COMUNICAÇÃO ORAL E ESCRITA_AULA 01

Summary

This video lecture introduces the fundamentals of oral and written communication. It explores key concepts such as language, which enables interaction through shared codes like Portuguese, and the distinction between language and individual languages. The instructor explains communication elements—emitter, receiver, message, channel, code, and context—and delves into the structure of linguistic signs, linking form and meaning. The session also covers the six functions of language, from emotive and referential to poetic and metalinguistic, using examples like diaries, advertisements, poems, and dictionaries. Through clear explanations and practical illustrations, viewers gain a solid foundation for understanding and applying communication principles effectively.

Takeaways

• 😀 Language is the act of communication using a linguistic code, like the Portuguese language.
• 😀 A language only has meaning when shared by a collective group of speakers who understand the same linguistic code.
• 😀 Communication is the process of transmitting a message or information using various mediums like verbal, visual, or auditory tools.
• 😀 The linguistic sign consists of two parts: the signifier (the form, like sound or writing) and the signified (the meaning or concept).
• 😀 A message cannot be understood if the receiver does not grasp the meaning of the signified, breaking the communication process.
• 😀 Key elements of communication include: the sender (emissor), receiver, message, channel, code, and context (referent).
• 😀 The channel is the medium through which a message is transmitted, like air, light, or sound.
• 😀 The code is the system used to encode and decode the message, such as language, images, or symbols.
• 😀 Functions of language include: emotive (focused on the sender's feelings), referential (focused on objective information), and poetic (focused on the form and aesthetics of the message).
• 😀 The metalinguistic function explains the code itself, like a dictionary defining words or a TV show explaining the concept of TV.
• 😀 Context influences the language used; formal contexts demand a more structured language, while informal settings allow for more casual expressions.

Q & A

What is language according to the lecture?

Language is the act of communication between individuals using a linguistic code to express ideas, feelings, and information.

How is 'language' different from 'tongue' (língua)?

Language refers to the general act of communication, while 'tongue' (língua) refers specifically to a structured system or idiom, such as Portuguese, shared by a community of speakers.

What is communication?

Communication is the process of transmitting a message or information from one person to another using various forms such as verbal, written, visual, or auditory means.

What is a linguistic sign?

A linguistic sign is something that represents an object or idea through a conventional symbol, such as a word representing a real-world object.

What are the two components of a linguistic sign?

The two components are the signifier (the form, such as sound or written word) and the signified (the meaning or concept associated with it).

What happens if the receiver does not understand the meaning of a word?

If the receiver does not understand the meaning, the communication process is interrupted because the message cannot be properly interpreted.

What are the main elements of communication?

The main elements are emitter (sender), receiver, message, channel, code, and referent (context).

What is the role of the channel in communication?

The channel is the medium through which the message travels, such as air for sound or light for visual communication.

What is the function of the code in communication?

The code is the system used to construct meaning, such as a language, images, or symbols.

What is the referent in communication?

The referent is the context or situation in which the communication occurs, influencing how the message is constructed and understood.

What characterizes the emotive function of language?

The emotive function is centered on the sender and expresses personal feelings and subjectivity, often found in diaries and personal letters.

What is the purpose of the appellative (conative) function?

It is focused on the receiver and aims to persuade or influence them, commonly seen in advertisements.

What is the phatic function of language?

The phatic function is focused on the channel and is used to establish or test communication, such as saying 'hello' on a phone call.

What is the metalinguistic function?

The metalinguistic function uses language to explain or describe itself, as seen in dictionaries or programs about language or media.

What defines the poetic function of language?

The poetic function focuses on the message itself, emphasizing aesthetic and stylistic elements, often found in poetry.

What is the referential function of language?

The referential function is centered on providing objective, factual information, as seen in news articles and medical instructions.

Can a text have more than one function of language?

Yes, a text can have multiple functions, but usually one function predominates over the others.