CIRCUITO PRODUCTIVO DEL TABACO

Joaquin Paz

22 Jun 202105:01

Summary

TLDRThe script discusses the tobacco production circuit in Argentina, focusing on the provinces of Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, and Catamarca. It highlights the importance of climate, soil, and humidity for successful cultivation. The process involves preparation, sowing, transplanting, weeding, harvesting, curing, and delivery. Key stakeholders include landowners, tenants, producers, rural workers, companies, and the state. The script also touches on the history of tobacco, its spread after the arrival of the conquistadors, and the environmental issues related to deforestation and chemical use in tobacco farming.

Takeaways

📍 The tobacco production circuit is primarily in the northwest and northeast regions of Argentina, with Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, Catamarca, and Chaco being the main producing provinces.
🌿 Favorable natural conditions for tobacco production include an optimal temperature range of 18 to 28 degrees Celsius and a period free from frost for 90 to 100 days.
💧 Tobacco plants are sensitive to moisture levels; both excess and lack of water can adversely affect plant development and nicotine content.
🌱 The preferred soil for tobacco is deep, loamy soil that is well-drained and rich in nutrients.
🚜 Transformations for tobacco production involve clearing the land of weeds and imperfections, as well as maintaining soil looseness and moisture.
🔄 Key activities in the tobacco production circuit include sowing, transplanting, fertilizing, irrigation, weeding, harvesting, curing, drying, classifying, and packing.
👥 The main social agents involved in the tobacco production circuit are landowners, tenants, small, medium, and large producers, rural workers, service-providing companies, producer associations, buyers, and the state.
📈 The tobacco market includes both domestic sales for cigarette production and international exports to countries like China and Belgium, though exports have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
📜 Tobacco has a historical significance in America, initially used by natives for medicinal, dietary, and ceremonial purposes. Its industrial cultivation in Argentina began during the colonial period and has evolved with technological advancements.
🌳 Environmental issues related to tobacco production include deforestation for curing wood and contamination from pesticides and fertilizers, making it a significant environmental concern.

Q & A

What is the main topic of Joaquín Barrero's presentation?
-The main topic of Joaquín Barrero's presentation is the productive circuit of tobacco, including its development, natural conditions, transformations, and social agents involved.
In which regions of the country does the tobacco productive circuit primarily take place?
-The tobacco productive circuit primarily takes place in the northwest and northeast regions of the country, with the main producing provinces being Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, and Catamarca and Chaco.
What percentage of tobacco production is attributed to Jujuy province?
-Jujuy province accounts for 86% of the tobacco production.
What are the optimal temperature ranges for tobacco cultivation?
-The optimal temperature for tobacco cultivation varies between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius during its growth phase.
How does soil texture affect the quality of tobacco harvest?
-Tobacco prefers light, deep soils that do not become waterlogged and are strong. The texture of the soil influences the quality of the harvest and the chemical content of the leaves.
What are the three transformations that society performs for tobacco production?
-The three transformations for tobacco production include cleaning the soil, preparing the environment, and ensuring proper soil moisture and a frost-free period for the plants.
What are the main activities involved in the tobacco productive circuit?
-The main activities in the tobacco productive circuit are sowing, transplanting, fertilizing, weeding, final harvesting, curing, drying, classifying, bundling, and delivering the tobacco leaves.
Who are the five social agents that intervene in the tobacco productive circuit?
-The five social agents are owners, renters, small to large producers, rural workers, companies providing services like labor and crop protection, pools or associations of producers or companies, and the state which regulates the productive circuit activities.
Where is the tobacco primarily commercialized, and for what purposes?
-Tobacco is primarily commercialized in the domestic market for industrialization and cigarette production, and in the international market for countries like China and Belgium, although exports have been affected by pandemic-related border closures.
What is the historical significance of tobacco in the Americas before the arrival of the conquistadors?
-Tobacco was originally from America and was used by the natives for medicinal purposes, as a dietary supplement, and was indispensable in religious and military ceremonies, with a mystical significance in its use.
What are the environmental problems associated with the tobacco circuit?
-The tobacco circuit is associated with deforestation, as wood is used for curing tobacco leaves, requiring 5.5 kg of wood per kg of cured tobacco. Additionally, tobacco plants require high amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, which can contaminate water sources.

Outlines

00:00

📍 Introduction to Tobacco Production

Joaquín Barrero, a 4th-year student, introduces the topic of the tobacco production circuit. He identifies the main regions in Argentina where tobacco is produced, highlighting Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, Catamarca, and Chaco as key provinces.

🌱 Natural Conditions Favoring Tobacco Production

The paragraph details the natural conditions that favor tobacco production, such as climate, temperature, humidity, and soil quality. Optimal growth temperatures range between 18-28°C, with specific humidity and soil requirements crucial for a successful harvest.

🔧 Transformations for Tobacco Production

This section explains the transformations needed for tobacco production, including soil preparation, weed removal, and ensuring proper soil conditions. These steps are vital for creating an environment conducive to growing tobacco.

🚜 Tobacco Production Activities

The paragraph outlines the activities involved in tobacco production, such as planting, transplanting, fertilizing, irrigating, weeding, harvesting, drying, classifying, packaging, and finally delivering the tobacco leaves to a processing plant.

👥 Social Agents in Tobacco Production

This section identifies the social agents involved in tobacco production, including landowners, tenants, small to large-scale producers, rural workers, service companies, producer associations, and the government, which regulates the production through laws and decrees.

📈 Tobacco Market

The paragraph discusses the markets where tobacco is sold, both domestically for cigarette production and internationally to countries like China and Belgium. The export market has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

📜 History and Modern Transformations of Tobacco Production

The history of tobacco production dates back to pre-Columbian America, where it was used for medicinal, dietary, and ceremonial purposes. The industrial cultivation began in the colonial period and has evolved with automation, except for the harvest, which remains manual.

🌍 Environmental Issues in Tobacco Production

The paragraph highlights the environmental problems caused by tobacco production, such as deforestation and water contamination from pesticides and fertilizers. The curing process of tobacco leaves also significantly contributes to deforestation.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Circuito productivo

The 'circuito productivo' refers to the entire process of production from the initial stages of growing a product to its final market stage. In the video, this concept is specifically related to the production of tobacco in various regions of Argentina. It encompasses all activities involved, from planting to harvesting, and ultimately to the sale of the product.

💡Regiones del noroeste y noreste

These regions in Argentina are the primary areas where tobacco is produced. The video highlights that the provinces within these regions, such as Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucumán, Corrientes, Catamarca, and Chaco, are major contributors to tobacco cultivation due to their favorable climatic and soil conditions.

💡Clima

Climate plays a crucial role in the tobacco production process. The video explains that optimal climates for tobacco cultivation include subtropical and temperate climates, with temperatures between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius. Specific climatic conditions, such as a frost-free period of 90 to 100 days, are necessary for successful growth from seedling to harvest.

💡Humedad

Humidity is another critical factor for tobacco growth. The video notes that both excess and lack of moisture can negatively impact the quality and yield of the tobacco crop. Proper soil moisture levels must be maintained to ensure healthy plant development, especially in dry regions where the best leaves, rich in nicotine, are produced.

💡Suelo

Soil quality significantly affects tobacco cultivation. The video mentions that tobacco plants thrive in loose, deep, well-drained soils. Soil texture influences the quality and chemical content of the tobacco leaves, making soil management a vital aspect of the production process.

💡Transformaciones realizadas por la sociedad

These transformations involve various societal efforts to prepare the environment for tobacco production. The video describes activities such as clearing the land of imperfections and weeds, removing trees, and maintaining soil looseness and moisture. These steps are essential for creating optimal growing conditions for tobacco.

💡Actividades del circuito productivo

The video outlines several activities that are part of the tobacco production circuit. These include planting, transplanting, fertilizing, irrigation, weed control, harvesting, curing, drying, classifying, packaging, and finally delivering the product. Each activity is a step in the comprehensive process that ensures the tobacco is ready for market.

💡Agentes sociales

Various social agents are involved in the tobacco production process. The video identifies these as landowners, tenants, small, medium, and large producers, rural workers, service companies, producer associations, and the state. Each of these agents plays a specific role in the production and distribution of tobacco.

💡Mercados

Tobacco is marketed both domestically and internationally. The video explains that domestically, it is sold for cigarette production, while internationally, it is exported to countries like China and Belgium. The pandemic has affected export markets, illustrating the global nature of tobacco trade.

💡Problemas ambientales

Environmental issues are a significant concern in tobacco production. The video highlights deforestation, the use of wood for curing tobacco leaves, and the extensive use of pesticides and fertilizers that contaminate water. These environmental impacts are critical challenges faced by the tobacco industry.

Highlights

The circuit productive of tobacco is mainly developed in the northwestern and northeastern regions of Argentina, with Jujuy being the largest producer at 86%.

Natural conditions such as climate, temperature, and soil type significantly influence tobacco production.

Tobacco grows best in warm climates with temperatures ranging from 18 to 28 degrees Celsius and requires a frost-free period of 90 to 100 days.

Humidity levels are crucial; too much or too little can adversely affect the quality and yield of tobacco.

The soil preferred for tobacco cultivation should be well-drained, deep, and loamy.

The preparation for tobacco production involves clearing the land, managing soil moisture, and ensuring proper soil conditions.

Key activities in the tobacco production process include sowing, transplanting, fertilizing, irrigation, weed control, harvesting, drying, sorting, and packaging.

Various social agents participate in the tobacco production circuit, including landowners, tenants, small to large producers, rural workers, service companies, cooperatives, and the state.

Tobacco is marketed both domestically, for cigarette production, and internationally, with major markets including China and Belgium.

The history of tobacco in South America dates back to pre-colonial times, where it was used medicinally and in rituals.

Tobacco cultivation became industrialized with the arrival of European immigrants, boosting the economy in various regions.

While many aspects of tobacco production have been mechanized, harvesting remains labor-intensive, leading to seasonal migrations of workers.

Environmental concerns include deforestation for curing tobacco leaves and the extensive use of pesticides and fertilizers that can contaminate water.

Tobacco is one of the leading causes of deforestation, with approximately 5.5 kg of wood needed for curing each kilogram of tobacco.

The use of pesticides and fertilizers in tobacco farming poses a significant environmental threat due to water contamination.