Awal Kedatangan orang-orang Melayu di kerajaan Gowa (Makassar)

Summary

This video explores the significant role of the Malay people in the Gowa-Tallo Kingdom (Makassar) from the 16th century onward. It highlights their contributions to trade, the spread of Islam, and the kingdom's administration, including prominent figures like Datuk Maharajalela and the establishment of Malay settlements. The narrative also delves into diplomatic agreements with the Gowa kings, the cultural exchanges, and the legacy of Malay influence in the region, from the preservation of sacred symbols like the Cindai flag to the impact on local governance and society.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Malay people played an important role in the Gowa-Tallo Kingdom, especially in trade, the spread of Islam, and the bureaucracy.
• 😀 Raja Gowa, the 12th ruler, Emang Arai Dai, requested the construction of a mosque for the Malay community to help them settle comfortably in Makassar.
• 😀 Malays held significant positions in the Gowa Kingdom, such as teaching local children, managing rituals, and using traditional weapons like the tatarapang.
• 😀 From 1546 to 1565, a prominent Malay figure, Di Menggambari, became the second Sahbandar (harbor master) of Gowa.
• 😀 The Sahbandar position was passed down through generations of Malays until the last Sahbandar, Husain Syahbandar, in 1669, when Gowa fell to the VOC.
• 😀 The Malay community contributed greatly to the spread of Islam in Sulawesi, starting with the arrival of Malay migrants from Pattani in 1632.
• 😀 The settlement of the Malay people in Makassar can be traced back to around 1512, following the fall of Malacca.
• 😀 The descendants of these early Malay migrants, including those from Minangkabau, settled in several areas of Gowa, particularly in Salaju.
• 😀 The Malay community in Salaju developed a distinct culture, incorporating elements from the Bugis, Makassar, and Minangkabau peoples.
• 😀 Historical manuscripts indicate that the Malay community in Makassar was well-established by the 16th century, with Malay families like the ones led by Datuk Raja becoming influential in local society.

Q & A

What role did the Malay people play in the Gowa-Tallo Kingdom?

The Malay people played an important role not only in trade but also in the spread of Islam and in the administration of the Gowa-Tallo Kingdom. They were key figures in the royal bureaucracy and held positions such as the 'Sahbandar' (harbor master) and scribes.

Who was Emang Arai Dai and what was his request regarding the Malay people?

Emang Arai Dai was the 12th king of Gowa. He requested that Karang Tunijallo build a mosque in the village to cater to the Malay community, ensuring they would feel comfortable living in Makassar, even though he himself was not Muslim at the time.

What is the significance of the Sahbandar position in the Gowa Kingdom?

The Sahbandar position was a significant role in the Gowa Kingdom, and it was held by Malay people for generations. This role, which involved overseeing trade and harbor activities, was passed down from one Malay leader to another, starting with Datuk Maharajalela.

What was the Syair Perang Makassar and who wrote it?

The Syair Perang Makassar is a famous literary work written by a Malay scribe during the reign of Sultan Hasanuddin, the 16th king of Gowa. The poem chronicles the final moments of the Gowa Kingdom in 1669.

How did the Malays contribute to the spread of Islam in Sulawesi?

The Malays, particularly through migration and settlement, played a crucial role in the spread of Islam in Sulawesi. In 1632, a group of Malay migrants from Patani, led by Datuk Maharajalela, arrived in Makassar, bringing Islam and further influencing the region's culture.

What was the role of Datuk Raja or Tuan Rajab in the spread of Islam?

Datuk Raja (Tuan Rajab) was an important Sufi scholar and Islamic teacher who contributed to the spread of Islam in the region. He also played a key role in preserving Islamic knowledge, with his writings on Sufism and Islamic jurisprudence being recognized across the archipelago.

What is the historical significance of the term 'Care' among the Malay-Makassar community?

The term 'Care' became significant among the Malay-Makassar community as it denoted a social title used by the fifth generation of Malays in the region. This title symbolized the mixing of Malay and Makassar bloodlines, forming a distinct identity within the community.

What was the 'Bulu Perindu' and how did it symbolize the unity of the Malay community?

The 'Bulu Perindu' was a sacred banner representing the unity of the Malay people in the Gowa Kingdom and the wider Eastern Indonesia region. It was brought by Datuk Maharajalela and became a symbol of the Malay community's political and cultural bond across the region.

What diplomatic agreement did the Malays and the Gowa Kingdom reach in the 16th century?

In the 16th century, the Malays, led by Nahkoda Bonang, negotiated a diplomatic agreement with the Gowa Kingdom, securing their rights to reside in Makassar and trade in peace. The agreement included territorial protection and immunity for the Malay traders, as well as the right to govern their own spaces.

How did the arrival of foreign traders, such as the Portuguese, influence Makassar's development?

The arrival of foreign traders, including the Portuguese, led to the establishment of trade outposts in Makassar. This increased cultural exchange and trade, with local elites learning Portuguese language and culture, while Portuguese traders contributed to the economic growth of the region.