Assessment in Learning Helen Bihag Boholano TeacherHelen TV

Summary

In this episode of Teacher Helen TV, the focus is on standard-based assessment, a key component of the standards reform movement in education. The video explains how this approach sets higher expectations for students, aligns curriculum with these standards, and emphasizes outcome-based education. It delves into the concept of constructive alignment, where learning activities and assessments are designed to match intended outcomes. The script also covers different types of assessments, including diagnostic, formative, and summative, and distinguishes between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessments. The goal is to use assessments as a tool for learning, not just for grading, to empower students to take charge of their progress.

Takeaways

• 📚 Standard-based assessment is an approach that aligns learning objectives and outcomes with national standards.
• 🔍 It emphasizes outcome-based education where teaching is responsive to learning, and students work towards defined targets.
• 📈 Standards-based instruction focuses on validity of context and logical manifestation of performance to ensure authentic learning.
• 📊 Constructive alignment is about designing teaching and learning activities that match the intended learning outcomes (ILOs).
• 🏆 Content standards are statements that judge the quality of curriculum content and are part of the K-12 curriculum.
• 🎯 Performance standards set targets and goals to improve educational practices and are often benchmarked against international standards.
• 📝 Classroom assessment is a process of collecting information to inform about students' progress towards learning objectives.
• 📑 Different types of assessments include diagnostic, formative, and summative, each serving a specific purpose in the learning process.
• 📊 Norm-referenced assessments compare student performance to a norm group, while criterion-referenced assessments judge against set standards.
• ✍️ Written assessments can include quizzes, tests, and essays, and are designed to provide a snapshot of student understanding at a particular time.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the video on Teacher Helen TV?

The main focus of the video is on standard-based assessment, which is an approach to education that aligns learning objectives and outcomes with national standards.

How does standards-based education differ from traditional education?

In standards-based education, teaching is responsive to learning, with the curriculum and assessments aligned to new, higher standards expected of every student, as opposed to traditional education which may not have such a clear alignment.

What is the role of assessment in standards-based education?

Assessment in standards-based education is key to the standards reform movement, ensuring that teaching and learning are aligned with the standards, and providing clarity and transparency for students on their progress and areas for improvement.

What is meant by 'constructive alignment' in the context of education?

Constructive alignment refers to the situation where teaching and learning activities, as well as assessment tasks, are aligned with the intended learning outcomes, allowing students to construct meaning through relevant learning activities.

How do content standards differ from performance standards?

Content standards are statements that judge the quality of curriculum content, while performance standards establish targets and goals to improve educational practices, often benchmarked against international standards.

What are the different types of assessments mentioned in the script?

The script mentions diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments. Diagnostic assessments ascertain prior knowledge, formative assessments aid the learning process, and summative assessments evaluate the achievement of set goals.

What is the purpose of a diagnostic test in education?

A diagnostic test is given to ascertain a learner's prior knowledge, misconceptions, and strengths, establishing a baseline before introducing a new concept.

Why is formative assessment important in the classroom?

Formative assessment is important as it utilizes data to aid the learning process, helping students understand the covered segment of the course content, and it is pervasively used in class without necessarily being graded.

What is the primary goal of summative assessment?

The primary goal of summative assessment is to evaluate the achievement of set goals and targets, and these assessments are often more comprehensive and broader in scope, determining the grades of the students.

How does norm-referenced assessment differ from criterion-referenced assessment?

Norm-referenced assessment ranks students based on their performance compared to a norm group, while criterion-referenced assessment judges whether students have achieved set skills or standards, not comparing them to other students.

What is the ultimate goal of assessment in the learning process according to the script?

The ultimate goal of assessment in the learning process is to provide a snapshot of student understanding at a particular time and to serve as a learning tool that improves and educates student performance.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Standards-Based Assessment

This paragraph introduces the concept of standards-based assessment within the context of outcome-based education. It emphasizes the importance of setting high standards for students, aligning curriculum with these standards, and ensuring that teaching is responsive to learning. The paragraph discusses the philosophy behind standards-based assessment, which focuses on the validity of context and the logical manifestation of performance. It also highlights the role of assessment in providing clarity and transparency to help students understand their progress and areas for improvement. The concept of constructive alignment is introduced, which involves designing teaching and learning activities that are aligned with intended learning outcomes. The paragraph concludes by discussing content and performance standards, and how they serve as benchmarks for educational quality and improvement.

05:02

📈 Types of Assessments and Their Purposes

The second paragraph delves into the different types of assessments that teachers may employ, including diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments. Diagnostic assessments are used to determine students' prior knowledge and misconceptions, while formative assessments are integral to the learning process, helping students understand course content without necessarily being graded. Summative assessments, on the other hand, evaluate the achievement of set goals and contribute to students' grades. The paragraph also touches on norm-referenced and criterion-referenced assessments, explaining how they measure student performance against average peers or established standards, respectively. The importance of using assessments as learning tools is stressed, with a reminder that they provide snapshots of student understanding at specific points in the learning process. The paragraph concludes with a call to action for educators to use assessments deliberately to improve and educate student performance.

Keywords

💡Standard-based Assessment

Standard-based assessment refers to an evaluation method that measures student performance against established educational standards rather than comparing students to one another. In the video, this concept is central to the discussion on how assessments should be designed to align with national standards and ensure that all students meet a certain level of proficiency. The script mentions that this type of assessment is part of the standards reform movement, aiming to set higher expectations for students and align curriculum and teaching practices with these standards.

💡Constructive Alignment

Constructive alignment is the process of ensuring that teaching, learning activities, and assessments are all aligned with the intended learning outcomes. The term is used in the script to emphasize that the educational process should be designed in a way that the activities students engage in and the assessments they take directly relate to and support the achievement of the stated learning outcomes. Biggs and Tang (2010) are cited in the script to highlight that constructive alignment starts with clearly stating the intended learning outcomes before teaching takes place.

💡Learning Outcomes

Learning outcomes are the specific skills, knowledge, and attitudes that students are expected to achieve by the end of a learning activity or course. In the context of the video, learning outcomes are integral to the discussion on how to formulate appropriate objectives and align them with national standards. The script suggests that teachers should design their lessons and assessments with these outcomes in mind to ensure that students are working towards clearly defined goals.

💡Performance Standards

Performance standards are the criteria or levels of achievement that students are expected to meet in their educational pursuits. The video script discusses how these standards are used to set targets and goals for improving educational practices, often benchmarked against international or national standards. They serve as a reference point for designing assessments that measure whether students have achieved the desired skills or knowledge.

💡Formative Assessment

Formative assessment is a continuous process used by teachers to gather and interpret information about students' learning progress. As mentioned in the script, it is used to aid the learning process, often through periodic assessment tasks that help students understand the content covered. Unlike summative assessments, formative assessments are not typically graded and are meant to provide feedback that can be used to improve learning.

💡Summative Assessment

Summative assessment is an evaluation conducted at the end of a learning period to determine the extent to which learning goals have been achieved. The script explains that these assessments are more comprehensive and broader in scope than formative assessments and are often the basis for assigning grades to students. They serve as a final evaluation of student achievement in relation to the set goals and targets.

💡Diagnostic Assessment

Diagnostic assessment is an evaluation conducted to identify students' prior knowledge, misconceptions, and strengths before introducing new concepts. The video script uses this term to illustrate the initial step in the assessment process, where teachers can establish a baseline to tailor their teaching methods to the students' needs.

💡Content Standards

Content standards are statements that define the quality of curriculum content in a particular discipline or learning area. In the script, content standards are discussed as being anchored on national content standards and are used to judge the quality of curriculum content or as part of the evaluation method. They provide a framework for what students should know and be able to do in a particular subject area.

💡Assessment for Learning

Assessment for learning is an approach that emphasizes the use of assessment to support and enhance the learning process. The video script mentions this concept in relation to the shift from traditional assessment methods to those that are more student-centered and focused on improving learning outcomes. This approach is consistent with the idea that assessments should provide feedback and information to help students and teachers understand progress and areas for improvement.

💡Norm-referenced Assessment

Norm-referenced assessment is a type of assessment where student performance is compared to a hypothetical group of average students, known as the 'norm group'. The script explains that these tests rank students in terms of their achievement relative to others, rather than measuring them against a set standard. This type of assessment is contrasted with criterion-referenced assessment, which focuses on whether students have achieved specific skills or not.

💡Criterion-referenced Assessment

Criterion-referenced assessment evaluates student performance based on a set of predetermined standards or criteria. As discussed in the script, this type of assessment is concerned with whether students have achieved the set skills or not, rather than comparing them to other students. It is used to determine if students have met the specific learning objectives or standards set for a course or program.

Highlights

Standard-based assessment is aligned with national standards and focuses on student outcomes.

Assessment is a key part of the standards reform movement, aiming to set higher expectations for students.

Standards-based education involves responsive teaching that adapts to student learning as they progress towards targets.

Standards-based instruction emphasizes authentic learning and the validity of context in performance.

Assessment clarity and transparency help students understand their progress and areas for improvement.

Classroom assessment is a process of collecting and interpreting information to inform about student progress.

Standard-based education aligns with assessment for learning rather than assessment of learning.

Constructive alignment involves designing teaching and learning activities that align with intended learning outcomes.

Content standards are statements used to judge the quality of curriculum content and are part of evaluation methods.

Performance standards set targets and goals to improve educational practices and link to assessment design.

Different types of assessments include diagnostic, formative, and summative, each serving a distinct purpose in the learning process.

Norm-referenced assessment compares student performance to a norm group, ranking students based on achievement.

Criterion-referenced assessment judges student performance based on whether they have achieved set skills or standards.

Written assessments can include quizzes, tests, standardized exams, and essays, providing snapshots of student understanding.

Standard-based assessment compares student performances to standards, not to other students.

Assessment should be designed to improve and educate student performance, not just to test it.

Transcripts

good day welcome to teacher helen tv

let's learn and enjoy assessment in

learning one

our topic for today is about standard

based assessment

here is the learning outcome formulate

appropriate learning objectives and

outcomes that are constructively aligned

with national

standards a standards-based test is an

assessment based on the outcome-based

education or

performance-based education philosophy

assessment is a key part of the

standards reform movement

the first part is to set new higher

standards to be expected of

every student then the curriculum must

be aligned to the new standards

in standards based education teaching is

responsive to

learning when starting a new target

teachers present introductory lessons

as students progress they're offered

more complex material

they continue working and learning until

they reach the target what is

standard-based assessment

a standards-based instruction

intensifies

learning that authentic learning matters

validity of context

and logical manifestation of performance

a standards-based assessment is one of

the bases on the outcome-based education

philosophies rollins brandon chapman

leach newt scott and zepcke 2005 as

cited include

2001 proposed holistic model of

standards-based reform

which through purposeful activities

leads a standards-based

policy which then leads to a rigorously

implemented standards-based

curriculum for all students assessment

standards clarity and transparency will

help

teachers provide students with

information of what they know

and can do and more importantly a clear

picture of what they need to do to

improve so they can take charge of their

own learning

according to black and william 1998 and

crooks

1988 what is classroom assessment

standards

it is a process of collecting and

interpreting information that can be

used to inform teachers

students and when applicable parents

guardians or other users of assessment

information

about students progress in attaining the

knowledge skills

attitudes and behaviors to be learned er

acquired in school by joint committee on

standards for educational evaluation in

2003

what is standard based education it is

consistent with an emerging view of

assessment for

learning rather than assessment of

learning according to assessment reform

group

1999 black in william

1998 crooks 1998 rollins edit 2005

suggest using standard-based assessment

in a more student-centered pedagogical

approach in teaching

placing the student in a more active

role in

the learning teaching and assessment

cycle thus

creating a partnership between student

and

teacher what is constructive alignment

constructive refers to the idea that

students construct meaning through

relevant learning activities according

to biggs and tang

2010 while alignment refers to the

situation when teaching and learning

activities and assessment tasks are

aligned to

the intended learning outcomes ilo

alignment

is best achieved by designing teaching

and learning

activities tlas and the assessment tasks

that activate the same verbs as are

stated in the elos

biggs and tang 2010 added that

constructive alignment starts with

clearly stating

not what the teacher is going to teach

but what the outcome of that teaching is

intended to be

this is expressed as the intended

learning outcome

silo which is a statement of what the

learner is

supposed to be able to do and at what

standard when students attend lectures

discussion

and other interactive activities however

their main activity is receiving not

doing

thus constructive alignment is an

outcomes-based approach to teaching in

which the learning outcomes

that students are intended to achieve or

defined before teaching takes place

what is content standards standards can

be presented in many ways such as

one content standard two benchmarks

and three performance standards content

standard is anchored on the national

content standard from each discipline or

learning

areas in the k-12 curriculum a content

standard in education is a

statement that can be used to judge the

quality of curriculum content or as part

of a method of

evaluation what is performance standards

performance standards of the

establishment of system standards

targets and goals to improve educational

practices

standards may be set based on

international

national like ppst k-12 curriculum

guide etc state or scientific guidelines

benchmarking

against similar institutions in order to

be at par with international standards

good performance standards should link

up to the design of assessments intended

to measure the standards although

they are usually at some distance from

that process

what are the different types of

assessment teachers may give assessment

tasks purposively the purpose may be

diagnostic

formative or summative diagnostic test

is an

assessment task given with the intent to

ascertain

the prior knowledge misconceptions and

strengths of the learners establishing a

baseline before a

new concept is introduced another is

formative

assessment for learning demands the

utilization of

data to aid the learning process this

includes

periodic assessment tasks given with the

goal of

helping the students understand the

covered segment of the entire course

content

most of the time these instruments are

called classroom activities

due to their impact to learning and role

is exercises

formative assessment must be used

pervasively in class and need not be

graded

2015 and we have sumitive the last step

in the learning episode is the

assessment of the

achievement of the set goals and targets

these data can be generated by giving

summative tasks

these tasks are more comprehensive in

nature and broader in scope than

formative

tasks yet these tasks are designated the

sources of the grades of the students

debit

2015. let's remember that in quad

assessment should be deliberately

designed to improve and educate

student performance not merely dotted as

most school tests currently do

and quad according to grant wiggins

by reference of interpretation there are

also types of assessment wherein results

may be viewed using the performance of

other test takers or the established

standards

lenses 1. norm referenced assessment

in this category reports whether test

takers performed

better or worse than a hypothetical

group of average students called norm

group

the selected group of test takers must

typically be of the same age or grade

level and must have already taken the

test simply these tests rank students in

terms of their achievement

2. criterion referenced assessment

this category reports whether students

have achieved the set skills or not

performances are judged based on a set

of standards

assessments come in many shapes and

sizes

for those who are new to assessment or

just starting out the terms can be hard

to sort out

simply unfamiliar the multifaceted

nature of assessments means that

educators can leverage them

in a number of ways to provide valuable

formal our informal structure to the

learning process

the main thing to remember her is that

the assessment is a learning tool

what all assessments have been common is

that they provide a snapshot of student

understanding at a particular time in

the

learning process now what is written

assessments

these are activities in which the

student selects or composes a response

to a prompt

in most cases the prompt consists of

printed materials

a brief question a collection of

historical documents graphic or tabular

material or a

combination of these some of the most

familiar assessment strategies are

quizzes tests

state-administered standardized tests

and essays

hope you have learned something today so

let's keep in mind standard based

assessment is an approach that compares

students

performances to the standards rather

than comparing them with other students

according to dorothy strader 2006

friends stay tuned for more teaching and

learning episodes

maraming salamat poet don't forget to

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