Alleviating the Semiconductor Supply Shortage

SupplyChainBrain
28 Oct 202111:26

Summary

TLDR在这段对话中,Art Figueroa,史密斯公司的北美和EMEA运营与质量副总裁,与主持人讨论了半导体供需不平衡的问题。Figueroa指出,当前的芯片短缺问题比以往任何供应链中断都要严重和持久,影响了许多行业,尤其是汽车行业,导致生产大幅减少。他提到,由于依赖及时库存管理,公司未能在供应链中建立弹性和冗余,这增加了假冒组件进入市场的风险。Figueroa建议,为了应对这种短缺,公司需要重新思考库存管理策略,考虑增加缓冲库存或安全库存,以保护自身免受未来不可避免的供应链中断的影响。他还强调了选择有风险缓解流程的供应商的重要性,以确保长期供应的稳定性和产品的真伪性。

Takeaways

  • 📉 半导体供需失衡是一个当前非常关键的问题,影响了许多行业。
  • 🔍 当前的半导体供应情况并没有改善,预计至少在2021年剩余时间和2022年全年都会持续。
  • 🚫 COVID-19疫情和随后的芯片短缺暴露了供应链管理的缺陷,特别是在汽车行业中。
  • 🔄 由于供应链的脆弱性,缺乏冗余,导致了假冒组件进入市场的风险增加。
  • 🚨 假冒芯片的问题是现实存在的,特别是在TI和Xilinx等主要制造商的零件中。
  • ⚙️ 没有表面标记的组件,如电容器和MLCC,容易被假冒,增加了供应链的风险。
  • 🏭 短期内,由于建立新工厂需要大量资金和时间,合法产品的生产不会立即增加。
  • 🤔 制造商需要重新思考他们的库存管理策略,以应对当前的芯片短缺。
  • 🛡️ 长期来看,制造商可能需要增加缓冲库存或安全库存,以防止未来类似的短缺。
  • 🤝 选择有适当流程以降低风险的供应商变得至关重要,以确保供应链的稳定性。
  • 🏢 像Smith这样的公司可以在帮助客户识别库存管理解决方案方面发挥作用,提供必要的支持。
  • 🌟 公司需要从当前的危机中学习,改进未来的战略,以更好地应对不可避免的供应链中断。

Q & A

  • 目前半导体供需不平衡的现状如何?

    -半导体供需不平衡的情况目前仍然存在,并且预计将至少持续到2022年全年。这种不平衡影响了许多行业,特别是汽车行业,由于缺乏芯片,不得不大幅削减车辆生产。

  • 半导体供应链中断的主要原因是什么?

    -半导体供应链中断的主要原因包括新冠疫情导致的公司运营中断,以及随后的芯片短缺问题。这些问题不仅影响了单一行业,而是多个垂直市场。

  • 为什么这次半导体短缺的影响特别严重?

    -这次半导体短缺的影响特别严重,因为它的深度和范围都很大,影响了众多公司和多个行业。此外,与以往通常由自然灾害等引起的短期供应链中断不同,这次短缺是长期的。

  • 半导体短缺对汽车行业有哪些具体影响?

    -半导体短缺导致汽车行业严重削减了车辆生产,因为它们无法获得足够的芯片。此外,依赖于及时生产概念的低库存水平和材料采购方式在这次短缺中暴露出了缺陷。

  • 半导体短缺带来的另一个威胁是什么?

    -半导体短缺带来的另一个威胁是假冒组件进入市场的风险增加。在当前环境下,假冒者特别活跃,市场上出现了假冒的TI和Xilinx等主要制造商的零件。

  • 企业应如何防范假冒组件的风险?

    -企业需要与有适当流程以降低风险的供应商合作,确保供应链的透明度和安全性。此外,企业应建立库存管理解决方案,以增强供应链的弹性,并避免依赖单一供应商。

  • 短期内半导体生产能否增加以缓解短缺?

    -短期内半导体生产难以增加,因为建立新的制造工厂需要数亿美元和数年时间。因此,企业需要寻找其他解决方案,如改进库存管理和寻找可靠的供应链伙伴。

  • 企业应如何改进其库存管理策略以应对半导体短缺?

    -企业应考虑放弃或调整及时生产模型,增加缓冲库存或安全库存,以保护自身免受未来潜在的供应链中断的影响。这可以被看作是一种风险管理策略,类似于购买房屋保险。

  • 史密斯公司在半导体短缺期间如何帮助客户?

    -史密斯公司可以提供库存管理解决方案,帮助客户识别并采购所需的半导体组件。史密斯公司强调选择有适当流程和透明度的供应商的重要性,以减少假冒组件的风险。

  • 制造商在短期内应采取哪些实际措施来获取所需的供应?

    -制造商需要重新思考他们的供应链策略,与有库存的可靠供应商建立合作关系,并确保这些供应商有适当的流程来降低风险。此外,他们可能需要接受增加库存以保持生产的可能性。

  • 长期来看,制造商应如何调整其库存策略?

    -长期来看,制造商可能会更倾向于增加缓冲库存或安全库存,以避免未来类似的短缺情况。这可能意味着对及时生产模型进行一定程度的修改,以确保在面对不可避免的供应链中断时,有足够的库存来维持运营。

  • 半导体短缺给行业带来的最深刻的教训是什么?

    -半导体短缺给行业带来的最深刻的教训是,公司需要建立更有弹性的供应链,并且要有适当的库存管理策略来应对未来的不确定性和潜在的中断。这包括与可靠的供应商建立关系,并可能需要增加安全库存。

Outlines

00:00

📉 半导体供需失衡现状

在本段落中,讨论了半导体供需失衡的问题,目前情况依然严峻。Art Figueroa,史密斯公司的北美和EMEA地区运营和质量副总裁,提到了供应链中断的问题,这并非新现象,但这次持续时间更长,影响范围更广。他指出,新冠疫情后,芯片短缺问题凸显,影响了多个行业,尤其是汽车行业,导致生产量大幅减少。此外,还提到了供应链中缺乏弹性和冗余,导致假冒组件进入市场的风险增加。

05:00

🚧 应对半导体短缺的策略

在第二段中,讨论了短期内如何应对半导体短缺的问题。由于建立新的芯片制造工厂需要巨额投资和数年时间,因此在短期内难以增加合法产品的生产。Art Figueroa建议,公司需要重新考虑其库存管理策略,放弃仅依赖及时生产模式,寻找能够提供更好洞察力的库存管理解决方案。他强调了选择有适当流程以降低风险的供应商的重要性,以确保所采购的部件不是假冒产品。

10:01

🛡️ 长期库存管理策略

最后一段讨论了长期库存管理策略。Art Figueroa认为,尽管及时生产模式有其成本优势,但鉴于当前的挑战,制造商可能需要增加缓冲库存或安全库存,以防止未来再次发生类似的短缺。他比喻缓冲库存就像房屋保险,在不需要时可能看似多余,但在紧急情况下却至关重要。他希望公司能从当前的经历中学习,未来在应对不可避免的供应链中断时能做得更好。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡半导体

半导体是指导电性能介于导体和绝缘体之间的材料,广泛应用于电子设备中。在视频中,半导体短缺是一个核心议题,影响了许多行业,如汽车行业因缺乏芯片而大幅减少车辆生产。

💡供应链

供应链是指产品从原材料获取、加工、运输直至最终用户的整个流程。视频中提到,半导体短缺暴露了供应链管理中的缺陷,如缺乏冗余和弹性。

💡库存管理

库存管理涉及监控和管理企业持有的库存水平。视频中讨论了“及时”(just-in-time)库存管理模型的局限性,并提出了需要重新考虑库存管理策略,以应对半导体短缺。

💡假冒组件

假冒组件是指未经授权制造并冒充真品的电子部件。视频中提到,半导体短缺导致市场上假冒组件的威胁增加,因为公司在寻找替代供应商时可能不小心引入了这些组件。

💡安全库存

安全库存是企业为应对需求波动或供应中断而持有的额外库存。视频建议,企业应考虑增加安全库存,以减少未来供应中断的风险。

💡缓冲库存

缓冲库存类似于安全库存,是企业为应对市场波动或供应链中断而保持的库存。视频中提到,拥有缓冲库存可以像家庭保险一样,在紧急情况下提供保障。

💡地理政治因素

地理政治因素涉及国家间的关系和政治事件,这些因素可能影响供应链和贸易。视频中提到,这些因素是不可避免的,企业需要通过建立缓冲库存来保护自己。

💡生产中断

生产中断是指由于各种原因导致的生产活动暂停。半导体短缺导致汽车行业等严重削减了车辆生产,这是生产中断的一个例子。

💡供应链弹性

供应链弹性指供应链能够适应和恢复从干扰或中断中的能力。视频中强调了在当前市场环境下,供应链弹性的重要性。

💡供应链冗余

供应链冗余是指在供应链中有额外的资源或能力,以备不时之需。视频讨论了缺乏冗余如何导致供应链在面对半导体短缺时更加脆弱。

💡供应链伙伴

供应链伙伴是指在供应链中合作的各方,包括供应商、制造商、分销商和零售商。视频中提到,选择有适当流程的供应商对于缓解半导体短缺至关重要。

Highlights

半导体供需失衡是一个当前非常关键的问题,影响了许多行业。

目前半导体供应情况仍然停滞不前,短期内没有明显改善迹象。

新冠疫情导致的供应链中断比以往更持久,影响深远。

汽车行业因缺乏芯片而大幅减少车辆生产,这是前所未有的。

疫情和芯片短缺暴露了“及时库存”管理方法的缺陷。

缺乏供应链的弹性和冗余导致了更大的风险,包括假冒零件的威胁。

假冒零件问题在当前环境下是现实存在的,特别是在芯片市场。

没有标记的组件,如电容器和多层陶瓷电容器(MLCC),容易被假冒。

企业在寻找零件时可能会不自觉地引入假冒组件,这可能带来长期风险。

短期内,由于建立新工厂需要时间和大量投资,合法产品的生产不会立即增加。

史密斯公司可以在当前环境下帮助客户,提供库存管理解决方案。

制造商需要重新思考组件采购方式,选择有风险缓解流程的供应商。

长期来看,制造商可能需要增加缓冲库存或安全库存以避免未来的短缺。

“及时库存”模型可能不会被完全放弃,但需要进行一定程度的修改。

企业需要为不可避免的供应链中断做好准备,通过拥有缓冲库存来保护自己。

希望目前的经验教训能够延伸到未来的策略中,帮助企业更好地应对未来的中断。

Transcripts

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for a discussion on alleviating the

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semiconductor supply and demand

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imbalance i'm joined by art figueroa he

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is vice president of operations and

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quality north america and emea with

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smith hello art

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hi robert thanks for having me uh here

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yeah thanks very much for talking to me

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about this extremely critical issue that

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is on everyone's mind it is affecting so

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many industries these days where are we

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right now with regard to supplies of

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semiconductors has the situation remains

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stagnant is it getting better is it

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getting worse what's going on

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well you know it's there's certainly a

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lot happening in that in the current uh

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you know current market current

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environment

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you know you know there's certainly been

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this this this large disruption uh if

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you will which is you know which is

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nothing new

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to to the supply chain right you know

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we're used to having disruptions i think

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the biggest difference here has been you

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know the length of time that this has

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been you know this has been more of a

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prolonged usually with a supply chain

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disruption you know it's it's typically

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attributed to a natural disaster perhaps

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someplace and you know and that and that

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span can last you know a few months and

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then it kind of fizzles fizzles out well

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in this case

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you know we've seen you know one and

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it's two factors really you know one is

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is you know covet you know as companies

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have gone through

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cobit and and managed everything that

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that resulted from that you know then it

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kind of you know morphed into

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the the current chip shortage and i

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think what's different about this

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experience has just been the the depth

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and the scope of this you know there's

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so many companies out there in so many

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vertical markets that are involved by

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this and it's not just one one sector

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it's multiple sectors and from where we

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sit you know we see this as a as a

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situation that's going to continue at

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least for the remainder of this year and

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potentially all of 2022 now as you say

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these do go in cycles but i don't recall

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a situation where it was so serious that

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it caused for instance the automotive

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industry to severely cut back on

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production of vehicles because they just

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didn't have access to the chips that

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feels new

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yeah absolutely and that and i think

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that has been the biggest you know you

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know the the most eye-opening experience

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for that sector uh has been the the

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impact i mean and you see this wherever

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you go you know you drive by a car

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dealership these days and what do you

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see you know you see empty lots and and

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the impact is real uh and it's something

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that you know the automotive sector has

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seen has been impacted the most you know

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and and i think part of that you know

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robert stems from the fact uh you know

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you know that a lot of the models have

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you know more recently relied on this

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you know just in time you know concept

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in terms of you know that you're you're

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maintaining low inventory levels and you

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know you're procuring materials you know

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in line with your scheduled uh you know

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productions

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well what's what's happened here is that

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unfortunately you know the contribution

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you know the effect of the global

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pandemic uh and then the subsequent chip

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shortage you know exposed to real you

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know flaws if you if you will in this

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type of of inventory uh management

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approach and

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and one

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is that companies have failed to to

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build resiliency within their supply

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chain and and and there is no redundancy

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uh in that supply chain and and because

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of that

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it's given way to an even greater threat

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and that's the threat of counterfeit

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components entering into into the market

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tell me more about that is that actually

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are we seeing that happening now are you

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just talking about it as a possible

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threat

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no it's it's it's the reality of of the

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current environment uh robert i think

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you know it's during these types of

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situations where you know counterfeiters

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are most active and you know we're

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seeing this obviously uh in the in the

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chip market you know as we look at

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you know counterfeiters are you know you

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know we're seeing them

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uh counterfeit you know ti parts uh

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xilinx parts are two of the main

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you know kind of manufacturers that

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we're seeing potentially have issues you

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know then there's always

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those components are those commodities

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that that that don't have markings on

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them think of a capacitor think of an

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mlcc you know those are components

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that's engineering

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yeah that have no surface markings are

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easy for counterfeiters to to

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counterfeit so you know the situation is

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certainly a real uh situation and it's

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something in which companies have to be

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very cognizant of and in this rush to

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find parts to find the material they

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need to complete their build you know

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it's it's forcing them to expand you

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know their supply chain and you know

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expand that supply chain to include

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you know suppliers out in the open

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market and that's where you know the

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greatest risk uh uh exists is in that

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open world when it comes to counterfeit

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ships are are buyers of those chips

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unaware that they're counterfeit or are

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they so desperate for chips that they're

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willing to buy them just because they

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need something for production and i

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think that's it's it's it's the latter

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situation there that you know

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buyers are desperate for for the

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components that they're willing to take

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you know a risk to bring that material

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in you know to be able to complete the

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build but but you know the the more

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critical factor is that you know it's

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it's a short-sighted approach right

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because you're you're you're trying to

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satisfy

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a short-term gain and that's you know

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bringing the material in

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the long-term potential effect is if

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you're not sourcing material from the

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right suppliers that you've just

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introduced a potential counterfeit

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component into whatever application that

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you may be using it think of you know

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whether you know life safety in in the

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case of automotive you know you get into

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aerospace and defense um you know these

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the potential impact could be far

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greater uh you know down down the line

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and that's why it's very important you

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know for companies to truly know who

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they're dealing with yeah and to find

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the right types of suppliers well what's

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going to happen in the short term art

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because you know we hear it takes about

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a billion dollars in several years to

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stand up a new fab

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somewhere so there's no short-term

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increase in production of legitimate

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product in the book in in in the wings

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how is it going to what's like the

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coming year going to look like more of

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the same

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i think so robert unfortunately i think

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so that by the time you know the

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manufacturers and the and and the fabric

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you know the plants are up and running

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you know we're still you know it takes a

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while for a plant to to to become fully

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operational so you know short term you

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know i think that's where a company like

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smith can can come in and and help

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customers you know this is the

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environment that we and thrive that we

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thrive in uh as a as a business you know

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what what i suggest is you know

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companies have to look at you know

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identify an inventory management

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solution okay we we

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we've identified the just-in-time model

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just is not is not working right now you

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know now is the time identify an

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inventory management solution that's

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where a partner like smith can come in

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where we can provide those okay but you

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can identify it but

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still supplies aren't there

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i mean

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better insight into essentially nothing

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so what how might manufacturers in this

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short term are they do they is it just a

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question of suffering and keeping

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production down until the until the

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chips come back

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is there anything they can do

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in a practical way to acquire the

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supplies needed to resume production or

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keep production going

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yeah and that's where i think it's it's

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you know companies have to rethink you

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know how they approach

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you know knowing that you know with with

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the short supply of of components um and

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and again it's it's when you identify

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that partner that has that supply okay

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it's very very important that that

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supplier have processes in place right

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to mitigate that risk so of those parts

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that are out there okay it's important

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that you know a a a company select a

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supplier that has

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processes in place okay and that and

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that's again where where smith comes

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into play

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yeah go ahead no i just want again for

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the long term though

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in terms of i'm thinking about what are

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the long-term inventory strategies going

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forward you suggest that the

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just-in-time model did not work uh i'm

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sure that it doesn't mean it's going to

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be abandoned entirely right because it

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definitely has advantages cost

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advantages but it's going to have to be

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modified to some degree so do you think

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that going forward manufacturers are

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going to

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be more open to increasing

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buffer stock safety stock

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just in order to keep this from

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happening again because yeah

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real question isn't it absolutely and

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and i think you know we know there's

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certain you know a couple you know

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givens in in what we've realized and

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what we've learned going through this in

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that you know natural disasters will

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happen okay

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uh geopolitical you know factors may

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come into play whether it's tariffs

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whether it's others um you know so those

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factors won't go away and and what we've

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learned you know by going through this

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is that companies you have to have

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you know you have to protect yourself

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okay you have to protect yourself and

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that's by having you know that buffer

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buffer stock having some inventory

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that's available you know think of that

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as as you know you know what you and i

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would have as our homeowners insurance

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you know

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you don't always need it right but you

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know when there's a fire you know you're

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sure going to be happy that that you

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have and you know i think hindsight as

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some of these companies are going

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through what we're currently going

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through you know i think boy you know i

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wish i wish we had you know some level

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of buffer stock you know to get us

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through this uh through this uh through

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this rock let's hope that the lessons

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being learned right now will extend into

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future strategies and the companies will

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do

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a better job of dealing with the

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inevitable disruptions are going to be

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happening forever

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but in the meantime art figueroa of

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smith thank you very much for helping us

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to understand the problem and some

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possible solutions to the imbalance of

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supply and demand and semiconductors and

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just generally an industry thanks for

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being with me today i really appreciate

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it absolutely robert thank you so much

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for your for your time

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