Pembagian Sistem Saraf
Summary
TLDRThe script discusses the division of the nervous system based on structure and function. It differentiates between the central nervous system (CNS), comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes cranial and spinal nerves and ganglia. The CNS acts as the body's command center, interpreting sensory inputs and determining motor outputs. The PNS is likened to cables, transferring data between the CNS and the body. The script further divides the nervous system into sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) divisions, with afferent nerves carrying impulses towards the CNS from sensory receptors, and efferent nerves sending motor information from the CNS to the body, including skeletal muscles for voluntary movements and autonomic muscles for involuntary actions.
Takeaways
- 🧠 The nervous system is divided based on structure and function into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
- 🏢 The CNS, which includes the brain and spinal cord, acts as the central control and integration center for the nervous system, interpreting sensory inputs and determining motor outputs.
- 🌐 The PNS consists of cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia, which carry impulses to and from the CNS.
- 🔌 The PNS is likened to the cables of a computer, transferring data between the CNS and the body.
- 👨💻 The CNS is compared to a computer's processor, the central command for almost all body functions.
- 🔍 The sensory division (afferent) includes somatic and visceral sensory systems, which bring impulses from the skin, muscles, and internal organs to the CNS.
- 👂 Somatic sensory nerves transmit information from the skin, muscles, and special senses like vision, hearing, and taste.
- 💓 Visceral sensory nerves relay information from the body's internal organs, such as those in the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
- 🏃♂️ The motor division (efferent) sends information from the CNS to the body, controlling motor activities.
- 💪 Somatic motor nerves innervate skeletal muscles, controlling conscious movements.
- 🤖 Autonomic motor nerves regulate involuntary muscles such as the heart, smooth muscles, and glands.
Q & A
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system based on structure?
-The nervous system is divided into the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) based on structure.
What components make up the Central Nervous System?
-The Central Nervous System consists of the brain and the spinal cord.
What is the role of the Central Nervous System?
-The Central Nervous System acts as the central control and integration center, interpreting sensory inputs and determining motor outputs based on current conditions and past experiences.
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there in the Peripheral Nervous System?
-There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves in the Peripheral Nervous System.
What are the functions of the Peripheral Nervous System?
-The Peripheral Nervous System is responsible for transmitting impulses to and from the CNS, similar to how cables transfer data in a computer system.
What is the difference between the afferent and efferent divisions of the nervous system?
-The afferent division carries impulses towards the CNS from sensory receptors, while the efferent division carries impulses away from the CNS to the body.
What are the two types of sensory systems within the afferent division?
-The afferent division includes somatic sensory, which carries impulses from the skin, muscles, and special senses, and visceral sensory, which carries information from the internal organs.
What is the role of the efferent division in the motor system?
-The efferent division of the motor system sends motor information from the CNS to the body, controlling the effector organs.
How is the motor division of the nervous system further divided?
-The motor division is further divided into somatic motor, which controls voluntary movements, and autonomic motor, which controls involuntary movements such as those of the heart and glands.
What is the function of the autonomic motor system?
-The autonomic motor system controls involuntary muscles like those in the heart, smooth muscles, and glands, as well as regulating bodily functions without conscious control.
How does the nervous system integrate and respond to both current and past experiences?
-The nervous system integrates current sensory inputs with past experiences to determine appropriate motor outputs, allowing for reflexive and learned responses to stimuli.
Outlines
🧠 Central and Peripheral Nervous System Structure
This paragraph discusses the structural division of the nervous system into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS, which includes the brain and spinal cord, acts as the central control and integration hub, interpreting sensory inputs and determining motor outputs based on current conditions and past experiences. The PNS consists of cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia, responsible for transmitting impulses to and from the CNS. The CNS is likened to a computer's processor, managing most body functions, while the PNS is compared to cables transferring data between the CNS and the body.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Central Nervous System (CNS)
💡Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
💡Sensory Division
💡Motor Division
💡Cranial Nerves
💡Spinal Nerves
💡Ganglia
💡Somatic Sensory System
💡Visceral Sensory System
💡Autonomic Motor System
💡Somatic Motor System
Highlights
The nervous system is divided based on structure and function into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord, serving as the central control and integration point for sensory input and motor output.
The peripheral nervous system includes cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia, responsible for transmitting impulses to and from the spinal cord and brain.
The central nervous system is likened to a computer's processor, controlling most body functions.
The peripheral nervous system functions like cables, transferring data between the central nervous system and the body.
The nervous system is structurally and functionally divided into the sensory division (afferent) and the motor division (efferent).
Afferent nerves carry impulses towards the central nervous system from sensory receptors located throughout the body.
Sensory nerves are categorized into somatic and visceral, with somatic nerves relaying information from the skin, muscles, and special senses.
Visceral sensory nerves transmit information from internal organs such as those in the thoracic and abdominal cavities.
Efferent nerves carry motor information from the central nervous system to the body, influencing effector organs.
The motor division is further divided into somatic and autonomic motor systems, controlling voluntary and involuntary muscle actions respectively.
Somatic motor nerves innervate skeletal muscles for conscious movements.
Autonomic motor nerves influence smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands, controlling involuntary actions.
There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves in the peripheral nervous system.
There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, essential for transmitting sensory and motor information.
Ganglia are clusters of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system, playing a role in nerve signal processing.
Sensory receptors are crucial for receiving and converting stimuli into nerve impulses.
The nervous system's structure and function are intricately linked, with each division serving a specific role in communication within the body.
Transcripts
Hai kali ini kita akan membahas mengenai
pembagian dari sistem saraf sistem saraf
dibagi berdasarkan struktur maupun
fungsinya kita bahas satu persatu ya
yang pertama pembagian dari segi
struktur Jadi kalau dari strukturnya
sistem saraf itu dibagi menjadi sistem
saraf pusat atau Central nervous system
dan sistem saraf tepi atau peripheral
nervous system nah sistem saraf pusat
itu terdiri atas otak dan juga korda
spinalis atau sumsum tulang belakang
sedangkan sistem saraf tepi terdiri atas
saraf kranialis saraf spinalis dan juga
ganglia nah Central nervous system ini
mengintegrasikan dan pusat kontrol dari
sistem saraf ia berusaha untuk
menginterpretasi input sensoris dan
menentukan output motoris berdasarkan
pada reflek kondisi saat ini dan juga
pengalaman masa lalu yang pernah dialami
oleh tubuh lalu kemudian sistem saraf
tepi sistem saraf tepi ini terdiri atas
dua belas pasang nervus cranialis 31
pasang nervus spinalis dan juga terdiri
atas kumpulan-kumpulan ganglia saraf
spinalis akan membawa impuls ke dan dari
korda spinalis sedangkan saraf kranialis
akan membawa impuls dari dan ke otak
Ya udah kalau kita ibaratkan pusat
sistem saraf ini atau sistem saraf pusat
itu ibaratnya seperti komputer komputer
prosesor komputer yang merupakan pusat
komando hampir seluruh fungsi di tubuh
kita sedangkan untuk sistem saraf
perifer ini seperti halnya kabel yang
akan mentransfer data dari PNS atau
sistem saraf pusat ke tubuh ataupun
memberikan informasi dari tubuh ke
sistem saraf pusat itu dari segi
struktur secara fungsional sistem saraf
dibagi menjadi dua yaitu divisi sensoris
atau afren dan divisi motoris atau
eferen defisit sensoris disebut juga
afreen afreen itu artinya menuju ke
Hai yang membawa impuls menuju sistem
saraf pusat dari reseptor reseptor
sensoris yang berlokasi di seluruh tubuh
untuk defisit sensoris ini terbagi dua
lagi menjadi sensoris somatik dan
sensoris yang visceral sensoris somatik
ini membawa impuls dari kulit otot
skelet fascia dan juga indera-indera
khusus kita seperti mata telinga hidung
lidah dan kulit lalu kemudian set-up
sensoris visceral akan membawa informasi
dari organ-organ viseral atau
organ-organ yang ada didalam ruangan di
tubuh kita seperti rongga toraks ROM
Hai abdomen ataupun rongga pelvis untuk
divisi motoris disebut juga evret yang
artinya menjauhi divisi motoris ini
membawa informasi dari sistem saraf
pusat ke tubuh jadi dia mengirimkan
informasi motoris keregan organ efektor
divisi motoris terbagi dua lagi menjadi
motorik somatik dan motorik yang otonom
untuk yang motorik yang somatik ini
menginervasi otot skelet dalam artian
gerakan-gerakan yang akan kita sadari
sedangkan yang untuk yang otonom itu
akan mengenal fase otot seperti otot
jantung otot polos maupun glandular
dalam artian gerakan-gerakan yang tidak
akan kita
serie-a
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