Genetic Counseling of Hemoglobinopathies

Summary

Angela Pasqua's presentation highlights the significance of genetic counseling, discussing its role in helping individuals understand and adapt to genetic conditions. It covers the process of genetic counseling, its impact on families, and the importance of communication, non-directiveness, and addressing personal beliefs and feelings.

Takeaways

• 🧬 Genetic counseling is a critical process that helps individuals understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 It integrates family and medical history interpretation, education about inheritance, and counseling to promote informed decision-making and adaptation to genetic risks or conditions.
• 🤔 Genetic counseling focuses on helping individuals understand, accept, and adapt to a genetic diagnosis and its impact on themselves and their family members.
• 🌐 The World Health Organization estimates that at least 5% of adults have genetic disorders, with Thalassemia affecting about 2.9% of the population.
• 🧐 Patients' beliefs about the cause of genetic diseases, such as Thalassemia, can significantly influence their understanding and treatment adherence.
• 🏥 Early screening and understanding the severity of a genetic disease can empower patients to take proactive actions for their health.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍ When a disorder appears to run in a family, it may be due to inherited genetic mutations or a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
• 💔 The birth of a child with a genetic defect can lead to feelings of guilt and shame in parents, which is a common psychological response addressed in genetic counseling.
• 📈 Genetic counseling has been shown to have a positive impact on families, reducing anxiety and improving communication about genetic conditions.
• 🌟 The benefits of genetic counseling include providing information, psychosocial support, anticipatory guidance, facilitating family communication, and aiding in decision-making.
• 🗣️ Communication and the use of language in genetic counseling are vital, as they can significantly affect patients' understanding and emotional responses to genetic information.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of genetic counseling?

Genetic counseling is a process that helps people understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions. It integrates the interpretation of family and medical history, education about inheritance and testing, and counseling to promote informed decision-making and adaptation to the risk or condition.

What does the World Health Organization estimate regarding the prevalence of genetic disorders among adults?

The World Health Organization estimates that at least 5% of adults have genetic disorders, with about 2.9% having serious genetic conditions.

What is the significance of genetic counseling in understanding a genetic diagnosis and its impact on an individual and their family?

Genetic counseling focuses on understanding, accepting, and adapting to a genetic diagnosis and its impact. It helps clients understand the diagnosis, prognosis, and recurrence risks, and it explores the role of personal beliefs and adaptation, promoting a sense of personal control and mastery.

Why is early screening important for individuals with genetic disorders?

Early screening is important because it can help individuals understand the severity of the disease, enabling them to take proactive actions and make informed decisions about their health and family planning.

How do patients perceive the cause of genetic diseases according to the qualitative study mentioned in the script?

According to the qualitative study with Malaysian patients with thalassemia, patients understood the disease as inherited from parents with thalassemia genes. They also recognized blood transfusion as a crucial treatment, especially for those with major and intermediate thalassemia.

What are some of the psychological responses observed in parents during genetic counseling?

Parents often experience feelings of guilt and shame when a child is born with a genetic or congenital defect. These psychological responses are frequently observed during genetic counseling as parents review the details of the diagnosis and struggle to find meaning in the occurrence.

What is the impact of genetic counseling on families with newborns identified to have an abnormal hemoglobin trait?

Genetic counseling after the detection of an abnormal newborn screening is a positive experience, providing answers and addressing concerns to client satisfaction. It leads to openness in discussing the condition within families and is beneficial in reducing anxiety and improving communication.

What are the benefits of genetic counseling as identified in the study by Bernhard and colleagues?

The benefits include the provision of information and acquisition of knowledge, psychosocial support, anticipatory guidance (medical and psychosocial), facilitating family communication, and aid in decision-making.

How does genetic counseling address the language and communication challenges in conveying complex genetic information?

Genetic counseling recognizes the importance of language and communication. It presents complex genetic information in a meaningful and non-judgmental way that is relevant to the individual, ensuring that the information is understood and absorbed effectively.

What is the concept of 'non-directiveness' in genetic counseling, and why is it important?

Non-directiveness is a term coined by Carl Rogers to describe his psychotherapeutic approach of not advising, interpreting, or guiding his clients. In genetic counseling, it shows respect for the autonomy of clients, helping them arrive at the best decisions from their personal perspectives without guiding them towards any particular decision.

What is the significance of the 'teachable moment' in genetic counseling?

The 'teachable moment' is the point at which an individual, couple, or family is most able to comprehend and absorb the information being given. It is often after the initial shock and denial have subsided, and the person has formulated questions related to the significance of genetic information.

Outlines

00:00

🧬 Genetic Counseling and Its Psychological Impacts

Angela Pasqua discusses the importance of genetic counseling, which is a process to help individuals understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions. The summary highlights how genetic counseling integrates family and medical history interpretation, education about inheritance, and psychological support. It also touches upon the ethical considerations and the role of personal beliefs in adaptation. The paragraph emphasizes understanding and accepting a genetic diagnosis and its impact on the individual and family, including the role of genetic counseling in addressing concerns about disease causation and inheritance, especially in the context of autosomal recessive conditions like thalassemia and sickle cell trait.

05:02

🤰 Reproductive Behaviors and Genetic Counseling Outcomes

This section delves into the reproductive behaviors of families with a history of genetic disorders, focusing on the motivations behind conception and the influence of genetic counseling on these decisions. The summary outlines a study from Iran that investigated the reasons mothers had for conceiving, including the desire for a healthy child. It also discusses the increase in genetic counseling visits after the birth of an affected child. The benefits of genetic counseling are highlighted, such as providing information, psychosocial support, anticipatory guidance, facilitating family communication, and aiding in decision-making. The summary underscores the positive experiences reported by families post-counseling, including relief from anxiety and improved understanding of genetic conditions.

10:03

🗣️ The Role of Communication in Genetic Counseling

The final paragraph emphasizes the critical role of communication in genetic counseling, including the importance of language and the concept of non-directiveness. The summary explains that genetic counselors aim to provide information in a way that is understandable and relevant to the individual, taking advantage of 'teachable moments' when clients are most receptive to information. It also discusses the principle of non-directiveness in genetic counseling, which respects the autonomy of clients and supports them in making decisions based on personal perspectives without guiding them towards any particular choice. The paragraph concludes with a reiteration of the importance of genetic counseling, tailored to each individual's needs and circumstances.

Keywords

💡Genetic counseling

Genetic counseling is a process that helps individuals understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions to certain conditions. In the video, it is described as integrating the interpretation of family and medical histories, education about inheritance and testing, and counseling to promote informed decisions and adaptation to the risk or condition. It is a key theme as it addresses how individuals and families can cope with genetic diagnoses and their impacts.

💡Genetic disorders

Genetic disorders refer to health conditions caused by changes or mutations in genes. The script mentions disorders like thalassemia and sickle cell trait, which are inherited conditions. These disorders are significant in the context of the video as they highlight the importance of genetic counseling in understanding and managing these conditions.

💡Mutations

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to genetic disorders. The script discusses how mutations in genes can cause conditions like thalassemia, emphasizing the role of genetic counseling in educating individuals about these genetic changes and their implications.

💡Inheritance

Inheritance in the context of genetics refers to the passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring. The script mentions autosomal recessive conditions and how they are inherited, highlighting the importance of understanding inheritance patterns in genetic counseling.

💡Risk perception

Risk perception is how individuals perceive the likelihood of an event occurring, such as having a child with a genetic disorder. The script discusses how patients may overestimate or underestimate reproductive risks, which can influence their decisions about marriage and family planning.

💡Genetic testing

Genetic testing involves analyzing DNA to identify changes that may be associated with genetic disorders. The script mentions genetic counseling that includes education about genetic testing, which is crucial for individuals to make informed decisions about their health and family planning.

💡Psychosocial support

Psychosocial support in genetic counseling refers to the emotional and social assistance provided to individuals and families dealing with genetic conditions. The script describes how genetic counselors provide support by listening, validating concerns, and empowering clients, which is essential in helping them cope with their situation.

💡Non-directive

Non-directive in genetic counseling means that counselors do not guide clients towards specific decisions but rather help them explore options from their personal perspectives. The script emphasizes the importance of respecting clients' autonomy and supporting them in making their own decisions.

💡Family communication

Family communication in the context of genetic counseling is about facilitating discussions among family members about genetic conditions and their implications. The script notes that genetic counseling can improve communication within families, which is crucial for shared understanding and decision-making.

💡Teachable moment

A teachable moment in genetic counseling is a point at which an individual, couple, or family is most receptive to understanding and absorbing genetic information. The script suggests that this moment often comes after initial shock and denial have subsided, making it an opportune time for genetic counselors to provide information.

💡Cultural beliefs

Cultural beliefs refer to the societal and traditional views that individuals hold, which can influence their understanding and response to genetic conditions. The script mentions how beliefs regarding the cause of diseases like thalassemia can affect how patients perceive their condition and the importance of genetic counseling in addressing these beliefs.

Highlights

Angela Pasqua emphasizes the importance of genetic counseling and its impact on individuals and families.

Genetic counseling helps people understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions.

The process of genetic counseling includes interpretation of family and medical studies, education about inheritance, and counseling to promote informed decisions.

Genetic counseling focuses on understanding, accepting, and adapting to a genetic diagnosis and its impact on individuals and families.

A qualitative study among Malaysian patients with thalassemia revealed beliefs about the cause of the disease and the importance of blood transfusions.

Early screening for genetic disorders can benefit patients by allowing them to take proactive actions based on the severity of the disease.

Some disorders that appear to run in families are not solely caused by genetic mutations but can also be influenced by environmental factors.

A study from Malaysia indicates that knowledge about being carriers could influence decisions about marriage and having children.

Parents often blame themselves or medical professionals for the lack of information regarding genetic disorders.

Guilt and shame are common psychological responses in parents of children with genetic or congenital defects.

Risk perception varies among individuals, with some overestimating reproductive risks associated with autosomal recessive conditions.

A study in Iran investigated reproductive behaviors in families with affected children, finding motivations for conception and the role of genetic counseling.

Genetic counseling after newborn screening is seen as a positive experience, addressing questions and alleviating anxiety for families.

The study by Bernhard and colleagues outlines the benefits of genetic counseling, including the provision of information and psychosocial support.

Genetic counselors play a crucial role in facilitating family communication and aiding in decision-making processes.

The use of language in genetic counseling is pivotal, as it can significantly impact patients' understanding and emotional responses.

Non-directiveness in genetic counseling respects the autonomy of individuals, helping them make decisions based on personal perspectives.

Genetic counseling is essential for individuals at risk, who must learn all the facts, consider the issues, and make informed decisions.

Transcripts

I am Angela Pasqua and I will be cursing

the importance of genetic concept you need

the contents of my president

we are as fathers over the

on issues and the impact in the the net incomes

the

umbrella

both are caused by mutations

and are the chance in the alpha or better

when GP effects cause him of even synthesis

the orders this gets rise the cavity yeah

long even structure in these cases are not

when they cost changes in hivon living structure

this gives you guys the abnormal

The Road

Health Organization estimates that group of the

at least 5% of adults are genetic areas

for a hip hop in condition

about 2.9% for Palestines

has because he discussed

genetic counseling

is the process of helping people understand and adapt

the medical psychological

and familiar implication genetic contributions

this process integrates

interpretation of family and medical studies

education about inheritance testing

management revenge

gun resources and research

and counseling to promote informed places

adaptation to the risk or condition

genetic counseling focuses and understanding

accepting and adapting to a genetic diagnosis or is

and their impact on the individual

at a family member is already affected with condition

and the clients are seeking to understand

the diagnosis prognosis and the recurgence

so in a genetic answering session

we discuss the client understanding

of course as it relates for scientific explanation

and the client's reputation

explore the role of personal belief

and the role in adaptation

and to promote feelings with personal control

and mastery home vision ethical

I will now be discussing some issues

and concerns of individual planets affected with him

but the first

issue is beliefs regarding the cause of the disease

so this is from a qualative study

Idan Amore

Malaysian patients with alasemia

it was observed that patients understood

alasemia as it is inhabited from parents with alasemia

genes was also found

that blood transfusion is the most important treatment

to those with alasemia

especially that palestinia

major in and intermediate vaccine

and most of the participants admitted

having inherited palestinia

from their parents because of a genetic factor

patients perceive that

early screening can benefit them

and by knowing the severity of the disease

they can take approach actions

what does it mean

if a disorder seems to run in my family

particular particular disorder

might be described as running in the family

if more than one person in the family has

some disorders that affect multiple family members

are caused by patients

which can be inherited as known for parent

the child

and other conditions that appear to run in families

are not caused by mutations in single

environmental factors

such as dietary habits or a combination

genetic

environmental factors are responsible for these burgers

the next issue for the patient and family is built

and so these are studies um from Malaysia and

some parents indicated during the discussion

that if they had known they were carriers

they would have

changed their decision about their presence house

however

some said they would have proceeded with a marriage

but refrain from having children

and other lessons affected without a senior engage

either in self or other directed

their data showed that all

educated respondents blame others

either their parents or the medical professional

majority blame their parents

lack of medical information

awareness and

if you reported medical apathy and insensitivity

as the main reasons

the birth of a child with a genetic or congenital

defect is frequently associated with thoughts

and feelings of guilt and shame

in the parents

these psychological responses are observed

frequently in genetic counseling

as parents review this vertical details

and struggle to find these causes

and meaning in the occurrence

the next issue is risk perception

when autosomal recessive condition

there is a 25% switch

does the global view that 25% as the big or small risk

over estimates reproductive risk

may lead to long term decision or go marriage

and the next issue is to be sung

or returns for contemption

so this was done in Iran this is a descriptive

scripting study that was designed to investigate

the reproductive behaviors

in families

the palace each mothers participated in the study

they have at least one child affected with that

the findings of their research indicated that

the reason for conception

among these mothers was to have a healthy child

to have a child

and some have an inadequate number of children

um a few

mothers had a genetic consultation before marriage

and it was shown in the study

that after the birth of the first afflicted child

there was an increase in the rate

visits for consultation

we will now go to the impact of

genetic counseling to affected families

according to this study

on the impact of Newborn screening

and genetic counseling on the lives of families

in which an abnormal hemoglobin

trait had been identified

genetic counseling

after detection upon abnormal Newborn speaking

is a positive experience

questions were answered

and addressed to the client satisfaction

although previously

there had been limited discussion about sickle cell

trait within families

after genetic counseling

there was an openness discussed this partners

the counseling was beneficial to their families

is evident from the fact that

despite concerns

that receiving abnormal trait information

within itself cause anxiety

the participants

overwhelmingly reported a relief of anxiety

after their constipation

some parents indicated that they felt guilty or upset

that their child had an abnormal demo of trade

the parents who describe feeling guilty or upset

on learning of trade in their baby

may have felt these emotions from the information

rather than the genetic counsel

some believe that their partner blamed them

for their child's adults

as further proof of their positive experience

the majority of servant individuals indicated

that they would recommend genetic counseling

and death fathers

these are the outcomes

and benefits of genetic counseling

based on the results of the study by Bernhard

and colleagues so

the first one is provision of information

and acquisition of college

to that the genetic counselors interviewed in the study

agreed that improving client knowledge

primary goal of genetic counseling

they recognize that many clients want a grade

of information

most clients made a point of commenting on how the

police they were

not only with the content

but with the manner in which the information was given

some clients said that

the genetic counseling visit was valuable

because the genetic counselor helped them

evaluate the information they received

from other sources such as books or the internet

the clients interviewed also

recognized

that information about genetics is complicated

and appreciated the efforts of genetic counselors

explain things in ways they could understand

and the next benefit is psychosocial support

that the genetic counselor spoke of

providing psychosocial support

largely in terms of listening

invalidating concerns

empowering the client

and in providing supportive counseling

with regard to decision making

the clients over often spoke of psychosocial support

in terms of the

encouragement they received during their

genetic counseling

the next benefit is antisipatory guidance

so

a distinction was made between antisipatory guidance

with regards to medical aspects of a disorder

giving them advice about what the

not

giving them guidance about what the natural history

the disease is

and what steps might be recommended at certain times

on the line and psychosocial and despiratory guidance

just preparing for possible feelings

that might come about in the future

in the next is um facilitating family communication

so this improvement resulted from the

emphasis on the family

in genetic counseling session

or from the inclusion of partners or other relatives

in the session

about one

half of the clients spoke about how genetic counseling

in one way or another LED to improve communication

either with their partner or within their family

and the next is aid in decision making

the genetic counselors agree that helping clients

reach decisions

is an important goal of

genetic counseling

and that a good and autonomous decision

could be an outcome

the use of language is important

because

genetic counseling is dependent on communication

in the meanings and implications of terminology

commonly used in health may be altered

in discussing genetic issues

the language may have

a very different impact on the patients and clients

or face to the diagnosis

in themselves or in their feet

a child the genetic information is complex

and needs to be presented in a meaningful and non

judgmental way that is relevant to the individual

needs to be planned

the teachable moment

is the point at which an individual

couple or family

most able to comprehend

and absorb the information being given

most each of more

each of our moments might come later

after the initial information has been absorbed

and the person has

formulated questions related to the significance

of genetic information so

this is usually after some of the early shock

and denial have subsided

the non directiveness is the term coined by Carl Rogers

describe his

psychotherapeutic approach of not advising

interpreting or guiding his clients

so this should not be taken

it should not be mistaken for positivity

the commitment to non directive messenger

at Genetic Counseling arises from respect for

or the parents autonomy institution thinking

this is generally taken to mean that genetic conceptors

and clinical geneticists

are trying to help their clients arrive

the best decisions from personal perspectives

and they're not guiding them towards any particular

decision

something

sounds like genetic counseling should be non directive

are

people at risk often

have first hand experience of

the condition in question

unlike most of their advisors

they have to learn all the facts

think the issues

and reach a decision that they must live with

for the rest of their lives

the right choice for a given individual

among the options actually available

is likely to be determined by many factors

including their social and religious attitude

personal experiences economic and educational level

and family and reproductivity

the 4 that they call points

is genetic counseling really important

short answer is yes genetic counseling is a process

genetic counseling differs for each individual

communication and use of language are important

take advantage the teachable movement

non directiveness is encouraged

and personal beliefs and feelings of the parent

or patient

must be acknowledged to better understand them

that is my presentation for today

and thank you for your attention

I am Angela Pasqua and I will be cursing

the importance of genetic concept you need

the contents of my president

we are as fathers over the

on issues and the impact in the the net incomes

the

umbrella

both are caused by mutations

and are the chance in the alpha or better

when GP effects cause him of even synthesis

the orders this gets rise the cavity yeah

long even structure in these cases are not

when they cost changes in hivon living structure

this gives you guys the abnormal

The Road

Health Organization estimates that group of the

at least 5% of adults are genetic areas

for a hip hop in condition

about 2.9% for Palestines

has because he discussed

genetic counseling

is the process of helping people understand and adapt

the medical psychological

and familiar implication genetic contributions

this process integrates

interpretation of family and medical studies

education about inheritance testing

management revenge

gun resources and research

and counseling to promote informed places

adaptation to the risk or condition

genetic counseling focuses and understanding

accepting and adapting to a genetic diagnosis or is

and their impact on the individual

at a family member is already affected with condition

and the clients are seeking to understand

the diagnosis prognosis and the recurgence

so in a genetic answering session

we discuss the client understanding

of course as it relates for scientific explanation

and the client's reputation

explore the role of personal belief

and the role in adaptation

and to promote feelings with personal control

and mastery home vision ethical

I will now be discussing some issues

and concerns of individual planets affected with him

but the first

issue is beliefs regarding the cause of the disease

so this is from a qualative study

Idan Amore

Malaysian patients with alasemia

it was observed that patients understood

alasemia as it is inhabited from parents with alasemia

genes was also found

that blood transfusion is the most important treatment

to those with alasemia

especially that palestinia

major in and intermediate vaccine

and most of the participants admitted

having inherited palestinia

from their parents because of a genetic factor

patients perceive that

early screening can benefit them

and by knowing the severity of the disease

they can take approach actions

what does it mean

if a disorder seems to run in my family

particular particular disorder

might be described as running in the family

if more than one person in the family has

some disorders that affect multiple family members

are caused by patients

which can be inherited as known for parent

the child

and other conditions that appear to run in families

are not caused by mutations in single

environmental factors

such as dietary habits or a combination

genetic

environmental factors are responsible for these burgers

the next issue for the patient and family is built

and so these are studies um from Malaysia and

some parents indicated during the discussion

that if they had known they were carriers

they would have

changed their decision about their presence house

however

some said they would have proceeded with a marriage

but refrain from having children

and other lessons affected without a senior engage

either in self or other directed

their data showed that all

educated respondents blame others

either their parents or the medical professional

majority blame their parents

lack of medical information

awareness and

if you reported medical apathy and insensitivity

as the main reasons

the birth of a child with a genetic or congenital

defect is frequently associated with thoughts

and feelings of guilt and shame

in the parents

these psychological responses are observed

frequently in genetic counseling

as parents review this vertical details

and struggle to find these causes

and meaning in the occurrence

the next issue is risk perception

when autosomal recessive condition

there is a 25% switch

does the global view that 25% as the big or small risk

over estimates reproductive risk

may lead to long term decision or go marriage

and the next issue is to be sung

or returns for contemption

so this was done in Iran this is a descriptive

scripting study that was designed to investigate

the reproductive behaviors

in families

the palace each mothers participated in the study

they have at least one child affected with that

the findings of their research indicated that

the reason for conception

among these mothers was to have a healthy child

to have a child

and some have an inadequate number of children

Um iilan

Ang mga ina ay nagkaroon ng genetic consultation bago ang kasal

at ito ay ipinakita sa pag-aaral

na pagkatapos ng kapanganakan ng unang naghihirap na bata

nagkaroon ng pagtaas sa rate

mga pagbisita para sa konsultasyon

pupunta tayo ngayon sa epekto ng

genetic counseling sa mga apektadong pamilya

ayon sa pag-aaral na ito

sa epekto ng Newborn screening

at genetic counseling sa buhay ng mga pamilya

kung saan ang isang abnormal na hemoglobin

Natukoy ang katangian

genetic na pagpapayo

After detection sa abnormal na pagsasalita ng Newborn

ay isang positibong karanasan

nasagot ang mga tanong

at tinutugunan sa kasiyahan ng kliyente

bagaman dati

nagkaroon ng limitadong talakayan tungkol sa sickle cell

katangian sa loob ng mga pamilya

pagkatapos ng genetic counseling

nagkaroon ng pagiging bukas na tinalakay ang mga kasosyong ito

Ang pagpapayo ay kapaki-pakinabang sa kanilang mga pamilya

ay maliwanag mula sa katotohanan na

sa kabila ng mga alalahanin

na tumatanggap ng abnormal na impormasyon ng katangian

sa loob mismo ay nagdudulot ng pagkabalisa

ang mga kalahok

Napakaraming nag-ulat ng kaluwagan ng pagkabalisa

pagkatapos ng kanilang paninigas ng dumi

ilang mga magulang ang nagpahiwatig na sila ay nagkasala o nabalisa

na ang kanilang anak ay may abnormal na demo ng kalakalan

ang mga magulang na naglalarawan ng pakiramdam na nagkasala o nabalisa

sa pag-aaral ng kalakalan sa kanilang sanggol

Maaaring naramdaman ang mga emosyong ito mula sa impormasyon

sa halip na ang genetic counsel

Naniniwala ang ilan na sinisi sila ng kanilang partner

para sa mga matatanda ng kanilang anak

bilang karagdagang patunay ng kanilang positibong karanasan

ipinahiwatig ng karamihan ng mga indibidwal na tagapaglingkod

na magrerekomenda sila ng genetic counseling

at mga ama ng kamatayan

ito ang mga kinalabasan

at mga benepisyo ng genetic counseling

batay sa mga resulta ng pag-aaral ni Bernhard

at mga kasamahan kaya

ang una ay ang pagbibigay ng impormasyon

at pagkuha ng kolehiyo

na ang mga genetic counselor na nakapanayam sa pag-aaral

sumang-ayon na ang pagpapabuti ng kaalaman ng kliyente

pangunahing layunin ng genetic counseling

kinikilala nila na maraming kliyente ang gusto ng grado

ng impormasyon

karamihan sa mga kliyente ay gumawa ng isang punto ng pagkomento sa kung paano ang

Pulis sila noon

hindi lamang sa nilalaman

ngunit sa paraan kung saan ibinigay ang impormasyon

sabi ng ilang kliyente

ang pagbisita sa genetic counseling ay mahalaga

dahil tinulungan sila ng genetic counselor

Suriin ang impormasyong kanilang natanggap

mula sa iba pang mga mapagkukunan tulad ng mga libro o internet

nakapanayam din ang mga kliyente

kinikilala

na ang impormasyon tungkol sa genetika ay kumplikado

at pinahahalagahan ang mga pagsisikap ng mga genetic counselor

Ipaliwanag ang mga bagay sa mga paraan na mauunawaan nila

at ang susunod na benepisyo ay psychosocial support

na binanggit ng genetic counselor

pagbibigay ng psychosocial na suporta

higit sa lahat sa mga tuntunin ng pakikinig

nagpapawalang-bisa sa mga alalahanin

pagbibigay kapangyarihan sa kliyente

at sa pagbibigay ng suportang pagpapayo

patungkol sa paggawa ng desisyon

madalas magsalita ang mga kliyente tungkol sa suportang psychosocial

sa mga tuntunin ng

paghihikayat na kanilang natanggap sa panahon ng kanilang

genetic na pagpapayo

ang susunod na benepisyo ay antisipatory guidance

kaya

isang pagkakaiba ang ginawa sa pagitan ng antisipatory guidance

patungkol sa mga medikal na aspeto ng isang karamdaman

pagbibigay sa kanila ng payo tungkol sa kung ano ang

hindi

pagbibigay sa kanila ng gabay tungkol sa kung ano ang natural na kasaysayan

ang sakit ay

at kung anong mga hakbang ang maaaring irekomenda sa ilang partikular na oras

On the line at psychosocial at despiratory na patnubay

Naghahanda lang para sa mga posibleng nararamdaman

na maaaring mangyari sa hinaharap

sa susunod ay um facilitating family communication

kaya ang pagpapabuti na ito ay nagresulta mula sa

diin sa pamilya

sa sesyon ng genetic counseling

o mula sa pagsasama ng mga kasosyo o iba pang mga kamag-anak

sa session

tungkol sa isa

kalahati ng mga kliyente ay nagsalita tungkol sa kung paano genetic counseling

sa isang paraan o ibang LED upang mapabuti ang komunikasyon

alinman sa kanilang kapareha o sa loob ng kanilang pamilya

at ang susunod ay tulong sa paggawa ng desisyon

Sumasang-ayon ang mga genetic counselor na ang pagtulong sa mga kliyente

maabot ang mga desisyon

ay isang mahalagang layunin ng

genetic na pagpapayo

at iyon ay isang mahusay at nagsasarili na desisyon

maaaring maging resulta

ang paggamit ng wika ay mahalaga

kasi

Ang genetic counseling ay nakasalalay sa komunikasyon

sa mga kahulugan at implikasyon ng terminolohiya

Karaniwang ginagamit sa kalusugan ay maaaring mabago

sa pagtalakay sa mga isyung genetic

maaaring mayroon ang wika

ibang-iba ang epekto sa mga pasyente at kliyente

o harapin ang diagnosis

sa kanilang sarili o sa kanilang mga paa

isang bata ang genetic na impormasyon ay kumplikado

at kailangang iharap sa isang makabuluhan at hindi

mapanghusgang paraan na may kaugnayan sa indibidwal

kailangang planuhin

ang sandali na madaling turuan

ay ang punto kung saan ang isang indibidwal

mag-asawa o pamilya

pinaka kayang intindihin

at sumipsip ng impormasyong ibinibigay

karamihan sa bawat isa sa higit pa

Baka mamaya dumating ang bawat sandali natin

pagkatapos ma-absorb ang paunang impormasyon

at ang tao ay mayroon

mga nabuong tanong na may kaugnayan sa kahalagahan

ng genetic information kaya

Ito ay karaniwang pagkatapos ng ilang maagang pagkabigla

at humupa na ang pagtanggi

The non directiveness ay ang terminong likha ni Carl Rogers

ilarawan ang kanyang

Psychotherapeutic na diskarte ng hindi pagpapayo

Pagbibigay-kahulugan o paggabay sa kanyang mga kliyente

kaya hindi ito dapat kunin

hindi ito dapat ipagkamali sa pagiging positibo

ang pangako sa hindi direktiba na mensahero

At ang Genetic Counseling ay nagmumula sa paggalang sa

o ang mga magulang awtonomiya institusyon pag-iisip

ito ay karaniwang kinuha sa ibig sabihin na genetic conceptors

at mga klinikal na geneticist

Sinusubukang tulungan ang kanilang mga kliyente na makarating

ang pinakamahusay na mga desisyon mula sa mga personal na pananaw

at hindi nila ginagabayan sila patungo sa anumang partikular

desisyon

isang bagay

parang hindi direktiba ang genetic counseling

ay

mga taong nasa panganib madalas

magkaroon ng unang karanasan sa

ang kondisyong pinag-uusapan

Hindi tulad ng karamihan sa kanilang mga tagapayo

kailangan nilang matutunan ang lahat ng katotohanan

isipin ang mga isyu

at maabot ang isang desisyon na dapat nilang mabuhay

para sa natitirang bahagi ng kanilang buhay

ang tamang pagpipilian para sa isang partikular na indibidwal

kabilang sa mga opsyon na aktwal na magagamit

ay malamang na matukoy ng maraming mga kadahilanan

kasama ang kanilang panlipunan at relihiyosong saloobin

mga personal na karanasan sa antas ng ekonomiya at edukasyon

at pamilya at reproductivity

The 4 na tinatawag nilang points

Mahalaga ba talaga ang genetic counseling

Ang maikling sagot ay oo ang genetic counseling ay isang proseso

Ang genetic counseling ay naiiba para sa bawat indibidwal

Mahalaga ang komunikasyon at paggamit ng wika

Samantalahin ang kilusang madaling turuan

Hinihikayat ang hindi direktiba

at personal na paniniwala at damdamin ng magulang

o pasyente

Dapat kilalanin upang mas maunawaan ang mga ito

yan ang presentation ko para sa araw na ito

at salamat sa iyong atensyon