HARGA POKOK PESANAN 4 : SELISIH BOP

Summary

In this video, the speaker discusses how to record factory overhead variance (BOP) in cost accounting. Emphasizing the challenges students often face with this topic, the instructor breaks down the four stages of BOP recording: applying BOP to products, recording actual BOP costs, closing BOP accounts, and noting the variance. Real-world examples, such as handling indirect labor and machine depreciation, illustrate how overhead is calculated and applied using percentages, while also addressing potential discrepancies. The video aims to reinforce understanding for students and provides practical accounting insights.

Takeaways

• 📘 The video focuses on journal entries for recording factory overhead (BOP) variances.
• 📊 Many students struggle with understanding how to record BOP variances, necessitating a dedicated video for clarification.
• 📅 There are four steps to recording BOP: assigning BOP to products, recording actual BOP, closing BOP accounts, and recording BOP variances.
• 💡 The first step is charging BOP to products, calculated as a percentage (in this case, 70%) of raw material costs.
• 🔄 The second step involves recording actual BOP transactions, which includes expenses like indirect labor, machine depreciation, and utilities.
• ⚖️ The third step is closing BOP accounts by balancing the charged and actual BOP values to bring the account balance to zero.
• 🔍 The final step is recording the BOP variance, comparing the charged BOP to the actual BOP incurred.
• 💼 A BOP variance is recorded as a loss (debit) if the actual BOP exceeds the charged amount, and as a gain (credit) if it's lower.
• 📈 The management uses estimated percentages for BOP allocation, derived from past experience and analysis.
• 🙏 The speaker concludes by wishing the students clarity and success in understanding and applying BOP journal entries.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video?

The video focuses on how to record factory overhead variances (selisih BOP) in cost accounting, specifically providing guidance on journal entries for recording BOP variances.

Why does the speaker emphasize on the topic of recording BOP variances?

The speaker emphasizes this topic because, based on teaching experience, students often face challenges with this aspect of cost accounting, while they generally do not struggle with other topics like recording raw material purchases or finished products.

What are the four steps mentioned for recording factory overhead (BOP)?

The four steps for recording BOP are: 1) Assigning BOP to the product, 2) Recording the actual BOP that occurred, 3) Closing the allocated BOP account to the actual BOP account, and 4) Recording the BOP variance.

Why is the factory overhead (BOP) calculated as a percentage, such as 70% of raw material cost?

The BOP is calculated as a percentage because it is difficult to determine the exact cost for each product in relation to expenses like electricity or machine depreciation. The percentage is based on management’s analysis and historical data.

What example does the speaker give for assigning BOP to a product?

An example given is assigning 70% of raw material costs as BOP, with a raw material cost of 9 million IDR, which results in 6.3 million IDR being assigned as BOP.

How does the speaker suggest handling overhead costs like electricity and machine depreciation in cost accounting?

The speaker suggests using a predetermined rate (e.g., 70%) for allocating overhead costs like electricity and machine depreciation to products, as it is impractical to calculate these exact amounts for each specific order.

What journal entry example is provided for recording actual BOP that occurred?

An example journal entry for recording actual BOP includes debiting the actual BOP and crediting accumulated depreciation on factory machines and building, as well as other expenses such as electricity.

How are BOP accounts closed at the end of the period?

At the end of the period, the allocated BOP account is debited to match the actual BOP account, ensuring that both accounts are closed out with a zero balance.

What is meant by a 'BOP variance' in cost accounting?

A BOP variance occurs when there is a difference between the allocated BOP and the actual BOP. This variance can be either favorable (when the actual BOP is lower than allocated) or unfavorable (when the actual BOP exceeds the allocated amount).

How does the speaker explain an unfavorable BOP variance?

An unfavorable BOP variance is explained as a situation where the allocated BOP (e.g., 6.3 million IDR) is less than the actual BOP incurred (e.g., 7 million IDR), resulting in additional costs that need to be recorded.