Oral Pathology | Developmental Conditions | INBDE, ADAT

Summary

In this video, Ryan discusses oral pathology, focusing on conditions relevant for dental exams and patient care. He covers developmental conditions like cleft lip and palate, lip pits, and lingual thyroid, emphasizing their embryological origins. Also, he touches on common oral lesions like Fordyce granules and lymphangiomas, and their clinical presentations. The video is designed to aid dental students in recognizing and managing oral pathologies.

Takeaways

• 🎥 Ryan introduces new equipment and plans to create a series of videos on oral pathology.
• 📚 The videos aim to help with exam preparation, focusing on high-yield topics for the National Boards.
• 👨‍⚕️ Oral pathology is crucial for recognizing abnormal conditions and knowing when to perform a biopsy.
• 👶 Cleft lip occurs in about 1 in 1000 births, with unilateral cases being more common than bilateral.
• 🗣️ Cleft palate is less common than cleft lip, occurring in about 1 in 2000 births.
• 👄 Oral conditions like Fordyce granules and ranula are benign and generally do not require treatment.
• 🔍 Lingual thyroid is a developmental anomaly where thyroid tissue forms at the base of the tongue.
• 👅 Geographic tongue is characterized by migratory, annular lesions on the tongue.
• 👨‍⚕️ Fissured tongue is associated with certain syndromes like Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.
• 🩸 Angiomas are tumors composed of blood vessels or lymph vessels, with cherry angiomas being very common.
• 🦴 Developmental bone conditions like exostosis and Stafne bone defect are discussed, with the latter often mistaken for a cyst.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video series?

The main focus of the video series is oral pathology, specifically preparing for the National Boards and covering high-yield topics for each condition.

What is the significance of oral pathology in dentistry?

Oral pathology is significant in dentistry as it helps in recognizing abnormalities, knowing when to perform a biopsy, and understanding various conditions that can affect patient care.

What is the prevalence of cleft lip and cleft palate?

Cleft lip occurs approximately in one in 1,000 births, with unilateral cases being about 80% of the time and bilateral about 20%. Cleft palate is rarer, occurring in approximately one in 2,000 births.

What is the embryological cause of cleft lip?

Cleft lip is caused by a lack of fusion between the medial nasal process and the maxillary process during the development of the face.

How does a cleft palate differ from a cleft lip in terms of embryological structures?

Cleft palate is due to a lack of fusion between the palatal shelves, which is different from cleft lip that involves the medial nasal and maxillary processes.

What are Fordyce granules and where are they typically found?

Fordyce granules are ectopic sebaceous glands that are benign and require no treatment. They are typically found on the buccal mucosa or labial mucosa inside the lips.

What is the characteristic feature of ranula?

Ranula is characterized by a collection of fluid (mucosa) in the buccal mucosa, which dissipates when the cheek is stretched.

What is a lingual thyroid and where is it typically located?

A lingual thyroid is a mass of thyroid tissue located at the midline base of the tongue, along the embryonic path of thyroid descent.

What is geographic tongue and what does it look like?

Geographic tongue is characterized by white annular lesions surrounding central red islands that migrate over time on the tongue.

What is fissured tongue and what is its association with syndromes?

Fissured tongue is a condition with folds and furrows on the tongue's dorsum and is associated with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome and Fisher syndrome.

What are angiomas and what types are discussed in the video?

Angiomas are tumors composed of blood vessels or lymph vessels. The video discusses cherry angiomas, hemangiomas, and lymphangiomas.

What is the difference between a dermoid cyst and a thyroglossal duct cyst?

A dermoid cyst contains various adnexal structures and can present either intraorally or extraorally, while a thyroglossal duct cyst is a midline neck swelling related to the embryonic path of the thyroid gland.

What is Sturge-Weber syndrome and how is it related to angiomas?

Sturge-Weber syndrome involves angiomas of the leptomeninges and skin along the trigeminal nerve distribution, making it related to the presence of angiomas in specific areas.

What is the difference between a traumatic bone cyst and other types of bone cysts?

A traumatic bone cyst, also known as a simple bone cyst or idiopathic bone cavity, is a large radiolucency that is scalloped around roots and lacks an epithelial lining, making it a pseudocyst rather than a true cyst.