BIOGRAFI SULTAN HASANUDDIN

Summary

Sultan Hasanuddin, born on January 12, 1631, in Makassar, was the second son of Sultan Malikussaid, the 15th King of Gowa. A brilliant and determined leader, he showed exceptional leadership, intelligence, and diplomacy from a young age. As Sultan, he fiercely resisted the Dutch's attempt to monopolize the spice trade and exert control over Eastern Indonesia. Despite several wars and peace treaties, the Dutch's persistence weakened Gowa. Ultimately, Sultan Hasanuddin signed the 1667 Treaty of Bungaya but continued to oppose Dutch influence. His unyielding defiance earned him the title 'The Rooster of the East.'

Takeaways

• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin was born on January 12, 1631, in Makassar as the second son of Sultan Malikussaid, the 15th King of Gowa.
• 😀 His birth name was Imalondasi Muhammad Bakir Daeng Mata, Karaeng Bontomangepe, and he had a sister named IPA Timang Daeng.
• 😀 From a young age, Sultan Hasanuddin displayed exceptional leadership, intelligence, and a passion for learning.
• 😀 He was not only skilled in governance but also in socializing with people, including foreigners visiting Makassar.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin's grandfather, Sultan Alauddin, passed away when he was eight, leading to his father’s ascension to the throne in 1639.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin was involved in statecraft and military strategies from a young age, accompanying his father to important meetings.
• 😀 At 21, Sultan Hasanuddin took charge of Gowa’s defense and led efforts against Dutch attempts to control the spice trade in Eastern Indonesia.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin rejected the Dutch monopoly on trade, firmly believing in shared ownership of the earth and seas.
• 😀 The Dutch attempted to conquer Gowa in 1666 but were unsuccessful due to Sultan Hasanuddin's strategic alliances with other local kingdoms.
• 😀 Despite several peace treaties, the Dutch continued to violate agreements, leading to prolonged conflict and weakening Gowa’s defenses.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin signed the Bungaya Agreement in 1667 under duress, but continued to resist the Dutch until his abdication in 1669.
• 😀 After his abdication on June 29, 1669, Sultan Hasanuddin was replaced by his son, Sultan Hamzah, and earned the title 'Ayam Jantan dari Timur' for his relentless resistance.

Q & A

Who was Sultan Hasanuddin's father and what was his position?

Sultan Hasanuddin's father was Sultan Malikus Said, who was the 15th king of Gowa.

What was Sultan Hasanuddin's birth name?

Sultan Hasanuddin's birth name was Imalondasi Muhammad Bakir Daeng Mata, and he was also known as Karaeng Bontomangepe.

How did Sultan Hasanuddin show leadership qualities from a young age?

From a young age, Sultan Hasanuddin demonstrated remarkable leadership qualities, intelligence, and a strong drive for learning, which set him apart from his siblings.

Who did Sultan Hasanuddin interact with during his youth?

Sultan Hasanuddin interacted with many people, both within the palace and with foreign visitors who came to Makassar.

At what age did Sultan Hasanuddin's grandfather, Sultan Alauddin, pass away?

Sultan Alauddin, Sultan Hasanuddin's grandfather, passed away when Sultan Hasanuddin was 8 years old.

What role did Sultan Hasanuddin play during his father's reign?

During his father's reign, Sultan Hasanuddin often accompanied his father to important meetings, learning governance, diplomacy, and military strategy.

What was Sultan Hasanuddin's role at the age of 21?

At the age of 21, Sultan Hasanuddin was entrusted with overseeing defense matters in Gowa and helped his father defend against the Dutch.

Why did the Dutch attempt to dominate the Eastern Indonesian spice trade?

The Dutch sought to control the spice trade and monopolize the region's resources, which included limiting Makassar's trade relations with other foreign powers.

What was the outcome of Sultan Hasanuddin's resistance against the Dutch?

Sultan Hasanuddin resisted the Dutch forces for many years, but after prolonged warfare and strategic defeats, he eventually signed the Treaty of Bungaya in 1667, although the Dutch continued to violate the terms, leading to further conflict.

How did Sultan Hasanuddin's reign end?

Sultan Hasanuddin abdicated on June 29, 1669, after facing mounting pressure from the Dutch forces and internal betrayals, and was succeeded by his son, Sultan Hamzah.