Full History of Korea in 5 Minutes
Summary
TLDRThis video script explores the rich history of the Korean Peninsula, from its early kingdoms like Gojoseon and Goguryeo to the Three Kingdoms period. It details the unification under Silla, the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties, and the impact of foreign invasions. The script also covers the division into North and South Korea post-WWII, the Korean War, and the economic rise of South Korea. It highlights the ongoing political and nuclear tensions on the peninsula, with a mention of the 2018 Panmunjom Declaration, aiming for peace.
Takeaways
- π Korea is a peninsula in East Asia, bordered by China to the northwest and separated from Japan to the east.
- βοΈ Since 1945, Korea has been divided into North Korea and South Korea at the 38th parallel.
- π° Gojoseon, the first Korean kingdom, was established in 2333 BCE by Dangun, who was considered a descendant of heaven.
- πΉ The southern part of Korea was occupied by the Jin state by the 3rd century BC.
- πΊ Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje were the Three Kingdoms of Korea, which dominated different parts of the peninsula from the 1st century AD.
- π° Silla unified the Korean Peninsula by the 7th century, forming Unified Silla.
- π° Goryeo was founded by Wang Geon in 918, succeeding Goguryeo and later becoming a vassal state to the Mongol-ruled Yuan dynasty.
- π The Joseon Dynasty was established in 1392 by General Yi Seong-gye, with the capital moved from Kaesong to Hanyang.
- π₯ The Korean Peninsula was partitioned after World War II, with the north under Soviet occupation and the south under U.S. occupation.
- π₯ The Korean War (1950-1953) was a conflict between North Korea, backed by the Soviet Union, and South Korea, supported by the United Nations.
- π South Korea experienced rapid economic growth post-war, known as the 'Miracle on the Han River,' and became a leading economy with global cultural influence through the Hallyu wave.
- π North Korea adopted a communist government under Soviet influence and pursued nuclear weapons, leading to ongoing crises.
Q & A
What is the geographical location of the Korean Peninsula?
-The Korean Peninsula is located in East Asia, bordered by China to the northwest and separated from Japan to the east.
Since when has Korea been divided into two countries?
-Korea has been divided into two countries since 1945, following the end of World War II.
Who is considered the founder of the first Korean kingdom according to the script?
-Dan-Gun, who is deemed the grandson of heaven, is considered the founder of the first Korean kingdom, Gojoseon, in 2333 BCE.
What significant event happened in the Korean Peninsula in 108 BCE?
-In 108 BCE, the Han Dynasty of China invaded and installed four commanderies in northern Korea.
Which kingdom unified the Korean Peninsula in the early 7th century?
-Silla unified the Korean Peninsula in the early 7th century after forming an alliance with the Tang Dynasty of China to conquer Baekje and later Goguryeo.
What was the name of the kingdom founded by Wang Geon in 918?
-Wang Geon founded Goryeo in 918, which became the successor of Goguryeo with Kaesong as its capital.
How did the Joseon Dynasty come into power?
-The Joseon Dynasty was established in 1392 when General Yi Seong-gye overthrew the Goryeo Dynasty.
What is the significance of the Korean alphabet, Hangul, created during the Joseon Dynasty?
-Hangul, created by King Sejong the Great during the Joseon Dynasty, is the Korean alphabet that made literacy more accessible to the general population.
What was the impact of the Japanese invasions on the Joseon Dynasty?
-The Japanese invasions from 1592 to 1598 caused great destruction to the Joseon Dynasty, weakening its power.
How did the political landscape of Korea change after World War II?
-After World War II, Korea was partitioned along the 38th parallel with the north under Soviet occupation and the south under U.S. occupation, leading to the establishment of two sovereign states in 1948.
What is the economic phenomenon that South Korea experienced post-Korean War known as?
-South Korea experienced rapid economic growth in a period known as the 'Miracle on the Han River' after the Korean War.
What is the current political status of North Korea, and how did it come to be?
-North Korea is currently a communist state, which adopted its government system under Soviet influence. Its current political status is marked by a series of crises due to its pursuit of nuclear weapons.
Outlines
π Historical Overview of Korea
This paragraph provides a historical overview of the Korean Peninsula, located in East Asia, bordered by China to the northwest and separated from Japan to the east. Since 1945, it has been divided into North Korea and South Korea at the 38th parallel. The early history of Korea dates back to 2333 BCE with the establishment of the first Korean kingdom, Gojoseon, by Dangun. By the 3rd century BC, the southern part of Korea was occupied by the Jin state, and Goguryeo underwent three periods: Gija Joseon, Daen Goguryeo, and Weimann Goguryeo. The Han Dynasty invaded in 108 BCE, leading to the establishment of four commanderies in northern Korea. The Three Kingdoms period, comprising Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje, saw Silla eventually unify the Korean Peninsula with the help of the Tang Dynasty of China. Goryeo, founded by Wang Geon in 918, faced Mongol invasions and became a vassal state of the Yuan Dynasty in China. The Joseon Dynasty was established by General Yi Seong-gye in 1392, with King Sejong the Great introducing the Korean alphabet, Hangul. The Japanese invasions from 1592 to 1598 and subsequent invasions by the Later Jin and Qing Dynasties led to Joseon becoming a subordinate of the Qing Empire. In the 19th century, Joseon adopted an isolationist policy, earning the nickname 'Hermit Kingdom,' until it was forced to open its borders, leading to Japanese imperial rule.
π Modern History and Current State of Korea
The second paragraph delves into the modern history of Korea, starting with the division of the peninsula after World War II, with the north under Soviet occupation and the south under U.S. occupation. This led to the establishment of two sovereign states in 1948: North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea. The Korean War erupted in 1950 when North Korea, backed by the Soviet Union, invaded South Korea, ending without a formal peace treaty and leaving the peninsula divided by the Korean Demilitarized Zone. Post-war South Korea experienced rapid economic growth, known as the 'Miracle on the Han River,' and saw the rise of family conglomerates like Samsung, Hyundai, SK Group, and LG Corporation. In 1987, South Korea transitioned into a constitutional democracy and is now a leading economy, famous for the Hallyu wave in the entertainment industry. North Korea, under Soviet influence, adopted a communist government, which collapsed with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The 21st century saw Kim Jong-il and his son Kim Jong-un pursue nuclear weapons, creating ongoing crises. In 2018, the Panmunjom Declaration was signed by North Korea's Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un and South Korea's President Moon Jae-in, committing to work towards ending the Korean conflict.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘38th Parallel
π‘Gojoseon
π‘Three Kingdoms of Korea
π‘Unified Silla
π‘Goryeo Dynasty
π‘Joseon Dynasty
π‘Japanese Occupation
π‘Korean War
π‘Hallyu
π‘North Korea's Nuclear Program
π‘Panmunjom Declaration
Highlights
Korea, a peninsula in East Asia, is bordered by China to the northwest and separated from Japan to the east.
Since 1945, Korea is divided into two countries at the 38th parallel: North Korea and South Korea.
In 2333 BCE, Gojoseon, the first Korean kingdom, was established by Dangun, deemed the grandson of heaven.
By the 3rd century BC, the southern part of Korea was occupied by the Jin state.
Gojoseon underwent three periods: Gojoseon, Jinhan, and Gija Joseon, and Weiman Joseon.
In 108 BCE, the Han Dynasty invaded and installed four commanderies in northern Korea.
The Three Kingdoms of Korea comprised Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje.
Silla's power extended across the Korean Peninsula by the early 6th century.
Unified Silla was formed by an alliance with the Tang Dynasty of China to conquer Baekje and later Goguryeo.
Goryeo was founded by Wang Geon in 918, gradually unifying most of the Korean Peninsula.
Goryeo existed as a vassal state and compulsory ally of the Mongol-ruled Yuan Dynasty in China after the Mongol invasions.
The Joseon Dynasty was established by General Yi Seong-gye in 1392, moving the capital from Kaesong to Hanyang.
King Sejong the Great created Hangul, the Korean alphabet, during the Joseon Dynasty.
Joseon suffered from the great destruction of Japanese invasions from 1592 to 1598.
In the 19th century, Joseon adopted a harsh isolationist policy, becoming known as the Hermit Kingdom.
Following the Sino-Japanese War, Korea was recognized with full independence by the Qing Dynasty.
Korea became a protectorate of Japan in 1905 and was formally annexed in 1910.
Over 5 million Koreans were conscripted for labor during the Japanese occupation.
After WWII, Korea was partitioned along the 38th parallel with the north under Soviet occupation and the south under U.S. occupation.
The Korean War broke out in 1950 when North Korea, backed by the Soviet Union, invaded South Korea.
South Korea experienced rapid economic growth in the period known as the Miracle on the Han River.
North Korea adopted a communist government under Soviet influence, facing economic collapse after the Soviet Union's dissolution.
The Panmunjom Declaration was signed in 2018, aiming to officially end the Korean conflict.
Transcripts
[Music]
korea a peninsula in east asia is
bordered by china to the northwest and
separated from japan to the east
since 1945
korea is divided into two countries at
the 38th parallel north korea and south
korea
early history
in
2333 bce gochusion the first korean
kingdom was established by dangu deemed
the grandson of heaven
by the 3rd century bc the southern part
of korea was occupied by the jinn state
gojo sion underwent three periods
dengan jyoncian gija joseon
and weiman joseon
in 108 bce it was invaded by the han
dynasty which then installed four
commandaries in northern korea within a
few decades three of the commanderies
fell within a few decades except the
lilang commandery
the northern part of the peninsula and
manchuria was then occupied by biuyo
gajurio okigio
dange and other minor statelets while in
the south the jinn state gave rise to
the loose confederacies jinhan johann
and mahan
three kingdoms of korea
the three kingdoms of korea compromised
gujarat
sila and bakji
from the first century a.d gujarat
gradually conquered its neighbors and
occupied the northern part of korea
while bakaji and cilla grew to control
the southern
in the early 6th century cilla's power
extended across the korean peninsula
by the 640s cilla formed an alliance
with the tang dynasty of china to
conquer bikji and later gojiri unifying
the central and southern parts of the
korean peninsula into unified cilla
meanwhile the northern part was under
the control of balhae founded by king go
in the late 9th century silho was
divided into the brief later three
kingdoms of cilla later bakji and
taebong
before falling togorio in 935
goryo and joseon dynasty
goryo was founded by wang jian in 918 as
the successor of gojiro with kaesong as
the capital gradually unifying most of
the korean peninsula
following the mongol invasions of korea
from 1230 to 1270
guru existed as a vassal state and
compulsory ally of the mongol-ruled wan
dynasty in china
after a coup general yi song gui
overthrew the gorio dynasty and in 1392
established the joseon dynasty the
capital was moved from kaesong to hans
young under king xi jong the great
joseon enjoyed numerous beneficial
administrative social scientific and
economic reforms especially he created
handgull the korean alphabet
from 1592 to 1598 joseon suffered from
the great destruction of the japanese
invasions
following two invasions by the latter
jinn and queen dynasties joseon became a
subordinate of the queen empire
in the 19th century joseon adopted a
harsh isolationist policy for which it
became known as the hermit kingdom
however joseon was soon forced to open
its borders leading to an era of
japanese imperial rule
korean empire and japanese occupation
following the sino-japanese war and the
treaty of shimaneski korea was
recognized with full and complete
independence and autonomy by the queen
dynasty
in 1897 the joseon dynasty proclaimed
that the korean empire with empire king
gojong
russia posed a strong influence in the
korean empire until the russo-japanese
war which pushed the russians out of the
fight for korea
the following year korea became a
protectorate of japan
in 1910 japan formally annexed korean
empire with the japan korea annexation
treaty thereafter korea was officially
named chosen
since 1939 over 5 million koreans were
conscripted for labor 10 000 men were
forced into japan's military and about
200 000 girls and women were forced into
sexual slavery for the japanese military
division and korea war
after the end of world war ii with the
unconditional surrender of japan in 1945
korea was partitioned along the 38th
parallel with the north under soviet
occupation in the south under u.s
occupation
the politics of the cold war resulted in
the 1948 establishment of two sovereign
states north korea officially the
democratic people's republic of korea
and south korea officially the republic
of korea
in 1950 the korean war broke out when
soviet backed north korea invaded south
korea and ended without a formalized
peace treaty the korean peninsula
remained divided by the korean
demilitarized zone up to the present day
modern korea
after the war south korea witnessed
enormous economic growth in a period
called the miracle on the han river
giving rise to numerous family
conglomerates such as samsung hyundai sk
group and lg corporation
in 1987 south korea transitioned into a
constitutional democracy
today south korea is a leading economy
and is famous for bringing the hallyu
wave to the entertainment industry all
over the world
meanwhile under soviet influence north
korea adopted a communist government the
dissolution of the soviet union in 1991
led to a full-scale collapse of the
north korean economy
by the 21st century kim jong-il and
later his son kim jong-un decided to
pursue nuclear weapons creating a series
of crises ongoing to the present day
in 2018 the panman jump declaration was
signed between the supreme leader of
north korea kim jong-un and the
president of south korea moon jae-in
announcing that they will work to
officially end the korean long-lasting
conflict
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