Node 23 fixes the worst thing about JavaScript

Summary

Node.js version 23 introduces significant improvements for developers by resolving a critical compatibility issue between CommonJS (CJs) and ECMAScript Modules (ESM). Previously, CJs could not import ESM directly, leading to cumbersome workarounds like wrapping code in async functions. With version 23, mutual imports between the two systems are now seamless, enhancing developer experience. However, top-level await remains a caveat that can still cause errors. This video highlights the experimental nature of these changes and discusses the implications for future development, referencing insights from Joy CH Young, who played a key role in this advancement.

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Q & A

What is the significance of Node 23 in the context of module systems?

Node 23 introduces significant changes that allow seamless interaction between CommonJS (CJs) and ECMAScript Modules (ESM), addressing previous compatibility issues.

What error does the speaker encounter when running Node 22?

The speaker encounters a 'require of es module is not supported' error due to the incompatibility between CJs and ESM in Node 22.

What are the file extensions used in the script, and what do they signify?

The script uses .cts for CommonJS and .mts for ECMAScript Modules, indicating how Node should handle imports and exports in these files.

How can developers work around the ESM and CJs compatibility issue in Node 22?

Developers can wrap their code in an async function to use 'await import', allowing ESM to be imported into CJs, though this requires significant refactoring.

What feature does Node 23 provide that simplifies module imports?

Node 23 allows mutual imports between CJs and ESM, eliminating the need for workarounds required in earlier versions.

What happens when top-level await is used in an ESM module with Node 22?

Using top-level await in an ESM module with Node 22 will lead to an error because CJs cannot handle it in the same way as ESM.

How can the experimental features in Node 22 be accessed?

Experimental features in Node 22 can be accessed by using the 'experimental require module' flag during execution.

What is the difference between odd and even numbered Node versions?

Odd-numbered versions of Node typically introduce more experimental features, while even-numbered versions focus on stability and bug fixes.

Who is Joy CH Young, and what is her contribution to the Node ecosystem?

Joy CH Young is recognized for her contributions to improving module compatibility in Node, having independently reached conclusions about ESM and CJs, supported by Bloomberg.

What resources does the speaker suggest for further learning about these changes?

The speaker recommends watching additional videos and reading articles by Joy CH Young for more insights on the changes in Node's module system.