THE HISTORY OF THE KINGDOM OF GOWA TO THE CROSS OF SOMBA OPU | EPISODE 03

Summary

The Kingdom of Gowa's history is marked by internal conflict between two brothers, Batara Gowa and Karaeng Loe ri Sero, leading to the establishment of separate kingdoms: Gowa and Tallo. Despite ongoing wars, these kingdoms formed an alliance under King Karaeng Tumapa’risi Kallonna, who transformed Gowa into a maritime power. His successors expanded the kingdom's territory and influence, particularly Karaeng Tunipalangga, who consolidated power and created a strong government. The alliance between Gowa and Tallo became a symbol of unity, with the motto 'two kings, one people,' marking a period of prosperity and success.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Kingdom of Gowa was divided after the reign of Tunatangka Lopi, leading to a conflict between his two sons, Batara Gowa and Karaeng Loe ri Sero.
• 😀 The civil war between the brothers resulted in Batara Gowa establishing a new kingdom called Tallo, while Karaeng Loe's forces remained in Gowa.
• 😀 A significant battle occurred when Gowa and Tallo forces clashed in Malewang, with neither side achieving victory, leading to a temporary ceasefire.
• 😀 The war between Gowa and Tallo continued for many years, with Gowa's influence growing under Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna’s reign.
• 😀 Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna succeeded in consolidating power, leading to the unification of Gowa and Tallo kingdoms, symbolized by the Sacred Oath.
• 😀 The motto ‘Rua Karaeng Se’re Ata’ (Two kings, but only one people) emerged, reflecting the unity of the Gowa and Tallo kingdoms.
• 😀 Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna transformed Gowa into a maritime kingdom, leading to increased prosperity, a thriving economy, and territorial expansion.
• 😀 The Gowa kingdom, under Tumapa'risi Kallonna, became a significant regional power, with advances in agriculture, fishing, and military strength.
• 😀 Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna also developed the Makassar script, known as Lontara Turiolo, and initiated reforms in governance and infrastructure.
• 😀 Karaeng Tunipalangga, his son, continued the expansion of the kingdom, successfully conquering other regions in Sulawesi and establishing important diplomatic alliances.

Q & A

What was the initial division in the Kingdom of Gowa?

The Kingdom of Gowa was initially divided between two sons of Tunatangka Lopi, Batara Gowa and Karaeng Loe ri Sero, leading to a civil war over the throne.

What event led to the formation of the Kingdom of Tallo?

After Batara Gowa defeated his brother Karaeng Loe, he established the Kingdom of Tallo at the mouth of the Tallo River in the 16th century.

How did the relationship between the Kingdom of Gowa and Tallo evolve over time?

Despite their initial conflict, the two kingdoms formed an alliance after a peace deal in 1535, marking the beginning of long-standing cooperation between Gowa and Tallo.

What was the significance of the Sacred Oath in the history of Gowa and Tallo?

The Sacred Oath, sworn in Baruga, stated that anyone who complained against the Kingdoms of Gowa and Tallo would be cursed by the gods, strengthening the bond between the two kingdoms.

What role did Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna play in the expansion of the Gowa Kingdom?

Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna relocated the capital to Somba Opu and transformed Gowa from an agrarian society into a maritime expansionist power.

What was the outcome of the war between Gowa and Tallo during the reign of Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna?

The war between Gowa and Tallo was fought across multiple battlefields but ultimately ended with a peace agreement, leading to a successful and prosperous era for both kingdoms.

What were some of Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna's major achievements during his reign?

Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna oversaw agricultural and fishing prosperity, the creation of Makassar script, and fortification of the Gowa kingdom, including the development of a strong maritime economy.

How did Karaeng Tunipalangga continue the legacy of Karaeng Tumapa'risi Kallonna?

Karaeng Tunipalangga Ulaweng continued his father's expansionist policies, conquered several regions, and fortified Gowa, while also focusing on diplomacy and governmental reforms.

What new governmental structures were introduced by Karaeng Tunipalangga Ulaweng?

Karaeng Tunipalangga Ulaweng introduced a cabinet, established new departments in the government, and developed metal industries, including weaponry and cannons for defense.

What led to Karaeng Tunipalangga Ulaweng's death, and what happened after?

Karaeng Tunipalangga Ulaweng died after suffering from a prolonged illness during a military campaign. His death led to the succession of his brother, Karaeng Tunibatta, as the next king of Gowa.