SEJARAH KERAJAAN GOWA TALLO SULAWESI @babadnusantara369

Summary

The video delves into the history of the Gowa Tallo Kingdom, which was instrumental in spreading Islam across Sulawesi, Indonesia. Founded in the 14th century, it thrived as a maritime and trading power, particularly during the reign of Sultan Hasanuddin in the 17th century. The kingdom faced intense conflict with the Dutch, ultimately falling after the Treaty of Bungaya in 1667. The video also explores the role of Islam in shaping the kingdom, the social structure, key rulers, and their impact on trade and politics. The legacy of the Gowa Tallo Kingdom remains evident through its historical landmarks and cultural influence.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Gowa Tallo Kingdom, founded in the 14th century, was located in present-day Makassar, South Sulawesi.
• 😀 The kingdom united nine different groups under the Gowa banner, consolidating its power through diplomacy and force.
• 😀 The establishment of Gowa Tallo also marked the spread of Islam to Sulawesi, with Sultan Alauddin being the first Muslim ruler.
• 😀 Sultan Hasanuddin is credited with bringing Gowa Tallo to its peak, expanding its power across Sulawesi and parts of Nusa Tenggara.
• 😀 The kingdom became a major maritime power, controlling key trade routes in the region and welcoming international trade.
• 😀 Despite its success, the kingdom's relationship with the Dutch was hostile, leading to a series of conflicts.
• 😀 The Dutch, aided by Arung Palakka of the Bone Kingdom, eventually defeated Gowa Tallo, leading to its decline by 1667.
• 😀 The Perjanjian Bongaya (Bungaya Agreement) in 1667 severely restricted the kingdom's sovereignty after its defeat by the Dutch.
• 😀 Key landmarks from the kingdom’s era, including Fort Rotterdam and the Somba Opu Fort, remain as historical sites today.
• 😀 The spread of Islam during the reign of Sultan Alauddin had a profound impact on the region, making Gowa Tallo a center for Islamic propagation in the archipelago.

Q & A

What was the role of the Kingdom of Gowa Tallo in the spread of Islam?

The Kingdom of Gowa Tallo played a crucial role in spreading Islam, especially in Makassar and surrounding areas. The kingdom's influence expanded as Sultan Alauddin became the first Gowa Tallo ruler to embrace Islam, and within a few years, all of the kingdom's people followed suit. This helped Islam spread throughout Sulawesi and other regions like Bone, Wajo, and Soppeng.

Who was the founder of the Kingdom of Gowa, and when was it established?

The Kingdom of Gowa was founded in the 14th century, and according to historical records, it was established by a woman named Tumanurung Bainea, also known as Tumanurung. The kingdom grew from the unification of nine groups known as 'Bate Salapang' or 'Nine Flags'.

How did the Kingdom of Gowa and Tallo unite?

The Kingdom of Gowa and Tallo were unified through diplomacy and sometimes force under King Tumparisi Calona, the 9th ruler of Gowa. The unification was formalized in 1528, and this union led to the formation of the Gowa Tallo Kingdom, also known as the Makassar Kingdom.

What significant achievement did Sultan Hasanuddin accomplish during his reign?

Sultan Hasanuddin is known for leading the Kingdom of Gowa Tallo to its peak of power, especially in maritime trade and defense. Under his leadership, the kingdom gained control over most of southern Sulawesi and parts of Sumbawa and Flores, and Makassar became a crucial hub for international trade.

How did the Kingdom of Gowa Tallo's relationship with the Dutch affect its downfall?

The Kingdom of Gowa Tallo had a tense and hostile relationship with the Dutch, particularly during Sultan Hasanuddin's reign. The kingdom's resistance to Dutch control in the region led to numerous battles. Ultimately, Gowa Tallo was defeated by the Dutch and their ally Arung Palakka from the Bone Kingdom. The signing of the Bongaya Agreement in 1667 marked the kingdom's downfall.

What role did Sultan Alauddin play in the spread of Islam in Gowa Tallo?

Sultan Alauddin was instrumental in introducing Islam to Gowa Tallo, being the first ruler of the kingdom to convert to Islam. His conversion in the late 16th century encouraged the population to follow suit, and it significantly influenced the spread of Islam throughout Sulawesi.

What were some key policies implemented by Tumparisi Calona during his reign?

Tumparisi Calona, the 9th king of Gowa, implemented several important policies, such as the regulation of taxes, the establishment of customs duties, and the improvement of military defense measures. These policies helped strengthen the kingdom and facilitated the unification of Gowa and Tallo.

What factors contributed to the success of the Kingdom of Gowa Tallo as a maritime kingdom?

The Kingdom of Gowa Tallo's success as a maritime kingdom can be attributed to its strategic geographic location, well-established infrastructure, and control over key trade routes in the region. The kingdom's strong naval and trade networks allowed it to dominate Southeast Asian maritime commerce during its peak.

How did the economy of Gowa Tallo thrive during its peak?

The economy of Gowa Tallo thrived due to its strategic position on trade routes, which facilitated maritime commerce. The kingdom was a central hub for international trade, particularly in spices, and benefited from both local and foreign merchant activities. The kingdom also produced notable maritime products such as ships and navigational tools.

What legacy did the Kingdom of Gowa Tallo leave behind?

The legacy of the Kingdom of Gowa Tallo includes its role in the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia, its dominance in maritime trade, and its significant contributions to the cultural and political history of the Makassar region. Some of its remaining historical landmarks include Fort Rotterdam, the Masjid Katangka, and the Somba Opu Fort.