Introduction To Waste | Waste Management 2020 | Environmental Science | LetsTute

Let'stute

2 Jun 201609:55

Summary

TLDRThe session introduces the concept of waste management, highlighting how human activities generate various types of waste. It explains different categories of waste, such as domestic, industrial, clinical, agricultural, nuclear, and e-waste, and their impact on health and the environment. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding and classifying waste, covering the distinctions between biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials. The session concludes by stressing the need for proper waste management to prevent pollution and health hazards, and hints at future discussions on strategies for reducing and managing waste effectively.

Takeaways

🏠 Waste generation starts at home with everyday items like food scraps, leftover food, and recyclables.
🌱厨余垃圾和蔬菜来自厨房，旧报纸、塑料和纸箱等包装材料也是常见的家庭垃圾。
🗑️ 我们丢弃的物品，如旧报纸、塑料和纸箱，最终会进入垃圾箱，成为固体废物。
🚮 回收和处理废物是一个复杂的过程，包括收集、运输、甚至废物的最终处理。
🌿 有机废物，如庭院垃圾，可以转化为堆肥，而电子废物则需要特殊处理以回收有价值的材料。
🔬 医疗废物，包括医院和实验室产生的废物，需要严格的处理程序以防止疾病传播。
♻️ 可回收物包括各种材料，如纸张、塑料、金属和玻璃，它们可以被回收再利用。
🚫 有害废物，如化学品和某些类型的电池，需要特别注意，因为它们可能对环境和人类健康构成威胁。
🌍 废物管理是一个全球性问题，不同地区和国家有不同的废物处理方法和挑战。
🔍 了解废物的来源和类型对于有效管理废物至关重要，这有助于减少污染和保护环境。

Q & A

What are the various needs and things that humans depend on?
-Humans depend on many things from their environment to satisfy various needs, including food, drinks, and other essential items.
What is the process after having used the items?
-After using items, humans discard them, which includes throwing away things like packet foods, bottles, drinks cans, and extra food.
What happens to the leftover food and vegetables from the kitchen?
-Leftover food and vegetables from the kitchen are often discarded into the dustbin.
What are some examples of items discarded from daily life?
-Examples include old newspapers, plastics, cardboard wrappings, broken objects, and the list continues as we discard many things because they are no longer of any use.
Why do we need to manage waste properly?
-Proper waste management is necessary because it prevents unwanted, defective, old, and worthless items from accumulating and becoming a health and environmental hazard.
What are the processes involved in waste management?
-Waste management involves processes such as collection, segregation, transportation, and the final disposal of waste, which includes recycling and treatment.
What are the different types of waste generated in domestic and industrial activities?
-Domestic waste includes everyday household items, while industrial waste includes materials from various industrial processes.
What is the significance of classifying waste?
-Classifying waste is significant as it helps in determining the appropriate method of disposal or treatment based on the type and form of waste generated.
How can we reduce the amount of waste generated?
-We can reduce waste by reusing items, recycling, and properly managing our consumption habits to minimize the creation of waste.
What are the potential dangers of improper waste management?
-Improper waste management can lead to environmental pollution, health issues, and ecological damage, as seen in the Minamata Bay incident in Japan, which was caused by the release of mercury from a fertilizer plant.
How can we ensure that waste is managed in an environmentally friendly way?
-Ensuring environmentally friendly waste management involves segregating waste, recycling, and using waste treatment methods that minimize harm to the environment.

Outlines

00:00

🗑️ Waste Generation and Management

The first paragraph discusses the various sources of waste that humans produce in their daily lives, starting from environmental waste to household needs. It mentions that waste is generated through our developmental processes and is often discarded in the form of packaging from food and drinks, leftover food, and kitchen waste. It also talks about discarding items like old newspapers, plastics, cardboard wrappings, and broken objects. The paragraph highlights that waste is often considered useless and unwanted, leading to its disposal. It further explains the waste management process, starting from collection to transportation, and eventually the disposal or treatment of waste. The waste can be categorized based on its origin, such as domestic, industrial, clinical, agricultural, and even nuclear waste. The paragraph emphasizes the need for proper waste management to prevent environmental pollution and health hazards.

05:02

🌍 Environmental Impact of Waste

The second paragraph focuses on the environmental and health impacts of waste. It discusses the classification of waste based on its potential risk to human health and the environment. The paragraph mentions that certain types of waste can be toxic, harmful, and even explosive, requiring careful handling and disposal. It also talks about the different types of waste, such as solid waste, liquid waste, and gaseous waste, and how they can be hazardous depending on their composition. The paragraph further explains the classification of waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable categories, with biodegradable waste being able to break down over time through the action of microorganisms, while non-biodegradable waste remains in the environment for years. The paragraph concludes by emphasizing the importance of proper waste management to reduce pollution and protect public health.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Waste Management

Waste management refers to the collection, transportation, disposal, recycling, or monitoring of waste materials. In the context of the video, it is the central theme as it discusses the various types of waste generated by humans and the processes involved in managing them. The script mentions discarding items like food packaging, drinks, and leftover food, which are all part of waste management practices.

💡Environmental Impact

Environmental impact encompasses the effects of human activities on the natural environment. The video script discusses how waste, if not managed properly, can lead to pollution and other negative impacts. For example, it mentions the release of mercury from fertilizer plants into water, which can harm aquatic life and people.

💡Recycling

Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and products. The script touches upon the importance of recycling in waste management, suggesting that items like plastic containers can be kept out of landfills by recycling them, thus reducing environmental harm.

💡Hazardous Waste

Hazardous waste refers to waste materials that pose substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment. The video script refers to clinical and biomedical waste, which includes materials from hospitals and laboratories that can be harmful if not disposed of properly.

💡Sustainability

Sustainability is the ability to maintain processes or states in a certain way over the long term. The video implies the need for sustainable waste management practices to ensure that waste does not deplete natural resources or harm the environment. This is evident in the discussion of reducing, reusing, and recycling waste.

💡Landfill

A landfill is a site for the disposal of waste materials by burial. The script mentions landfills as one of the methods for waste disposal, but it also highlights the need to reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills to minimize environmental damage.

💡Pollution

Pollution refers to the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects. The video script discusses various types of pollution, such as air, water, and soil pollution, caused by improper waste disposal.

💡Biodegradable

Biodegradable materials are capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms. The script discusses biodegradable waste, such as organic waste from gardens, which can be broken down naturally over time, as opposed to non-biodegradable waste that persists in the environment.

💡Toxicity

Toxicity refers to the degree to which a substance can cause harm or damage to an organism. The video script mentions toxic waste, such as chemicals from industrial processes, which can be harmful or fatal if ingested or if they come into contact with the skin.

💡Resource Conservation

Resource conservation is the careful and efficient use of materials to prevent waste and to preserve resources for future generations. The video script implies the importance of resource conservation by discussing how waste management can reduce the consumption of raw materials by reusing and recycling.

💡Waste Segregation

Waste segregation is the process of separating different types of waste so they can be treated or disposed of in the most appropriate way. The script mentions the segregation of waste as a crucial step in the waste management process to ensure that different types of waste are handled correctly.

Highlights

Introduction to the session on waste management and its importance.

Human dependence on many things, from our environment to satisfying various needs.

The process of discarding things we no longer use, such as packaged foods, bottles, drinks, and extra food.

What we do after having it thrown over the fence and the bottles, right, and what about leftover food and vegetables from the kitchen.

Even the date goes into our dustbin, we discard a lot of things like old newspapers, plastic, and cardboard wrappings.

The list just continues, we discard and throw away such things because they can no longer be of any use to us.

Might be unexpected, defective, old and worthless, and such objects are no longer of any use to us.

West this can be as small as a used pen to a large age and old.

Also west to one person may not necessarily be west to another.

Normally we get rid of the west generated at homes by keeping our bins outside the house.

But it's the end of it, no, this west and under go a series of processes.

Right from its collection segment, transportation, we even treat and finally are disposal.

Let's see the various places of its origin from where the west can be collected.

Let's begin with the west generated in our houses during the various day-to-day activities.

The next is industrial west, this includes all the various west generated during different industrial processes.

The next one is clinical and biomedical west, this mainly includes the west from hospitals, nursing homes, pathological laboratories, medical clinics.

Agricultural activities also generate different west products.

Nuclear west, the west products of the nuclear power plants, includes radioactive minerals and metals.

Most care has to be taken for this type of west.

We have to do is segregate them and separate them but how will we be doing that.

Well, the dealer are sorted by which we can classify the west.

Let's look at them one by one according to the kind and form of west generated.

We classify west into three categories: solid west, liquid west, and gaseous west.

Solid west can be easily seen, it is generated from different types of activities like construction, industries, domestic use, etc.

Liquid chemical effluents from various industries are a type of liquid west.

Gaseous west includes all types of gaseous west from various industries based on the amount of moisture present in the west.

It is of two types: wet west and dry west.

You might have all seen plastic containers which are mostly kept along the pavements.

Right and under the classification of west according to their effect on human health and environment.

From the name itself we know west are those that can be toxic and harmful to humans, animals, and plants.

This west can catch fire, very easily.

It can be reactive, corrosive, and even explosive.

Such west can be from hospital industrial and even domestic origin.

The non-hazardous west are those that do not have any harmful effect on our environment and life on earth.

According to their properties west can be classified as biodegradable and non-biodegradable.

Organic west which can be easily broken down by the action of microorganisms over time.

Cold biodegradable west wear the non-degradable west are those which cannot be broken down by micro.

Organisms and will remain on the earth for years.

Here we see the various ways by which we can classify the west.

But wait, there is a second category of west which will discuss.

Old television set and under old television set and similar products like computers.

We have a special category of west called e-waste.

E-waste and e-waste electrical and electronic equipment.

It is the name given for electronic products near the end of their useful life.

Wandering why we need to study and know about things which are just west because when left unattended.

West accumulates and causes series health, effects and we all know plastic does not degrade very slowly.

Which is a big problem moreover many aquatic animals like whales, seals, die every year from plastic bag litters.

Also often mistake plastic bags for food.

Similarly, many terrestrial animals like cows, dogs, and even many birds eat plastic from the dumping sides.

Ultimately leading to their death apart from causing these health effects.

It even leads to different types of pollution like air, water, soil.

A real health hazard along back in 1953 in a small city called Minamata in Japan.

Which had the region largest fertilizer industry the city was highly polluted with the west water released from the fertilizer plant.

Contained excessive amounts of mercury inorganic the highly toxic compound bioaccumulated in fish and shellfish in the bay eaten by the people living around the bay.

Giving it is a toxic disorder of the central nervous system so to conclusion health hazards associated with improper waste management.

So in an upcoming session we will see the various ways by which we can reduce and treat and same way of managing this west.

So stay tuned.