PEMERIKSAAN CROSSMATCH GELL

Summary

This video explains the Super Smash paint method used in blood transfusion testing. The process includes conducting a cosmetic test to assess compatibility between the donor and patient’s blood. It involves a series of steps such as centrifugation, suspension preparation, and incubating blood samples at 37°C. Results are analyzed by examining agglutination reactions in major, minor, and autocontrol tubes. Positive reactions indicate incompatibility, while negative reactions show compatibility, meaning the blood can be safely transfused. The tutorial concludes with an emphasis on the importance of accurate blood testing to ensure safe transfusion practices.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Super Smash Paint method is used to assess blood compatibility before a transfusion.
• 😀 The test ensures that the donor's and recipient's blood do not react negatively, preventing transfusion-related complications.
• 😀 Key materials for the test include micropipettes, test tubes, a centrifuge, an incubator, and blood samples from both the donor and recipient.
• 😀 The first step is centrifugation at 4000 RPM for 5 minutes to separate the erythrocytes and plasma.
• 😀 After centrifugation, a 1% suspension of recipient and donor cells is made by mixing their blood with a diluent.
• 😀 The suspension is then mixed with serum from both the recipient and the donor to assess major and minor compatibility.
• 😀 The test involves incubating the samples at 37°C for 15 minutes to allow reactions to take place.
• 😀 After incubation, the samples are centrifuged again at 1030 RPM for 10 minutes to observe agglutination.
• 😀 Results are read by evaluating the presence or absence of agglutination, indicating compatibility or incompatibility.
• 😀 Compatible results show red blood cells moving to the bottom of the gel, while incompatible results show clumping at the top of the gel.
• 😀 If incompatibility is detected in the Major and Minor tests, the donor blood cannot be used for the transfusion.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the Super Smash Paint method?

The Super Smash Paint method is used to assess the compatibility between the donor's and recipient's blood before a transfusion by checking for any agglutination reactions.

Why is centrifugation used in this method?

Centrifugation is used to separate the components of the blood, specifically separating the erythrocytes (red blood cells) from the plasma or serum. This helps in preparing the blood samples for further testing.

What materials are necessary for conducting the test?

Materials needed include micropipettes (various sizes), test tubes, a centrifuge, an incubator, diluent, and a gel for the final test and observation.

How is the cell suspension prepared for the test?

To prepare the cell suspension, 500 µL of diluent is added to two test tubes (labeled for the recipient and donor). Then, 5 µL of the recipient's and donor's red blood cells are added to the respective tubes, and the contents are homogenized.

What role does the incubator play in this process?

The incubator maintains a constant temperature of 37°C for 15 minutes to allow the reaction between the donor and recipient's blood samples to occur in the gel.

How are the test results analyzed?

The test results are analyzed by observing for agglutination in the gel. If agglutination occurs, it indicates incompatibility. If no agglutination occurs, it suggests compatibility between the donor and recipient blood.

What does a negative reaction indicate in this test?

A negative reaction, where no agglutination is observed, indicates that the donor's blood is compatible with the recipient's blood and can be safely transfused.

What does a positive agglutination reaction signify?

A positive agglutination reaction, where erythrocytes clump at the top of the gel, indicates an incompatibility between the donor and recipient blood, meaning the donor's blood cannot be used for transfusion.

What is the significance of the autocontrol in this test?

The autocontrol is used to verify that the recipient's blood does not react with its own serum. It helps ensure that any agglutination in the major and minor tests is due to incompatibility with the donor's blood, not an internal reaction.

What does it mean if the blood cells do not pass to the bottom of the gel in the test?

If the blood cells do not pass to the bottom of the gel, it indicates agglutination has occurred, showing that there is an incompatibility between the donor and recipient's blood.