Sejarah Nusa Tenggara Timur dan Berbagai Potensi Wisatanya | Tagar

Summary

This video provides an insightful overview of the history of Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) province, from the shift of kingdoms to swaprajas in the early 1900s, to the Portuguese and Dutch colonial periods, and the eventual Japanese occupation. It highlights significant events like the Lisbon Treaty of 1893 and the formation of East Indonesia in 1946. Additionally, it covers NTT's administrative changes and the province’s unique tourist destinations, including Komodo National Park, Kelimutu, and Lamalera’s whale hunting traditions. The video emphasizes both the rich history and emerging travel spots in the region.

Takeaways

• 😀 The history of Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) province after 1908 involves significant political changes, with kingdoms transitioning into swapraja (autonomous regions).
• 😀 There are 10 swapraja on Timor Island, 15 on Sumba Island, 9 on Flores Island, and 7 on Alor Pantar Island in NTT.
• 😀 Swapraja were further divided into smaller regions called kVA toran.
• 😀 Portuguese colonialists took control of NTT in the pursuit of spice trade, enforcing forced labor and a monopoly on the market.
• 😀 The Dutch took over Portuguese territories in 1613, conquering the Portuguese fortress in Solor and gradually gaining control over NTT.
• 😀 The Dutch and Portuguese engaged in a territorial dispute, culminating in the Lisbon Agreement in 1893, which defined the borders in the region.
• 😀 Japanese occupation of NTT began in 1942, marking the end of Dutch governance in the area. Under Japan, governance was largely unchanged, though some terms were altered.
• 😀 After Japan’s surrender in 1945, the Dutch attempted to reassert control over NTT but were resisted by the local population, leading to the formation of the Republic of Indonesia in 1946.
• 😀 The Denpasar Conference in 1946 resulted in the establishment of the East Indonesia State, which included NTT's islands: Sumba, Timor, and Flores.
• 😀 In 1950, NTT became part of the Sunda Kecil region under Indonesia’s administrative restructuring. It was later renamed Nusa Tenggara under legislation in 1954.
• 😀 The NTT province was officially divided into three administrative regions: Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara, as per legislation in 1958.
• 😀 NTT is home to unique tourist destinations, including Komodo National Park, Kelimutu’s Three-Colored Lake, and the traditional whale hunting in Lamalera, Lembata.

Q & A

What significant political change occurred in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) after 1908?

After 1908, the kingdoms in Nusa Tenggara Timur generally changed their status to 'swapraja,' with 10 located on Timor Island, 15 on Sumba Island, 9 on Flores Island, and 7 on Alor-Pantar Island.

What is a 'swapraja' in the context of NTT's political history?

A 'swapraja' refers to smaller administrative regions within the larger territories of Nusa Tenggara Timur, which were further subdivided into even smaller units called 'kva toran.'

How did the Portuguese influence NTT during the colonial period?

The Portuguese took control of NTT to monopolize spice trade, particularly from the Suku Bunak community, and implemented forced cultivation ('tanam paksa') and a trade monopoly in the region.

What event marked the decline of Portuguese influence in NTT?

In 1613, the Dutch successfully ousted the Portuguese by capturing their fortress in Solor, ending their dominance in the region.

What was the outcome of the 1735 agreement between the Dutch and local rulers in NTT?

The 1735 agreement granted the Dutch a monopoly over trade in NTT and recognized their sovereignty over the region, even though conflicts with Portugal continued.

What is the significance of the Lisbon Treaty of 1893 for NTT?

The Lisbon Treaty of 1893 resolved the territorial dispute between Portugal and the Netherlands, establishing clear borders in the region.

How did Japanese occupation affect NTT during World War II?

During the Japanese occupation from 1942, the governance of NTT did not change significantly, although certain terms and administrative details were altered. After Japan's surrender in 1945, the Dutch attempted to regain control but faced resistance from local populations.

What happened in the 1946 Denpasar Conference related to NTT?

The 1946 Denpasar Conference led to the formation of the State of Eastern Indonesia, which included 14 regions, three of which were from NTT: Timor, Sumba, and Flores.

What is the significance of the 1950 regulation for NTT?

According to Government Regulation No. 21 of 1950, NTT became part of the Sunda Kecil region, which was later renamed Nusa Tenggara under Emergency Law No. 9 of 1954.

How did NTT's administrative structure change in 1958?

In 1958, NTT was divided into three provinces: Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), based on Law No. 64/1958.

What are some unique tourist destinations in NTT?

NTT is home to unique destinations such as Komodo National Park in Manggarai Barat, the Three Colors Lake in Kelimutu, the traditional whale hunting in Lamalera, and emerging sites like Liman Beach in Semau Island, and Mulut Seribu waters in Rote Ndao.