SSH Tutorial System Commands

Summary

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on logging into a virtual machine using SSH keys for enhanced security, as password logins are disabled. It covers key generation on Linux, Unix, Mac, and Windows systems, including WSL, and demonstrates how to submit the public key for access. The video also navigates through the virtual machine to show how to read instructions, solve assignments, and use evaluation scripts to check and submit solutions, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the process.

Takeaways

• 🔑 You can no longer log into the virtual machine using passwords; SSH keys are now required for security.
• 💻 For Linux, Unix, Mac, or Windows with WSL users, follow specific instructions to create SSH keys.
• ⚙️ Use the 'ssh-keygen' command to generate a public and private key pair on your local system.
• 🗂️ By default, the key files are stored in the home directory under the '.ssh' folder.
• 🔑 The public key should be copied and uploaded to the server for authentication.
• 🌐 Log into the specified website using your student email to submit the public key.
• 💻 For Windows PowerShell users, different instructions are provided to generate and use SSH keys.
• 📝 After generating the SSH keys, log into the virtual machine using the provided SSH command.
• 📄 Always read the 'readme.md' file in the virtual machine for important instructions and assignment details.
• 📂 Navigate to '/opt/se21' to find assignments, and use 'Synchro eval' to evaluate your solutions.

Q & A

Why can't I log into the virtual machine using passwords anymore?

Passwords are no longer used for logging into the virtual machine due to security measures. SSH keys are now the required method for accessing the virtual machine.

What are the prerequisites for logging into the virtual machine using SSH keys?

To log in using SSH keys, one must first create a pair of SSH keys (public and private) on their local system and then submit the public key to the server.

Can I use the same method to create SSH keys on both Linux/Unix/Mac and Windows?

The method for creating SSH keys is similar across Linux, Unix, Mac, and Windows with WSL. However, Windows users without WSL or using PowerShell will follow a slightly different process.

What command should I use to generate SSH keys on Linux or Unix?

On Linux or Unix, you can open a terminal and type 'ssh-keygen' to generate a public and private key pair.

What is the default location where the SSH keys are stored after creation?

By default, the SSH keys are stored in the '~/.ssh' directory of your home folder with the filenames 'id_rsa' for the private key and 'id_rsa.pub' for the public key.

Is it mandatory to set a passphrase for the SSH key?

Setting a passphrase for the SSH key is optional. It adds an extra layer of security, but for simplicity, it can be skipped by pressing enter when prompted.

How can I verify that my SSH keys have been created successfully?

You can verify the creation of SSH keys by navigating to the '~/.ssh' directory and using the 'ls' command to check for the presence of 'id_rsa' and 'id_rsa.pub' files.

What should I do with the public key after it's created?

The public key should be copied and pasted into the form provided on the server's website to allow you to log in to the virtual machine.

How do I log into the virtual machine for the first time using the SSH key?

After uploading the public key to the server, you can log in by using the command provided, which includes your role number and the server's address. The system will prompt you to trust the domain and then log you in automatically.

How can I navigate and solve assignments inside the virtual machine?

Inside the virtual machine, you should first read the 'readme.md' file for instructions. Assignments are located in '/opt/se21', and solutions should be written in a 'script.sh' file within a folder in your home directory corresponding to each assignment.

What command should I use to evaluate and submit my solution for an assignment?

To evaluate and submit your solution, you should use the 'synchro eval' command. It will provide feedback on the correctness of your script and confirm successful submission.

What is the purpose of the 'synchro eval' command in the context of the virtual machine?

The 'synchro eval' command is used to evaluate whether the script written for an assignment meets the requirements. It checks the script against predefined test cases and confirms if the submission is successful.

How can I make sure that my script is executable?

To make your script executable, you need to run the command 'chmod u+x script.sh' in the terminal, where 'script.sh' is the name of your script file.

What should I do if 'synchro eval' returns an evaluation fail?

If 'synchro eval' returns an evaluation fail, you should review the error message provided for clues on what might be wrong with your script. Common issues include the script not being executable or not meeting the assignment's requirements.

How can I view files with colors and in a paginated format?

You can use the 'bat' or 'cat' command followed by the name of the file to view files with colors. The output will be displayed in a paginated format for easier reading.

What is the recommended order for solving assignments and practice questions in the virtual machine?

The recommended order is to first solve the assignments in the order they are presented, and then proceed with the practice questions week by week, starting with the lowest numbered practice question and moving upwards.

Outlines

00:00

🔐 SSH Key Generation and Login to Virtual Machine

This paragraph introduces a tutorial on logging into a virtual machine using SSH keys, a security measure that replaces password logins. It outlines the process for creating SSH keys on Linux, Unix, Mac, and Windows systems, including Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). The tutorial demonstrates how to generate an RSA or ED25519 key pair, how to store and name the keys, and the optional pass phrase for encryption. It also explains how to copy the public key and submit it to the server to enable SSH login, followed by verification of successful login into the VM.

05:00

🖥️ Windows SSH Key Generation and VM Interaction

This section provides a tutorial for Windows users without WSL on generating SSH keys using PowerShell. It guides users through listing directory contents, generating keys, and using notepad to copy the public key. The process includes pasting the key into a portal for submission, and then using a command in PowerShell to log into the virtual machine. The tutorial also covers navigating the VM, reading the 'readme.md' file for instructions, and accessing and solving assignments within the VM environment.

10:01

📝 Assignment Completion and Evaluation in VM

The paragraph explains how to complete and evaluate assignments within the virtual machine. It details the process of reading the 'readme.md' file for task instructions, locating assignment directories, and writing scripts for solutions. The tutorial demonstrates creating a 'script.sh' file, making it executable, and using commands like 'sha256sum' and 'cut' to generate file hashes. It also shows how to use 'Synchro eval' to check the correctness of the script and submit it for evaluation.

15:02

🛠️ Script Development and Debugging in the VM

This paragraph focuses on script development and debugging for VM assignments. It describes the steps to create a script that takes a file name as an argument and prints its hash value using 'sha256sum'. The tutorial corrects a common mistake of hardcoding file names and instead uses '$1' to pass arguments to the script. It also emphasizes the importance of making scripts executable and using 'Synchro eval' to evaluate and submit assignments, providing feedback on script correctness and submission status.

20:02

📚 Navigating Assignments and Practice Questions

The final paragraph summarizes the process of navigating and completing assignments and practice questions in the VM. It advises on following the order of weeks for practice questions and tackling assignments in a comfortable sequence. The tutorial concludes by encouraging users to solve all assignments and explore the VM structure, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the process.

Keywords

💡SSH keys

SSH keys are cryptographic credentials used for authenticating to servers and services securely without the need for passwords. In the video's context, SSH keys are essential for logging into the virtual machine provided for the course, emphasizing a security measure to prevent password-based logins. The script mentions creating an SSH key pair using the command 'ssh-keygen' and then submitting the public key to the server for access.

💡Security measure

A security measure refers to any action, process, or system designed to protect against threats or damage. In the video, the prohibition of password logins in favor of SSH keys exemplifies a security measure, aiming to enhance the protection of the virtual machine against unauthorized access.

💡Linux/Unix/Mac

These are operating systems that are typically used for their Unix-like environment, which is popular for development and system administration tasks. The tutorial differentiates instructions for users on these systems versus those using Windows, highlighting the diversity of user platforms and the need for platform-specific guidance in creating and using SSH keys.

💡Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

WSL is a compatibility layer for running Linux binary executables natively on Windows. The script mentions WSL as an alternative for Windows users who wish to use Linux tools, such as those required for generating SSH keys, without needing a separate machine or virtual environment.

💡SSH keygen

SSH keygen is a command-line tool used to generate a pair of cryptographic keys for SSH authentication. In the video, 'ssh-keygen' is the command used to create the SSH key pair, which includes a private key kept secure on the user's machine and a public key that is shared with the server to enable secure login.

💡Public and private key pair

In cryptography, a public and private key pair are two distinct but mathematically linked keys. The private key is kept secret by the user, while the public key can be openly shared. In the script, the public key is uploaded to the server to authenticate the user's identity, while the private key is used on the user's end to decrypt the session.

💡Passphrase

A passphrase is a sequence of words or other text used to control access to a computer system, program, or physical device. In the context of SSH keys, a passphrase can be set to encrypt the private key, adding an additional layer of security. The video mentions the option to create a passphrase but suggests skipping it for simplicity.

💡SSH folder

The SSH folder is a directory on a user's system where SSH-related files, such as the generated key pairs, are typically stored. The video script refers to this folder when instructing users where to find the 'id_rsa' private key and 'id_rsa.pub' public key after they have been created.

💡Readme.md

Readme.md is a file often found in software repositories or project directories that provides important information about the project. In the video, 'readme.md' is highlighted as a crucial file to read first for instructions on how to proceed with tasks within the virtual machine, emphasizing the importance of understanding the project's requirements before starting work.

💡Synchro eval

Synchro eval appears to be a command or script used within the virtual machine to evaluate and submit assignments. The video describes using 'synchro eval' to check if the written script for an assignment is correct and to submit it for grading, indicating a system in place for automated assessment of student work.

💡Assignment

In the context of the video, an assignment refers to a task or project given to students as part of their coursework. The script discusses navigating to specific directories to find and work on assignments, such as 'assignment_0', and the process of creating and submitting solutions using 'script.sh' files.

Highlights

Introduction to logging into a virtual machine using SSH keys for enhanced security.

Demonstration of SSH key creation for Linux, Unix, Mac, and Windows users.

Explanation of the difference between SSH key types, such as RSA and ED25519.

Guidance on storing SSH keys in the default directory and the option to set a passphrase.

Instructions on copying the public SSH key for submission to the server.

Process of uploading the public key to the server via a specific website.

Tutorial on logging into the virtual machine using the SSH command.

Verification of successful login into the VM by checking the hostname.

Overview of navigating the virtual machine and accessing assignments.

Emphasis on reading the 'readme.md' file for important instructions before starting assignments.

Description of how to solve assignment zero, including using 'synchro eval' for evaluation.

Explanation of creating a script to calculate the hash value of a file using SHA-256.

Use of 'cut' command to format the output of the hash calculation.

Creating and making scripts executable for assignment submission.

Process of writing scripts for different assignments and using 'synchro eval' for correctness verification.

Importance of following the correct order of tasks in the assignments.

Encouragement to attempt assignments in a comfortable order and to explore the VM structure.

Conclusion of the tutorial with a thank you note and a prompt to complete all assignments.

Transcripts

hello and welcome to this short tutorial

on how to log in into the virtual

machine provided by the system commands

course using the SSH keys so you might

already know that you cannot log into

the virtual machine using passwords

anymore so this has been done as a

security measure and you can only log in

using SSH keys so let us see how we can

create the SSH keys and then submit the

public key so that we can log in into

the virtual machine so the first steps

may be a little different depending on

whether you're using Linux or Unix or

Mac or whether you're using Windows so

for the people who are using Linux or

Unix or Mac or even using Windows with

WSL or Windows subsystem for Linux and

already have WSL set up they can follow

these instructions whereas for people

using only windows and po shell can

follow these instructions instead so we

will now be demonstrating both these

methods one by one so let's start with

the Linux way so now let's see how we

can login into the VM without using a

passwords so we are not allowed to login

into to the system commands VM using

passwords so what we have to do is we

have to first create the public and

private keypad using SSH keyen and then

we have to copy the public key to the

server so first open uh your local

system so if you're using Windows you

can use partion or if you're using Linux

in your local system as well you can

open any terminal and type this command

ss- key so this will create a public and

private key pair in your local system so

you can give DD and RSA to specify what

type of key you want so usually it will

create RSA but if you're using a updated

version of this command it will then

create a Ed key so if you don't mention

this it'll try to create a ed25519 key

but if you want to let's say create an

RSA key we can give DD RSA so this will

ask you where you want to uh store the

key so by default it stored in your uh

own home directory inside the SSH folder

and it is given a Name ID _ RSA so you

can give a different name or a different

path to this but by default this is the

path which will be used so you can

simply press

enter and then it'll ask you for the

pass phrase so this is optional you can

give a pass phrase to this key so that

the key is encrypted and when you want

to use this key you will actually have

to give this pass phrase again but for

Simplicity let's skip this step and just

press enter here so we again press enter

and our private and public key is now

created and it's saved in the/ home /y

your username SSH and then idore RSA is

your private key and idore R.P is your

public key so this public key is

something which you share to others and

which you will upload to the server so

the first step is to first see now that

whether the keys is created or not so

let us cut out the key and see if it's

created so we'll go to the SSH folder

and C out the idore

R.P and as you can see the public key is

now created so I can simply copy this

key from here by selecting it and

pressing control shift C if you're in uh

Linux terminal or if you're on Windows

partial you can right click and copy

another way you can copy if you're on

Linux is you can use the xclip or the

xell

command so this will put it into your

clipboard then we open this website

which is se2000 1. ds. study. i. ac.in

and here we have to log in with our itm

student email ID so just select your

student email ID and and then you will

be redirected to this page where you

will be asked to create the SSH key so

these are the exact steps which we took

to create this uh SSH key so once it's

created you can then copy the key public

key from the location and then you have

to paste it in this form so simply paste

it from your clipboard and the key

should usually start with ssh-rsa or s-

Ed and the username will be autofill so

you have to Simply press the sub it and

the public key is now uploaded into the

server so now you can log in into the

server using the commands given here as

such Your Role number at se21 ds. study.

it. ac.in so let's see if we can log

into this server so we copy this command

and we open a teral again and we simply

have to paste this here so the first

time you are doing this it'll also ask

you if you want to save this and do you

trust this domain so you have to Simply

type yes and press enter and after that

it will automatically log you in so as

you can see now we are logged into the

VM and you can verify this by echoing

the host name so the host name is se21

so on your system your host name will be

whatever is your devices name but once

you have S into it you are now inside

the VM and you will get the se21 as the

host name you can also see who is the

account holder in which you're logged in

so that will be your register number so

that's all you need to do to log into

the VM

now let's see how we can do the same

thing if you're using Windows without

WSL so you will follow the following

instructions let us see a demo now yeah

this is a short tutorial on how to do

SSX using windows power shell type LS to

see the files and folders present in

your directory right now type SSH hyen

key genexe and then press enter to

generate SSH keys there is no need to

type anything just press enter again

once again yeah type LS uh as you can

see there is a new folder created SSH

let's go into the folder cd. SSH enter

LS type

notepad.exe

space idore rs. puuv and then press

enter notepad just pop up copy the

following

line go to the

portal as scroll

down paste the line press

submit copy the

line go to the power

shell observe the prompt which is right

now in white color paste the command

which you have just copied right now and

then press

enter just type

S as you can see the prompt has changed

from white color to Green color that

means you are right now in the virtual

Mission you can execute some of the

commands here if you

want PWD present working directory

LS cat the following

file after once you have done your work

you can type exit

exit observe the last line log out

connection to SC 2001. ds. study. in

close which means you just exited from

the

VM thank you all right so hopefully now

I have successfully logged into the

virtual machine so let us see how we can

navigate inside the virtual machine and

how we can also view the assignments and

solve the assignments inside the virtual

machine so the first and foremost thing

you should do is read the readme.md file

so MD is a markdown file so readme file

is a file which stores all the important

instructions one should read first

before proceeding so you can find the

read me file inside your home directory

as well as inside the /opt SE 20001

directory so once you have read the

readme file you will understand how to

do the basic tasks inside the virtual

machine let us quickly demonstrate how

we can solve the assignment

zero so right now in my local system let

me SSH into my virtual machine so I have

to provide my register number and then

give a at and then type se2000 1. ds.

study. m.

ac.in once you have provided the public

key in the website successfully this

will automatically log you in so as you

can see the prompt will now be like this

it will be your roll number at se and

you can also confirm that you are inside

the virtual machine using Echo host name

and should say

se21 now let us see how we can solve the

assignments first we can catch the

readme.md and if you want we can instead

of cat we can use bat cat so that will

print it with

colors so here we can see that each

assignment's question will be found in

/opt se21 and then the name of the

folder so it will be assignment _ 0

assignment _ one Etc and the solution

which you will have to write to submit

has to be present in your home directory

and then a folder se21 and then the name

of the folder so once you have written

the script and you are confident with it

you have to type Synchro eval to

evaluate whether your answer is correct

or not so if it's correct you will get

these two lines evaluation successful

submission successful

if you do not get the evaluation

successful just uh try to see where your

code might be wrong and then rewrite the

code and then again do Synchro

EV so there are other FAQs you can read

from here so you can use batcat as we

doing instead of cat to display some

files with the colors and in a paginated

format and you can also use t-mo to

Multiplex your sessions so that you can

have multiple applications open inside

one

SSH so let us now see where we can find

the questions so as you can see in your

home directory you will have a read me

file only and nothing else and the path

of this home directory is/ home/ your RO

number so now where we want to go

instead is/ opt

se21 so now you can see the path has

been changed in our prompt and also cuty

will show that path now if you do LS you

can see there are multiple questions so

these are all the questions that you can

solve so the assignment ones are the FM

assignments and the practice ones are

the practice questions for each week so

let us see to how we can solve

assignment _ 0 and the same process will

follow for all of the else as

well so if we now enter inside

assignment Z so here we can see the path

is now /opt se2 1/ assignment _ 0 so I

can clear the screen using clear and

here you can see there are multiple

files so let me go over each file one by

one so the evaluation file. sh or the

evaluation script is a file which

contains the script which will actually

evaluate whether your script which you

write is correct or not so you can see

how that is there so if you're let's say

stuck you can see how the evaluation

script is written to understand why it

may not be working so we can see the

evaluation script has some code which

evaluates whether our script which is

supposed to be script.sh is working

correctly or not so we don't actually

have to do anything into the evaluation

script we should not try to change it so

even if we do it won't be possible

because we are not authorized to access

this so we can only read it but we

cannot remove it so if I try to remove

this it will give me a permission error

because we are not permitted to do

this for each assignment the first thing

you should do is print the readme.md so

this will tell you exactly what you have

to do so as you can see the readme.md

says that this is the Z VM task and this

is not graded and this already has the

solution provided to us so this again

reiterates that you have to use Synchro

eval to

evaluate so what we have to do now is we

have to create a script called script.sh

and we have to store it inside our home

directory so this is currently in/ opt

se21 but we have to create a folder

called se21 in our home directory and

inside there we have to name it

assignment undor z a folder and then in

that folder we have to create a

script.sh so for all of these

assignments and create practice

questions we have to create a folder for

each of them similarly how they are

created here in our home directory and

in that file we have to do the following

tasks so the task is the file takes a

file name as an argument and print the

hash value of that file name so let us

try to see how we can do that so we also

have a example file here hello.txt and

we are told that this file's uh output

from the script should be this one so

let us see how we can do this so there

are multiple ways to create a hash so a

few of them are the Sha or s a hash

there are also something called MD hash

and there are also other hashes so these

sha and MD are already pre-installed in

Linux so you can simply type MD sum or

md5 sum and then give it a file name to

get a hash so as you can see the md5 sum

gives us a hash but this is not the same

as this one and this is shter so md5 is

usually outdated now and no longer used

because the hashes are small and people

now have a pretty good database of what

each hash means so instead we will use

the

shahash so to use the shahash we have to

see which shahash we want so there are

multiple sha hashes so if you type sha

and press tab twice you can see there is

sha 1 sha 2 24 sha 2 56 sha 384 sha 512

sums and what the number means is

basically the number of bits so the more

the number of bits the longer the key

will be and also the more secure it will

be so let us see which sha matches with

this one so if I do sha one sum

hello.txt you can see the number is not

the same and it's also smaller so let's

try with sha 5 112 sum and now you can

see the number is still different but

it's way longer than what is expected so

let us now test with sha 256 sum and now

you can see that the text is matching

exactly so it's 133 e e and then it's

sing with 2D 44 and the length is also

exactly the same so we have now

understood that we need to use sha 256

sum and pass the file name to get the

Sha but this also gives a space and then

the name of the text itself so there are

multiple ways in which we can only get

the

text so let us see now how we can

instead of having the name of the file

we can have just the hash and nothing

else so we can use a command called as

cut which helps us to trim away some

parts of a line so in this case we want

to cut with the space delimeter so as

you can see there are two spaces here so

I want to cut with the delimeter of

space so I give space inside quotations

to the- D flag which uh Tak which delim

should cut by and then I ask the cut

command to print only the first field

which is till the number four and this

will then only print the hash till the

number and nothing from the first space

so this is now exactly what we want but

instead of the hello.txt we want the

name of the file to be given to the

script so let us now create the script

but the script has to be created in our

home directory so as you can see we are

currently in/ opt se21 SL assignment

zero whereas we need to be in our home

so if I just type CD and press enter I

will now be back into my home and here

you can see we do not have the se21

folder so the simplest way is we can

simply just copy this folder into our

home as well so I can do

cpop

se21 and name it here as home/

se21 and because we are copying

directories and not single file we have

to give the- R flag which means that

copy the folders

recursively all right so now if I do LS

you can see that there is a folder named

se21 and if I go inside there we have

all the assignments as we saw earlier so

let us CD into assignment

zero and we can see that for the

assignment Z we already have the script

given to us because this is a solved

assignment but let me remove the script

for now and write it

ourselves so the first thing which we

have to do is we have to open create the

file using either Vim or Nano any editor

you

want so once we are inside the file we

have to write the command which will

give us the output so before writing the

command what we do is we preface the

file by mentioning which type of script

this is so we do this by writing hash

and then exclamation mark this is called

shibang and then we give the path of The

Interpreter which will run this so for

our case this is been

bash and here we will write the command

which will give us the output so as we

saw earlier what we can do is we can use

sha 256 sum and the name of the file and

then we can use cut to basically cut the

space and then give us the first field

from the space so if I save this and

exit so that we can do by first of all

exiting the insert mode by pressing

escape and then I can press colon and

then WQ so w means right and Q mean

squid so now you can see we have the

script.sh but still this will not work

because the script by default will be

not executable so we can make it

executable by running CH mod u+ x and

the name of the file so this is

something you will have to do for everyd

assignment once you have created the

script.sh file you should also CH mode

and make it executable so now we can see

that the script is now executable so

there's an X here and also the file is

now shown in green marking that it is an

executable file so let me run script.sh

and you can see this is giving us the

expected output however this is usually

not what is asked from the code so if I

if we just open the read me again we can

see that a script should take any file

name as an argument and print the hash

of that file so ideally what should

happen is if I give hello.txt it should

print this but if I print give it some

other file it should print the hash of

that instead so if I let's say give it

readme.md it should print me the hash of

readme.md so right now it's printing

still the hatch of

hello.txt that is because in our script

what we have done is we have hardcoded

the text hello.txt instead what we need

to do is we need to pass whatever was

passed as the first argument as the

argument to to the shash sum so what we

can do is we can instead of this we can

add dollar one and dollar one basically

means the first argument given to this

script so dollar 0 will be the name of

the script itself dollar one the first

and dollar two the second argument Etc

so now if I exit the script again and

now if I run this I'll get a different

hash but if I run this with hello do txt

we still get the original hash for the

hello so this is now the correct script

and we have also checked it with the

hello.txt so if you remember the read me

had the correct value of that which

starts with 133 e and even uh script is

giving the same output so now this is

just us writing the script but not

submitting it for us to evaluate it

whether it's correct or not and whether

it's right and then to submit it what we

can do is we can type Synchro eval and

now this will tell us that the public

test case evaluation successful private

disc case submission successful so this

means that aspt was correct and it has

been successfully submitted so this has

has been now marked in the database that

you have completed this question so

similarly you can then go back and you

can go into the other assignments so

let's say assignment one and you can

read the read

me and you can see what you have to do

for the other assignments also and

create the script.sh in that folder

again and then once you have written the

script correctly you can run Synchro

eval again and then check if it's

correct so because we don't have the

script for this assignment it'll give us

an evaluation fail because we have not

written the script so let me quickly

write script for assignment one and see

if it works all right so I have gone

ahead and created the script.sh I will

obviously not show what is inside

because this is a greated assignment but

now let us see what happens if we run

Synchro eval so we are getting a

evaluation field and this is because we

can also get a helpful error message

which tells us why it's not working so

it's telling us that it is not

executable so we have obviously

forgotten to make it executable so what

we can do is we can do CH modu plus X

script.sh and then run it again and now

you can see that the evaluation is

successful because the script which is

present here is correct and it is doing

what is asked to do so now we can also

see that the files are also present in

the diory S1 doxt s2. txt s3. txt and S4

dxt according to the read me so now this

tells us that the evaluation is

successful and the submission is also

successful so this is basically how you

have to do all of these assignments so

you can go over each of them one by one

and do the ones which you feel are easy

and then try to do the ones which are

harder than the previous ones so the

practice ones are week wise so if you're

doing week two make sure you're doing

also the practice 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 and 2.10 so the order in

which it's shown may not be correct so

it may show 2.1 and then 2.0 but uh

ideally you should do it like 1 2 3 4

you can also mix and match obviously

whichever you feel is easier you can do

earlier so there's no order you have to

follow but the first number is the

number of week in which it should be

done and the assignments are the task

assignments so you can do them also in

order or you can do them in any order

you find comfortable so that was it for

this tutorial so hopefully you are able

to now SSH into the VM and also have

explored how the VM is structured and

how everything is present

everywhere so just try to solve all

these assignments thank you