SEJARAH KERAJAAN GOWA TALLO | EPISODE 07 | SULTAN HASANUDDIN

Summary

The video explores the history of Sultan Hasanuddin, the 16th King of Gowa, who ruled from 1653 to 1669. Born in 1631, he rose to power at 22, despite being considered an unlikely heir. The video details his struggles with the Dutch VOC, recounting intense battles in Sulawesi and Maluku. Sultan Hasanuddin, a skilled leader, fought fiercely to defend Gowa against colonial forces. The narrative also highlights the political and military alliances in the region, his relationship with the Bugis, and the eventual diplomatic tensions with the Dutch. This historical recount emphasizes his legacy as a resilient and strategic ruler.

Takeaways

• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin became the 16th King of Gowa in 1653 at the age of 22, despite not being the designated crown prince due to his humble birth.
• 😀 His rise to power faced opposition from the royal court, but he earned support from influential figures like Mangkubumi Karaeng Pattingaloang.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin's reign coincided with tense relations between the Kingdom of Gowa and the VOC (Dutch East India Company), particularly after Gowa's resistance to Dutch colonial ambitions.
• 😀 The conflict between the Makassar people and the VOC escalated in the 1645-1655 period, with battles occurring in several regions including Sulawesi, Maluku, and Buton.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin was a skilled military leader, having previously commanded the special forces of the Gowa Kingdom, and played a key role in resisting Dutch invasions.
• 😀 Despite fierce resistance, the Dutch were able to capture strategic locations like Luhu and Buton, but continued opposition from the Makassar forces persisted.
• 😀 The death of Mangkubumi Karaeng Pattingaloang in 1654 was a significant blow to Gowa, as his strategic guidance was crucial for the kingdom's survival during this period of crisis.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin was careful in managing relationships with other kingdoms, especially with the Bugis, as he wanted to prevent internal strife from weakening Gowa.
• 😀 The political tensions between the Gowa Kingdom and other factions like the Bugis were influenced by personal relationships, such as with La Tenri Tatta, who later became Arung Palakka of Bone.
• 😀 A diplomatic negotiation in 1655 resulted in a peace agreement between Gowa and the VOC, though tensions remained high, and further conflict ensued over issues such as the Dutch presence in Sulawesi.

Q & A

Who was Sultan Hasanuddin and when did he rule?

Sultan Hasanuddin was the 16th King of Gowa who ruled from 1653 to 1669. He ascended the throne at the age of 22.

What challenges did Sultan Hasanuddin face when he was appointed as the ruler of Gowa?

Sultan Hasanuddin faced opposition from many noble families and officials in Gowa. His appointment was controversial, as he was not initially seen as the rightful heir, and many were doubtful of his capability to govern.

Who was Mangkubumi Karaeng Pattingaloang, and what was his role in Sultan Hasanuddin's reign?

Mangkubumi Karaeng Pattingaloang was a key figure in Gowa who supported Sultan Hasanuddin’s ascension to the throne. He was instrumental in calming opposition and ensuring Hasanuddin’s rule by advising on governance during a critical period.

How did Sultan Hasanuddin's reign impact the relationship between Gowa and the Dutch VOC?

Under Sultan Hasanuddin’s rule, the relationship between Gowa and the Dutch VOC became increasingly tense and hostile. Sultan Hasanuddin led a strong resistance against Dutch expansion and interference, particularly in the Maluku Islands.

What was the significance of the battles fought between the Makassar people and the Dutch VOC?

The battles were significant as they represented the Makassar people's resistance against Dutch colonial forces. The intense fighting in places like Buton, Ambon, and Buru highlighted the strength and resilience of the Makassars, despite the technological advantage of the Dutch forces.

What role did the people of Maluku play in the resistance against the Dutch?

The people of Maluku, including those allied with Gowa, played a crucial role in resisting the Dutch VOC. They provided significant support to the Makassars in battles and even launched attacks against Dutch fortifications, such as the one on Luhu in 1654.

What was the diplomatic outcome of the negotiations between Sultan Hasanuddin and the Dutch VOC?

The diplomatic negotiations resulted in the 1655 peace treaty, where both sides agreed to withdraw forces from certain areas, and the Dutch promised not to interfere if Gowa went to war with other states. However, the Dutch were dissatisfied with the agreement and eventually chose war over peace.

Who was Arung Palakka and what role did he play in the conflict between Gowa and VOC?

Arung Palakka, born La Tenri Tatta, was a key figure in the history of Bone and Gowa. Initially a friend of Sultan Hasanuddin, he later became a powerful ally of the Dutch in their fight against Gowa, using his influence to challenge Hasanuddin’s rule and push for Bone's independence.

How did Sultan Hasanuddin manage internal political tensions, particularly with the Bugis people?

Sultan Hasanuddin was cautious in handling the Bugis people, including those from Bone, who felt oppressed by Gowa. His political savvy and personal alliances with Bugis leaders helped him navigate the complexities of maintaining control while preventing large-scale rebellion.

What was the eventual fate of Sultan Hasanuddin's rule in Gowa?

Despite his strong resistance against the Dutch and his efforts to maintain Gowa's independence, Sultan Hasanuddin ultimately faced increasing pressure from the VOC. His reign ended with Gowa’s eventual submission to Dutch control, though he remained a symbol of resistance against colonialism.