UNIT 2: NETWORKS OF EXCHANGE (AP WORLD HISTORY) #apworld #apworldhistory

Summary

This video script is a comprehensive review for Unit 2 of AP World History, focusing on the period 1200 to 1450. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of global trade routes, including the Silk Road, Indian Ocean trade, and trans-Saharan trade. The script highlights the significance of trade cities, the spread of luxury goods, and the cultural and environmental impacts of these exchanges. It also discusses the Mongol Empire's role in shaping history, including their military conquests and the establishment of khanates. The video is designed to aid students in consolidating their knowledge for exams, offering a study guide and answer key for additional support.

Takeaways

• 😀 Unit 2 of AP World History focuses on the period 1200 to 1450 and is centered around the theme of 'networks of exchange'.
• 🎓 This unit builds upon Unit 1, 'The Global Tapestry', emphasizing the interconnectedness of world regions through trade and the Mongol Empire.
• 🛣️ Three major trade routes are highlighted: the Silk Roads, the Indian Ocean trade, and the trans-Saharan trade, each facilitating cultural and economic exchange.
• 🏺 The Silk Roads, originating around 100 BCE, were a network of trade routes connecting East Asia to dar al-Islam, known for trading luxury goods like silk and porcelain.
• 🚢 The Indian Ocean trade was a maritime version of the Silk Roads, with key trade cities emerging due to advancements in boat design and navigational technology.
• 🐫 The trans-Saharan trade involved the exchange of goods like salt and gold, with Timbuktu becoming a significant trade and learning center.
• 🌐 The Mongol Empire, under Genghis Khan, played a dual role as both a destructive force and a catalyst for cultural and technological exchange.
• 📚 The study guide provided is designed to help students review and understand the key concepts of Unit 2, including the spread of religion, technology, and the impact of the Mongols.
• 🌍 The environmental and cultural consequences of these trade networks were significant, including the spread of diseases like the bubonic plague and foods like sugar and bananas.
• 📈 The Mongols' khanates were vast regions of Asia ruled by Genghis Khan's descendants, which helped maintain order and facilitate trade along the Silk Roads.

Q & A

What is the main focus of Unit 2 in AP World History?

Unit 2 focuses on the 'networks of exchange' during the time period of 1200 to 1450, emphasizing the interconnectedness of world regions through trade routes and the Mongol Empire.

What are the three major trade routes discussed in the script?

The three major trade routes are the Silk Roads, the Indian Ocean trade, and the trans-Saharan trade.

What is the significance of the term 'Caravan Sarai' in the context of the Silk Roads?

Caravan Sarai refers to a resting place for merchants traveling in caravans along the Silk Roads, providing safety and lodging during their trade journeys.

Why is the term 'diaspora' important in the Indian Ocean trade?

The term 'diaspora' is important because it describes the movement of people away from their homelands for economic benefits, which led to the spread of language, religion, and culture along the Indian Ocean trade routes.

What technological advancements are associated with the Indian Ocean trade?

Technological advancements in the Indian Ocean trade include better boat designs with laminated sails and stronger hulls, as well as improved navigational tools like the compass and astrolabe.

How did the Mongol Empire impact the trade routes?

The Mongol Empire, under Genghis Khan, used the trade routes to expand their empire, becoming a catalyst for the transfer of culture, ideas, and technology. They also served as a de facto police force, providing security along the Silk Roads.

What is the term for the regions that the Mongol Empire broke into after Genghis Khan's death?

After Genghis Khan's death, the Mongol Empire broke into regions called 'khanates,' which were ruled by his descendants.

What are some of the cultural and environmental consequences of the trade routes discussed in the script?

Cultural consequences include the spread of religions like Buddhism and Islam, as well as technological advancements. Environmental consequences include the spread of diseases like the bubonic plague and the introduction of new foods such as sugar and bananas.

Who is mentioned as a famous traveler along the trade routes, and what is their significance?

Marco Polo is mentioned as a famous traveler, but Ibn Battuta is noted as the most prolific. They are significant because their travels along the trade routes facilitated cultural and technological exchanges.

What is the importance of the city of Timbuktu in the trans-Saharan trade?

Timbuktu was a major center of trade and learning in the trans-Saharan trade, serving as a hub where caravans would 'dock' and exchange goods, ideas, and technologies.

Outlines

00:00

🌟 Introduction to Unit 2: Networks of Exchange

The paragraph introduces Unit 2 of AP World History, focusing on the period from 1200 to 1450. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of trade routes and the Mongol Empire during this era. The narrator provides a brief overview of the unit's content, including the Silk Road, Indian Ocean trade, and trans-Saharan trade. The paragraph also mentions the cultural and environmental effects of these trade networks. A study guide is offered as a resource for students, and the importance of understanding the material for the upcoming exam is highlighted.

05:02

🛣️ The Silk Road: Trade, Cities, and Vocabulary

This section delves into the specifics of the Silk Road, highlighting its significance as a network of trade routes rather than a single road. It discusses the importance of trade cities like Samarkand and the concept of Caravan Sarai, which were rest stops for merchants. The paragraph also covers the types of goods traded, such as luxury items like silk and porcelain from China, and the introduction of paper money. The narrator humorously suggests renaming 'Caravan Sarai' to 'Caravan Khalid' for clarity, although acknowledging that 'caravansary' is more likely to be used in academic contexts.

10:04

🚢 The Indian Ocean Trade and the Trans-Saharan Trade

The paragraph explores the Indian Ocean trade network, which connected regions through maritime routes. It discusses the emergence of new trade cities like Malacca and the technological advancements that facilitated trade, such as improved boat designs and navigational tools. The concept of 'diaspora' is introduced to describe people living away from their homeland for economic opportunities, with a focus on how this led to the spread of Islam along the trade routes. The paragraph also covers the trans-Saharan trade, emphasizing the exchange of goods like salt and gold, and the use of camels and caravans for transportation across the desert.

15:06

🌐 Consequences of Trade and the Mongol Impact

This section summarizes the broader impacts of the trade networks discussed in the previous paragraphs. It covers the spread of religion, technology, and the exchange of goods like sugar and bananas. The paragraph also addresses the environmental consequences, such as the spread of the bubonic plague and the movement of foodstuffs. The Mongol Empire's role in facilitating trade and cultural exchange is highlighted, with a focus on their military prowess and the establishment of khanates. The narrator encourages students to use the provided study guide and answer key to prepare for exams, emphasizing the importance of understanding the interconnectedness of the world during this period.

📚 Conclusion and Study Resources

The final paragraph serves as a conclusion, reminding students of the importance of Unit 2 in the broader context of AP World History. It encourages students to utilize the study guide and other resources provided by the narrator, such as practice sheets and full practice exams. The paragraph motivates students to excel in the unit exam and the AP World History exam, offering support and resources for further study.

Keywords

💡Networks of Exchange

Networks of Exchange refers to the interconnected systems of trade and cultural exchange that developed during the period of 1200 to 1450. In the video, this concept is central to understanding how different regions of the world were linked through trade routes, leading to the spread of goods, ideas, and technologies. It is exemplified by the discussion of the Silk Road, Indian Ocean trade, and trans-Saharan trade, which were the major conduits for exchange during this era.

💡Silk Road

The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that connected East Asia with Central Asia, West Asia, and the Mediterranean world. It was central to the economic, cultural, political, and religious interactions between these regions. In the video, the Silk Road is highlighted for its significance in facilitating the exchange of luxury goods like silk and porcelain from China, as well as the spread of paper money and iron and steel production techniques.

💡Caravan Sarai

A Caravan Sarai, also humorously suggested as 'Caravan Khalid' in the video, refers to a roadside inn where travelers could rest and recover from the day's journey. These establishments were crucial along trade routes like the Silk Road, providing a safe haven for merchants and their goods. The video emphasizes the importance of Caravan Sarais in the context of the Silk Road, illustrating the practical aspects of long-distance trade.

💡Indian Ocean Trade

The Indian Ocean Trade refers to the maritime trade network that connected regions around the Indian Ocean, facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas. The video discusses how this trade network was instrumental in the spread of luxury items, advanced boat designs, and navigational technologies like the compass and astrolabe, which improved the reliability of maritime trade.

💡Diaspora

Diaspora, in the context of the video, refers to populations that have spread from their original homeland to other regions, often for economic opportunities. This term is used to describe how people from various cultures settled along the Indian Ocean trade routes, leading to the spread of languages, religions, and cultural practices. The video mentions how the movement of people, such as Arabs and Persians, contributed to the spread of Islam in these regions.

💡Trans-Saharan Trade

Trans-Saharan Trade denotes the trade network that spanned across the Sahara Desert, connecting sub-Saharan Africa with North Africa and the Mediterranean world. The video explains that this trade was significant for the exchange of commodities like salt and gold. It also discusses the use of camels, Caravans, and navigational tools like compasses and astrolabes to traverse the harsh desert environment.

💡Timbuktu

Timbuktu was a prominent city in the trans-Saharan trade network, known for its role as a center of trade and learning. The video highlights Timbuktu's significance as a place where Caravans 'docked' much like ships, emphasizing its role in the cultural and economic exchange of the region.

💡Mongol Empire

The Mongol Empire, as discussed in the video, was a vast empire that spanned across Asia and into Europe, known for its military prowess and the use of advanced warfare strategies. The video describes the Mongols as a catalyst for the spread of culture, ideas, and technology, despite their reputation for destruction. They are also noted for their role in maintaining security along the trade routes.

💡Khanate

A Khanate, as mentioned in the video, refers to a region of Asia that was ruled by a descendant of Genghis Khan after his death. The term is used to describe the divisions of the Mongol Empire, each governed by a Khan. The video explains that these Khanates continued to influence trade and cultural exchange in their respective regions.

💡Cultural Exchange

Cultural Exchange is a broad term that encompasses the sharing of ideas, beliefs, and customs between different cultures and societies. The video emphasizes how trade routes like the Silk Road and the Indian Ocean trade network facilitated this exchange, leading to the spread of religions like Buddhism and Islam, as well as technological advancements and innovations.

💡Environmental Consequences

Environmental Consequences, as discussed in the video, refer to the significant impacts that the trade networks and human activities had on the environment during this period. The video mentions the spread of diseases like the bubonic plague and the introduction of new food crops, such as sugar and bananas, which had profound effects on the ecology and economies of Afro-Eurasia.

Highlights

Unit 2 of AP World History focuses on the period from 1200 to 1450 and the interconnectedness of global trade routes and empires.

This review video is designed to summarize key information from Unit 2, not to explain every detail.

A comprehensive study guide and answer key are provided for free to assist with exam preparation.

Unit 1 covered major players in world history, while Unit 2 emphasizes the connections through trade and the Mongol Empire.

The Silk Road, Indian Ocean trade, and trans-Saharan trade are the three main trade routes discussed in Unit 2.

The Silk Road is a network of trade routes connecting East Asia to the Islamic world, facilitating the exchange of luxury goods and technologies.

Caravanserai, or Caravan Khalid, were rest stops for merchants along the Silk Road, playing a crucial role in trade and safety.

Samarkand is a key trade city on the Silk Road, known for its strategic location and trade in valuable goods.

Paper money, a significant innovation, made trade along the Silk Road more efficient by reducing the need for heavy metal coins.

The Indian Ocean trade route connected regions of East Africa, the Islamic world, South Asia, and Southeast Asia through maritime trade.

Malacca is a prominent trade city on the Indian Ocean route, benefiting from its strategic location at the midpoint between the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

The term 'diaspora' is introduced to describe people living away from their homeland for economic opportunities or exile.

Islam was spread along the Indian Ocean trade routes, with Arabs and Persians playing a significant role in this dissemination.

The trans-Saharan trade route facilitated the exchange of salt and gold between North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa.

Timbuktu was a significant trade and learning center in the trans-Saharan trade, known for its architectural marvels.

The Mongol Empire, under Genghis Khan, used the trade routes to build the largest empire in history, with both destructive and catalytic effects.

The Mongols also contributed to the spread of cultural and technological advancements, such as the decimal system and medical knowledge.

Environmental consequences of trade included the spread of diseases like the bubonic plague and the introduction of new foods like sugar and bananas.

The Mongols' khanates were massive regions of Asia ruled by descendants of Genghis Khan, showcasing the empire's fragmentation after his death.

Transcripts

let's review everything you need to know

for unit 2 of AP World History modern

[Music]

before we get going three things first

thing this is unit 2 networks of

exchange therefore if you're just

finding this video and haven't watched

unit one the global tapestry I highly

recommend second thing this is a review

video I'm not explaining every single

detail here that's what your class is

for this video is to review all of that

information your teacher is through at

you over the past few weeks and arrange

it into one digestible video so that you

can pass your test and get a file in the

exam in May third thing you think I

didn't come here bearing gifts boom a

whole study guide designed just for you

non-press what if I told you I already

filled out the whole thing yeah an

answer key and it's all for free you're

welcome you can download it from the

link in the description from the

ultimate review packet you Veterans of

the series know what went down in the

last video reviewing unit one spoiler

unit one was basically a World War

region by region of the major players in

world history from 1200 to 1450. well

unit two networks of exchange focuses on

now all of that stuff from unit one is

connected simply put it's trade routes

and Mongols but that doesn't mean it's

simple check out this map I made for the

entire unit right that's all mess I'm

interconnectivity so let's review unit

two first thing to remember this is the

exact same time period 1200 to 1450 as

the first unit remember the course is

divided into four quarters of time so

everything you learned in unit one is

happening simultaneously with what you

learned in unit two units three and four

will time Jump Ahead but for now we're

staying here in 1200 to 1450. the macro

view of this unit is that it's three

trade routes the Mongol Empire and the

effects of all this interconnectivity

that's the Silk Road the Indian Ocean

trade and the trans-saharan trade now

all three of these made a cameo in unit

one the global tapestry but there's an

added bonus here there are two sections

devoted to just the effects of this

trade one on the cultural effects the

other on the environmental effects let's

start with the granddaddy of them all

the Silk Road the Silk Road has a

serious marketing team working for IT

world history teachers I love it it's

got that cool name Silk Road I mean come

on the other trade routes are literally

just a description of the area they

cover not the Silk Road you almost feel

like you're there just from saying say

Silk Road right can't buy that kind of

PR let's take a look at this thing

here's a map the Silk Road spans from

East Asia to darl Islam it began well

before 1200 around 100 BCE when the Han

Chinese were traveling west in an

attempt to gain allies in their fight

against the zhongnu why even bring up

the genre guess what the genre are

that's right their Turks hashtag Global

tapestry hashtag darlislam hashtag it's

Turk time anyways as they expanded to

the West they just kept going and

trading and joining up with existing or

ancient trade routes and connected those

routes back to downtown Earth a place I

like to call China which brings me to a

quick tangent I always say Silk Road but

I'm from South Carolina and

pronunciations are not my strong suit

it's not the Silk Road it's the Silk

Road Z plural it's not just one mass of

highway system the United States isn't

connected by one highway it's a whole

network think of the Silk Roads like a

series of highways that were linked and

connected the wealthiest most advanced

places on the planet between 1200 and

1450. so I'll try and be better Silk

Roads Silk Roads Silk Roads period rears

its head along the Silk Road if you

don't know unit 1 the global tapestry

here you're gonna have a bad time look

back at the map the map shows everything

that is either explicitly or implicitly

mentioned by the college board but let's

get Mata look through the map look

through the map to see the unit 1 map

because underneath these cities and

travelers and exchanges

lie the regions Empires and sultanates

of unit 1 the global tapestry these

things are all interconnected which is

the point of unit two but when you look

at any map of the Silk Roads you're

gonna start to see little dots pop up

along the way these are trade cities

these cities are located all along the

Silk Roads where trade in places like

Caravan sarai's are the most beneficial

this brings us to the most important

vocab word for the Silk Roads even

though they aren't just along the Silk

Roads and that's the Caravan Sarai break

that word down Caravans are just groups

of merchants traveling together for

safety that's easy but Sarai is a tough

one sarai's Persian for Palace think of

it more of a caravan Fortress wait

what's the Persian word for Fortress

calendar

wait Caravan Khalid that's way better

all right can we all agree to just from

now on call it Caravan Khalid from now

on Caravan Khalid really miss an

opportunity there serious Caravan Khalid

sounds better Caravan Cal is just better

Sarai

Quebec so these were often around major

trade cities and when it comes to the

Silk Road there are a ton of trade

cities but you only need to know one my

jam some are can check the map it's in

modern day Uzbekistan it's in Central

Asia which is one of the Lesser used

regions in AP World History it's right

in the middle of Europe Persia and East

Asia location location Marco Polo and

Ivan Matilda were not the norm you would

travel to trade cities like samarkan or

kashgar and get Chinese silk or

porcelain nobody walking from London to

Beijing but you could go from

Constantinople to Samar Khan but where

will you keep your super valuable luxury

items you traded for boom check out this

Caravan Khalid or Caravan sir your

teacher probably uh is not going to take

care of n Khaled even though it is

objectively a superior term so maybe go

with caravanser the rest of what you

need to know about the Silk Road is

what's being traded and how it's traded

so here focus on luxury goods like Silk

and Porcelain from China but maybe more

importantly to the emerging

inter-regional economy paper money think

of the mental jump you have to make to

go from heavy metal coins of rare Metals

representing value to paper with

something written on it you farm all

year all that chompa rice and harvested

it to then you give it to me and I give

you a paper with some weird markings on

it historically you're probably

illiterate so that's a tough sell but

for Merchants Paper is light paper is

backed by banks that hold those precious

metals paper is backed by banks that

hold those precious metals so you don't

have to walk to Samarkand with ropes and

ropes of heavy metal coins last thing

China isn't just about luxury goods they

are starting to produce copious amounts

of Iron and Steel now this isn't unit 5

Industrial Revolution levels but they

are doing it better than anyone else

keeping up with that study guide by the

way pause here if you need to and give

it a shot next trade route the Indian

Ocean exchange the map here shows you

the regions of East Africa Darla Islam

South Asia southeast Asia and East Asia

all being nautically connected using

this trailer it's the same thing as the

Silk Roads just a maritime version

luxury goods and Technologies are being

exchanged with this kind of trade you're

going to see new trade cities emerge

again the College Board doesn't name

anyone here but go with Malacca it's

like Samarkand it's a prime location

along the trade route but instead of

being in the middle of the Silk Roads

it's in the middle of the Malacca Strait

which is the Midway point between

Pacific Oceans and Indian oceans one

thing to focus on on the Indian Ocean

tech technology better boat designs

featuring latent sales and stronger Hull

designs or directional technology like

the compass of the astrolite vastly

improved navigation more reliable

navigation at least a more reliable

trade which made the Indian Ocean trade

the maritime Trade Network until the

second period of AP World History 1450

to 1750. the Indian Ocean trade network

does have its own vocab word to focus on

here so the Silk Roads had caravan's

Horizon here the term to know is

diaspora or diaspora this one is simple

people are living away from their

Homeland like I'm from South Carolina

but I live all the way up here in

Virginia technically I'm in diaspora but

that's not really what the word means

generally people have moved in large

numbers either by force like the Jews

living outside of their holy land or as

in the case here they've moved to

different parts of the Indian Ocean

trade route for economic benefits so

it's not just people moved they're

either in Exile or working to make more

money for their families or following

the trade route now when this happens

people living in diaspora they often

live in and amongst larger groups of

indigenous people like here in Northern

Virginia people don't nearly say y'all

enough I mean it's a perfect word think

of all the time I've saved through all

of my years just by saying y'all it's

literally seconds well I've been trying

to introduce that up here in Virginia

all along the Indian Ocean trade

networks language religion beliefs

festivals Foods all of that spread when

Chinese immigrants move to Malaysia or

when the melee people move to India

arguably the biggest and most

influential group living in diaspora

along the Indian Ocean trade Network

where the Arabs Persians and other

Muslims who helped to spread Islam

around the Indian Ocean the four largest

Islamic populations on Earth today are

all along the Indian Ocean First

Pakistan second Indonesia third India

for Bangladesh five is Nigeria which is

nowhere near the street oh last thing

the Silk Roads were just a bunch of

Roads people know when it's gonna snow

or when the rainy season is big deal but

when you're out in the ocean

specifically the Indian Ocean you have

to understand the monsoon winds they

switch directions seasonally and if you

don't understand these you don't stand a

chance don't forget about the study

guide if you sit there and stare at this

video hi Hi how are you if you're

staring at me in a few minutes you're

not going to remember anything get stuck

don't worry about it I made an answer

key for you check mine versus yours and

go from there the third and final trade

route to focus on here the trans-saharan

trade route this is low-key my favorite

why it's super easy to understand and

it's drastically different than the

other two do not Overlook what all these

trade routes are for so people are gonna

go from one place to another place to

trade what they have for what they want

so what do you want from sub-Saharan

Africa sub-Saharan Africa by the way is

the part of Africa itself of the Sarah

does but what do they want two things

salt and goal how do I know they want it

they literally tie themselves to a giant

camel and cross the largest desert on

the planet to get access to and just

like the other trade routes they use new

technologies compasses and astrolabes

for direction camel Saddles change the

game by increasing the amount that a

camel could carry if you're walking

across a gigantic desert the more you

can bring back in one trip the better

also it sounds basic but Caravans yeah

groups they help you know the point when

every horror movie goes bad when they

decide to split up yeah don't do that

stick together it deters Bandits and

you're less likely to get lost and hell

maybe you can even afford a guide so

pull up with your crew the Caravan this

gets redundant but with great trade

comes transfers of technology and ideas

already mentioned the compass but the

big deal here is Islam as we mentioned

back in unit 1 the global tapestry that

means you are dealing with the Empire of

Mali Mali quickly came to dominate Trey

in the region and converted in large

numbers to Islam remember that list a

minute ago the nation of Mali today is

the 21st largest Islamic population on

Earth need another trade City try Tim

Buck two I like to think of it as a

coastal city it's not it's in the middle

of Africa but it's on the coast of the

Sahara Caravans would arrive like ships

and dock at Timbuktu which became a

center of trade and learn so that's

three trade cities I mentioned Samar

Khan on the Silk Roads Malacca in the

Indian Ocean trade Network in Timbuktu

in the trans-saharan tree Molly is also

super famous for architecturally this

this and this some of these specifically

this one was actually built by a Muslim

from the Cordoba caliphate in modern day

Spain who the emperor matzah had come to

Timbuktu and build these magnificent

buildings which matzah did that you know

it was Mansa Musa what a legend this

guy's Hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca is

easily the most historically famous he's

even on the 1375 Catalan Atlas holding

gold like a boss all that's left the

consequences of all this trade so that's

pretty simple we've already mentioned

most of this stuff so I'll be brief here

religion spread Buddhism around Asia

Islam around Asia and Africa technology

spread compasses paper paper and

gunpowder from China to the rest of

afro-eurysia astrolabes and algebra from

Darla slum also you should know that

Travelers the most famous is Marco Polo

but the most prolific was IBN battuta

here's a map of all of that stuff I've

been battuta basically traveled all the

trade routes environmental consequences

were two major things food and disease

the disease to know here is the bubonic

plague that thing was a problem for all

of afro-eurasia in this period don't

think that it was only a European thing

it devastated all three connected

continents in this period and not just

once this thing came back like every few

years the other environmental

consequence was the spread of foods most

consequential of which was sugar and not

just because it's like 90 of your diet

remember later that I mentioned sugar

when we get to unit 4 after 1492. it's

one of the main drivers of the

transatlantic slave trip but in this

period it's making its way from Oceania

and Southeast Asia to afro-eurasia oh

and bananas they'll play a mage role in

unit six so you definitely won't

remember this then but bananas are

following these trade routes as well I

feel like I'm forgetting something here

to the trade route

diaspora diaspora there's some people

there I improved on the historical word

hashtag Caravan Kellen I mentioned

bananas and sugar are going to be a big

deal later on I mentioned the study

guide uh you're welcome by the way for

making those oh yeah the models I go ham

on the Mongols in class it's kind of

what history teachers do here's the deal

with the models uh you need to see them

in unit two not a big historical

breakdown of everything Mongols think of

them as the ultimate worst case scenario

for the people living in afro-eurasia we

just set up all these sweet trade routes

and everyone's having a great time

enjoying the ease of movement that these

roots afford you plus all the cool stuff

that you're trading I mean what's the

worst thing that could happen

what if an Unstoppable military

featuring some of the greatest military

strategists in history on the fastest

possible vehicle known to mankind who

happened to be some of the greatest

marksmen in the history of the planet

use these trade routes to build the

largest Empire in history yeah that's

pretty much the models badasses yes

destructive of course but they also

served as a major Catalyst for a ton of

different transfers of cultures and

ideas and Technologies they help spread

ideas like numbers yeah like want to

leave nine ten no spread from India to

Darla Islam and then on into Europe or

all those medicines from East Asia and

our Islam in unit one those were also

spread to Europe so let's all agree how

nasty and terrible they were they killed

tens of millions of people they killed

so many people it lowered the global

temperature think of how many people you

have to murder to affect the climate

yeah the models aren't that destructive

so they take over and serve as almost a

de facto police force along the Silk

Roads some weak little Bandit is not

going to want to cross even one Mongol

you do have to know one word for the

Mongols khanate basically after Genghis

Khan died the empires broke into Kane

it's akani is a massive region of Asia

that was ruled by a descendant of

Genghis Khan see unit 2 is literally

just a focus on how the regions of the

world from 1200 to 1450 are

interconnected by trade routes and monks

did you finish the study guide no you

have some spots that need some work no

worries the same place you found the

study guide is the key to the study

guide look at my key to help you out

let's review the review know the trade

routes Silk Roads Indian Ocean and

transharen know the consequences the

Techno technology The Travelers the

sugar the bananas the plagues know the

Mongols but not just arrows and horses

but like medicine and numbers and that

is unit 2. networks of exchange pair

units 1 and unit 2 together and you get

everything you need to know between 1200

and 1450. the first two units are less

represented than the next four units but

you now have a foundation to get into

the real reel of this course units three

four five and six are the heavy hitter

stick with me you should be all right I

got 20 years in the game plus there's a

ton of videos over on my channel besides

these reviews that can help you out also

I got all kinds of stuff over in the

ultimate review packet to help you out

I've got a practice sheet for the AP

World skill of comparison that they

really focus on for unit two there's

also a full practice exam and there are

all kinds of things I've created just to

help you out so good luck on that unit 2

exam and more importantly on the AP

World History exam this may

foreign