Apa itu kurikulum?

Summary

This script delves into the concept of curriculum within the broader context of education, emphasizing its philosophical, psychological, and sociological foundations. It discusses the curriculum's role in supporting educational goals, which are influenced by various philosophical perspectives and societal needs. The video explores different educational approaches, including behavioristic, academic, humanistic, and postmodern views, each impacting curriculum development and implementation. It also covers the curriculum's evolution from traditional to more flexible and student-centered models, highlighting its significance in shaping a just and democratic society.

Takeaways

• 📚 The script discusses the concept of curriculum in the context of education, emphasizing its philosophical, psychological, and sociological foundations.
• 🌟 Curriculum is seen as a broad concept that encompasses not only planned learning experiences but also unplanned ones that influence student development.
• 🏫 The purpose of education and learning is influenced by philosophical, psychological, and sociological considerations, which in turn shape the curriculum.
• 🤔 The curriculum is a part of the educational system, consisting of interconnected elements that work together to achieve educational goals.
• 📈 The script highlights different educational philosophies such as essentialism, progressivism, and re-constructionism, each influencing curriculum development and implementation.
• 🧠 Psychological perspectives on curriculum include behaviorist, cognitive, and humanistic approaches, focusing on changing behavior, understanding and processing information, and holistic human development.
• 👥 Sociological influences on curriculum consider social diversity, class, social change, values, traditions, and culture, shaping what is learned and how it contributes to social order.
• 🌐 Curriculum is also viewed as a field of study, examining its theoretical and philosophical concepts, and its role in shaping society and individual growth.
• 🔄 The script mentions various approaches to curriculum development, including behavioristic, academic, integrated, managerial, and humanistic, each with its own focus and implications for learning.
• 📝 The importance of curriculum as a dynamic and evolving entity is emphasized, needing constant adaptation to societal changes and human development.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of the discussion in the script?

The primary focus of the discussion is on the concept of curriculum, particularly in the context of non-formal education. It delves into the philosophical, psychological, and sociological foundations of curriculum development and implementation.

What are the three main considerations in the objectives of education and teaching according to the script?

The script mentions that the objectives of education and teaching are based on three main considerations: philosophical, psychological, and sociological aspects.

How does the script define curriculum?

The script defines curriculum as a component of the education system, encompassing all planned and unplanned learning experiences that contribute to student development, and it is influenced by philosophical, psychological, and sociological considerations.

What are the four philosophical foundations of curriculum mentioned in the script?

The script outlines four philosophical foundations of curriculum: essentialism, perennialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism.

What is the main idea behind essentialism in curriculum as discussed in the script?

Essentialism in curriculum emphasizes maintaining knowledge and values from the past, focusing on a fixed set of core subjects and skills that are considered essential for students to master.

How does the script describe the perspective of progressivism in curriculum development?

Progressivism, as described in the script, focuses on the present and future, emphasizing the importance of problem-solving skills and critical thinking to prepare students for democratic living. It also advocates for interdisciplinary learning and student-centered experiences.

What does reconstructionism in curriculum aim to achieve according to the script?

Reconstructionism in curriculum aims to reconstruct society to be more democratic and just. It focuses on social justice and the role of education in empowering students, teachers, and schools as agents of social change.

What are the three psychological foundations of curriculum discussed in the script?

The script discusses three psychological foundations of curriculum: behaviorist, cognitivist, and humanistic approaches.

How does the behaviorist approach view the curriculum in terms of student learning?

The behaviorist approach views curriculum as a set of stimuli designed to elicit specific behaviors from students, focusing on observable actions and measurable outcomes.

What is the humanistic approach's perspective on curriculum as mentioned in the script?

The humanistic approach to curriculum emphasizes the whole person, valuing the individual's subjective experiences, emotions, and the importance of motivation and self-actualization in learning.

How does the script suggest the sociological foundation of curriculum is influenced?

The script suggests that the sociological foundation of curriculum is influenced by societal diversity, social change, values, traditions, and culture, which all contribute to shaping the content and goals of education.