11 || PSC 110 || Techniques of Counseling -Behavioural Techniques: Introduction to Behavioural Tech

Summary

In this educational module, Mrs. Pratisha Harmalkar introduces behavioral techniques in counseling, focusing on the behavioristic approach and its application in therapy. Key concepts like counseling, transference, and behaviorism are discussed. The module covers the principles of learning, including drive, cue, response, and reinforcement (DCRR), and Miller's reinforcement theory. The goal is to modify maladaptive behaviors using these principles, emphasizing the present over past causes and aiming for symptom elimination.

Takeaways

• 📚 The module focuses on behavioral techniques used in counseling, including the behavioristic approach, learning principles, and Miller's reinforcement theory.
• 🤝 Counseling is defined as a professional interaction between a counselor and a client aimed at facilitating behavioral changes in the client.
• 🔄 Transference is a concept where feelings, desires, and expectations are redirected from one person to another, often occurring in counseling settings.
• 🧠 Behaviorism studies observable behaviors and their environmental causes, influencing psychological therapies and counseling.
• 🚫 Behavioral counseling targets maladaptive behaviors and applies principles of behaviorism to modify them into healthier alternatives.
• 🔧 The behavioristic approach to counseling uses learning theory principles to improve mental health by changing behaviors.
• 📈 The DCRR model of learning (Drive, Cue, Response, and Reinforcement) is central to understanding and modifying behaviors in counseling.
• 🏆 Reinforcement in learning is crucial as it determines whether a behavior is repeated; it follows a response and reinforces it if it is relevant.
• 👶 Dollar and Miller's theory posits that neurotic behaviors are learned, often from parents, and can be unlearned through counseling.
• 🌟 The goal of behavioral counseling is to replace learned maladaptive behaviors with healthier, more adaptive ones through a process involving a permissive environment and emotional expression.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the module presented by Mrs. Pratisha Harmalkar?

The main focus of the module is to learn about behavioral techniques used in counseling, including the behavioristic approach to counseling processes, the four basic principles of learning, and Miller's reinforcement theory.

According to the script, what are the key outcomes expected from the module?

By the end of the module, students will be able to explain the behavioristic approach, the DCRR principles of learning, and Miller's reinforcement theory.

What is the definition of counseling given by Papinski as mentioned in the script?

Counseling is an interaction that occurs between two individuals, a counselor and a client, in a professional setting, initiated and maintained to facilitate changes in the behavior of the client.

What is transference in the context of counseling?

Transference describes a situation where the feelings, desires, and expectations of one person are redirected and applied to another individual, often occurring in counseling when the client redirects their feelings and desires towards the counselor.

How does behaviorism as a field contribute to counseling and therapy?

Behaviorism contributes to counseling and therapy by providing techniques that focus on observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants, aiming to understand how the environment influences behavior and using these insights to modify unwanted behaviors.

What is the goal of behavioral counseling?

The goal of behavioral counseling is to change or modify maladaptive behaviors and replace them with healthy, positive, and adaptive behaviors using the principles of behaviorism.

What are the four basic principles of learning according to the behavioristic approach?

The four basic principles of learning are drive, cue, response, and reinforcement, also known as the DCRR principles.

What is the role of reinforcement in learning and behavior change?

Reinforcement is the reward received after performing a response and determines whether the response will be repeated. Relevant responses that lead to satisfaction are reinforced, making them more likely to be performed again.

How does the behavioristic approach to counseling differ from psychoanalytic and medical approaches?

The behavioristic approach focuses on the present and symptom elimination, rather than identifying root causes as in psychoanalytic and medical approaches. It is concerned with modifying current behaviors using learning principles.

What is the concept of neurosis as explained by Dollar and Miller in the context of counseling?

Dollar and Miller view neurosis as a learned behavior, where children acquire anxiety, phobias, compulsions, and other neurotic tendencies from their parents. These behaviors, though they provide short-term relief, increase distress in the long run.

How does the counselor handle transference in behavioral counseling?

The counselor handles transference by providing a clear and accurate labeling of behaviors to prevent the client from generalizing their anxieties to other aspects of life and to avoid the client becoming overly reliant on the counselor.