替代混凝土和钢材的生物基材料?
-Michael Ramage提到了木材、竹子、麻和亚麻等生物基材料,它们可以被智能地使用来替代混凝土和钢材。
胶合板是如何制成的,它在建筑中有什么应用?
-胶合板是由多层松木交错铺设并粘合而成的,它被证明和钢铁一样坚固,并已经被用来建造摩天大楼。
世界上最高的木制摩天大楼在哪里,有多高?
-目前世界上最高的木制摩天大楼位于美国密尔沃基,高度为87米。
节目中提到的'compelling'一词是什么意思?
-'Compelling'意味着非常有说服力,让人相信。
'Intelligently'作为副词时,表示什么意思?
-'Intelligently'作为副词时,表示以一种显示智慧和技巧的方式进行。
Hemp在文中指的是什么?
-Hemp在文中指的是一种植物家族,其中一些可以用来制作绳索和坚固的布料。
什么是摩天大楼,它通常在哪些地方出现?
-摩天大楼是非常高的现代建筑,通常出现在城市中。
Outlines
🌳 自然的治愈力量与木材的未来
本段主要讨论了自然对身心健康的益处,并介绍了日本‘森林浴’的概念,即在森林中安静地沉浸于自然之中,利用所有感官观察周围的自然,同时深呼吸。此外,还探讨了木材作为古老建筑材料的新用途,以及如何通过使用木材和其他生物基材料来建造更环保的未来。提到了建筑师Michael Ramage的观点,他认为木质建筑对儿童学习和病人康复都有积极影响,并强调了木材在对抗气候变化中的作用。
🏢 木材建筑的创新与历史
这段内容回顾了木材在历史上作为建筑材料的重要性,尤其是在建造纳尔逊的著名战舰HMS Victory时使用了约6000棵橡树。同时,介绍了Michael Ramage关于使用自然材料建造摩天大楼和其他建筑的潜力,以及如何智能地使用这些材料,例如胶合板,它是由交错层压的松木制成,强度可与钢铁相媲美。此外,还提到了世界上最高的木质摩天大楼,位于挪威的85米高建筑和位于美国密尔沃基的87米高的建筑。最后,总结了节目中学到的新词汇,包括‘森林浴’、‘木材’、‘令人信服的’、‘智能地’、‘大麻’和‘摩天大楼’。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡森林浴
💡木材
💡建筑师
💡健康益处
💡气候变化
💡生物基材料
💡智能使用
💡胶合板
💡摩天大楼
💡大麻
💡战列舰HMS Victory
Highlights
BBC的6分钟英语节目探讨了自然对身心健康的好处,并提出了医生推荐自然疗愈的有趣想法。
日本有'森林浴'这一概念,即在森林中安静地放松,通过所有感官观察周围的自然,同时深呼吸。
节目中讨论了木材作为世界上最古老的建筑材料之一,正在以新的方式被用于构建更绿色的未来。
建筑师Michael Ramage认为,木制学校有助于孩子们更好地学习,他们在木制环境中有更高的集中力、更低的压力和心跳。
Michael Ramage还提到,医院中的病人在木制房间或能看到自然景观的房间中恢复得更好。
木材在建筑中的使用有助于对抗气候变化,因为木材能够捕捉碳。
许多政府希望用木材等生物基材料替代混凝土和钢铁这些碳密集型生产材料。
Michael Ramage探讨了使用木材和其他可生长材料(如竹子、麻和亚麻)作为钢铁和混凝土的替代品的可能性。
他提到,如果我们明智地使用木材,可以建造摩天大楼、住房和学校等各种建筑。
Michael使用可持续生长的天然材料建造,包括竹子和麻,这些植物被用来制作许多产品,如绳索和布料。
胶合板是自钢筋混凝土发明100年以来建筑中的第一种新材料,测试证明它和钢铁一样坚固。
胶合板已经被用来建造摩天大楼,包括挪威85米高的摩天大楼和美国密尔沃基87米高的世界上最高的摩天大楼。
建造用木材对过去和未来都有好处,它既坚固又放松,对环境友好。
尼尔被问及纳尔逊著名的战舰HMS Victory在1805年特拉法加战役中使用了大约6000棵树,主要是橡木。
节目最后回顾了学到的新词汇,包括森林浴、木材、令人信服的、明智地、麻和摩天大楼。
Transcripts
Hello. This is 6 Minute
English from BBC
Learning English. I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
Being in nature has benefits for our physical and mental health, so
wouldn't it be good if, instead of giving you a bottle of pills,
your doctor recommended spending time in nature.
That's an interesting idea
Neil. Being outdoors always makes me feel better. And in Japan,
there's even a word for it – shinrin-yoku – translated into English
as forest bathing. Forest
bathing is a type of relaxation that involves being calm
and quiet amongst the trees,
and using all your senses to observe nature around you, whilst breathing
deeply. It sounds wonderful Beth. In this programme,
we'll be hearing how one of the world's oldest building materials,
wood, is being used in new ways to build a greener future.
And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
Great. But first
I have a question for you, Neil.
Britain used to be covered in trees. In Roman times,
it's estimated
that as much as 40% of the land was forest. Trees provided
wood, the building material needed for many things,
including buildings, furniture and ships.
So, how many trees
do you think were needed to build the HMS Victory,
Nelson's famous ship at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805?
Was it: a. 4,000 trees, b. 5,000 trees or c. 6,000 trees?
Well, I have no idea, but I'll guess it was 5,000 trees.
OK, Neil. I'll reveal the correct answer at the end of the programme.
Throughout history, buildings in Britain have been made of timber – trees
that are grown so their wood can be used as a building material.
But in modern times,
this has mostly been done by man-made materials – brick, concrete and steel.
One of those arguing for a return to wood is architect
Michael Ramage, talking here to BBC Radio 4 programme, Rare Earth.
There is some compelling evidence
to show that children in schools made of wood learn better,
they have greater concentration, lower stress,
lower heartbeats, and there is compelling evidence to show
that patients in hospitals recover better
in both rooms made of wood or other natural materials and
also in rooms that have views of nature out the window.
Michael believes there is compelling evidence
for the health benefits of wood.
If something is compelling,
it is so convincing that you believe it. As evidence,
he gives examples that wooden schools help children learn.
But there's another compelling reason to build with wood.
The carbon which wood captures helps combat climate change.
It's why many governments around the world want to replace
the carbon-intensive production of concrete and steel
with bio-based materials, like wood.
Here's architect Michael Ramage again,
describing the possibilities of wooden buildings to BBC
Radio 4's Rare Earth.
We look at the possibilities of building with wood and other materials
we can grow. Bamboo, hemp, flax and
how we can use them intelligently as replacements for steel and concrete
in the world that we create around us and we've, we've looked at skyscrapers.
We've looked at housing. We've looked at schools,
and there are a whole range of buildings that we can build
if we use wood well.
Michael builds with natural materials
which can be sustainably grown,
including bamboo and hemp – a family of plants
which are used to make many products, such as rope and cloth.
He thinks these natural bio-based materials will work
if they are used intelligently – in a clever, intelligent way.
A good example of this is plywood,
the first new material in construction
since the invention of reinforced concrete 100 years ago.
Tests prove that plywood, made from layers of pine
which are laid crossways
and then glued together, is as strong as steel.
It has already been used to build skyscrapers,
the very tall, modern buildings
you often see in cities. An 85 metre high skyscraper
in Norway and an even taller one at 87 metres,
the world's tallest, in Milwaukee, USA.
Strong, relaxing and eco-friendly –
it seems that building with wood is good for the future as well as the past,
Which reminds me of my question, Neil.
Yes. You asked me how many trees were used
as timber for Nelson's famous warship HMS Victory,
and I guessed it was 5,000. Which was close...
but the wrong answer,
I'm afraid! It was even more – around 6,000 trees,
most of which were oak, with some timbers
over half a metre thick.
OK, let's recap the vocabulary
we've learnt in this programme,
starting with forest bathing – being in nature and immersing your senses
in the experience for its physical and mental health benefits.
Timber is trees grown so the wood can be used for building.
If an argument or evidence is compelling, it's strong,
convincing and believable.
The adverb intelligently means done in a way
showing intelligence and skill.
Hemp is a family of plants,
some of which are used to make rope and strong cloth.
And finally, a skyscraper is a very tall, modern building, usually in a city.
Once again, our six minutes are up.
But remember to join us again next time
for more trending topics and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute
English. Goodbye for now. Bye!
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