Struktur (Bagian bagian) Jembatan

Summary

This educational video, presented by Niluh Putu Mahaputri, offers an in-depth look at the structure and components of bridges, aimed at SMK students in the field of design, modeling, and construction. The video covers key elements like the upper and lower structures of bridges, including main beams, floor plates, supports, and foundations. It explains the function of each component, such as abutments, pillars, and drainage systems. The lesson also highlights safety features, including guideposts, lighting, and sidewalks. The goal is to deepen students' understanding of bridge construction and its practical applications in road and bridge engineering.

Takeaways

• 😀 Bridges connect two separated parts of a road, overcoming obstacles like valleys, rivers, or railways.
• 😀 A bridge is composed of two main structures: the upper structure (which carries the load) and the lower structure (which supports it).
• 😀 The upper structure includes components like the main beam, cross beams, floor plates, bearings, and side barriers to distribute the load and ensure stability.
• 😀 The lower structure consists of abutments, pillars, and foundations that transfer the load from the upper structure to the ground.
• 😀 Abutments are located at the ends of a bridge, supporting the upper structure and often serving as retaining walls for earth behind them.
• 😀 Pillars support the upper structure and are placed between abutments, especially in bridges with large spans.
• 😀 Foundations are the base structures that support the entire bridge, ensuring its stability by transferring loads to the ground.
• 😀 Additional components of a bridge, known as supplementary structures, include drainage systems, approach roads (oprit), guard posts, lighting, and sidewalks.
• 😀 Drainage systems ensure water is directed away from the bridge, maintaining structural integrity and safety.
• 😀 Guard posts, lighting, and sidewalks are crucial for safety, providing visibility and pedestrian protection on the bridge.
• 😀 The design of a bridge must account for various forces, such as vertical loads, horizontal pressure from soil, and seismic activity, to ensure safety and durability.

Q & A

What is the primary function of a bridge?

A bridge's primary function is to connect two parts of a road that are separated by obstacles such as rivers, valleys, lakes, or railways, allowing for uninterrupted traffic flow.

What are the two main parts of a bridge structure?

A bridge is divided into two main parts: the upper structure, which carries the load from the roadway, and the lower structure, which supports the upper structure and transfers the load to the foundation.

What is the role of the 'main beam' (gelagar induk) in a bridge?

The main beam (gelagar induk) is the component that stretches from one support to another, carrying direct loads from the bridge deck to the lower structure.

How does the cross beam (gelagar melintang) contribute to the stability of the bridge?

The cross beam (gelagar melintang) connects the main beams of the bridge, preventing them from shifting and ensuring structural stability.

What is the purpose of the bridge deck (plat lantai jembatan)?

The bridge deck (plat lantai jembatan) serves as the surface where vehicles and pedestrians travel. It transmits the weight from traffic to the supporting structure beneath it.

What does the 'bearing' (perletakan) component do in a bridge structure?

The bearing (perletakan) is a support structure that transfers the load from the upper structure to the abutment or foundation of the bridge.

What is the function of the abutment in a bridge?

The abutment is located at the ends of the bridge and serves as the support for the upper structure, transferring the loads to the foundation while also acting as a retaining wall for the surrounding soil.

How do pillars (pilar) contribute to the overall bridge structure?

Pillars (pilar) are vertical supports placed between the bridge spans. They transfer the load from the upper structure to the foundation, helping maintain the bridge's stability, especially in long-span bridges.

What is the importance of the drainage system in a bridge?

The drainage system in a bridge ensures that water does not accumulate on the bridge deck, preventing water damage and ice formation that could be hazardous to traffic.

Why is the sidewalk (trotoar) important in a bridge design?

The sidewalk (trotoar) provides a safe walking path for pedestrians alongside the vehicle lanes, ensuring pedestrian safety and separating foot traffic from vehicular traffic.