Janeiro de 2025 - VÍdeo 2 (continuação)

Summary

The video script delves into the relationship between the methodologies of human sciences, particularly economics, and their philosophical foundations. The speaker highlights the distinction between economics and other social sciences, emphasizing the role of sociology, anthropology, and political science. The script also discusses the influence of utilitarian philosophers like David Hume and John Stuart Mill on economic thought, focusing on the integration of quantitative and qualitative methods in modern economics. It reflects on the challenges and complexities of understanding economics and sociology, emphasizing the importance of using correct, specialized materials in the study process.

Takeaways

• 😀 The methodology of human sciences, including economics, relies on a special scientific approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods.
• 😀 Economics stands out from other human sciences due to its heavy use of mathematics and statistics, especially in areas like international finance.
• 😀 Sociology plays a critical role in the foundation of human sciences, with a significant focus on understanding social behavior and structures.
• 😀 The study of economics integrates qualitative evaluations using mathematical language, which helps explain complex phenomena like inflation.
• 😀 There is a historical divide in the philosophical development of economics, with distinct philosophical traditions influencing the field, particularly the utilitarian approach in England.
• 😀 Utilitarianism, developed by philosophers like David Hume and John Stuart Mill, has had a profound influence on economic and sociological theory.
• 😀 The differentiation between the development of philosophy in England and Germany has shaped the evolution of both economics and sociology.
• 😀 Modern economics evolved through a mix of liberal and Marxist approaches, often reflecting parallels with sociological theory.
• 😀 The study of history and philosophy is crucial for understanding the methodologies in economics, as seen in the connection to sociological and political science methodologies.
• 😀 The preparation and selection of the right materials for study, including philosophy books, play an important role in academic success and understanding complex subjects.

Q & A

What is the focus of the discussion in the script?

The script discusses the methodologies in human sciences, particularly focusing on the field of economics and how it incorporates sociological elements, along with the differences between economics and other social sciences.

How does the script describe the relationship between economics and other social sciences?

The script emphasizes that economics, while part of the broader category of social sciences, has distinct methodologies, especially in its use of quantitative and qualitative methods. The script also discusses how economics has evolved, especially in areas like international finance.

What does the script suggest about the development of social sciences?

The script notes that social sciences, including sociology, anthropology, and political science, have more recently emerged and have made efforts to establish themselves as rigorous sciences, with sociology being a particularly influential area.

How does the script relate economics to philosophy?

The script draws a connection between economics and philosophy, noting that economic thought, especially utilitarianism, is grounded in philosophical ideas that were developed in the 19th century, particularly in England.

Which philosophers are highlighted in the script, and what is their relevance?

The script highlights philosophers like David Hume and John Stuart Mill. It discusses how their philosophical ideas have influenced economic thought, particularly in the development of economic models and the use of utilitarian principles in economics.

What is the script's view on the importance of the material used for studying?

The script emphasizes the importance of using accurate and appropriate study materials. It mentions the significance of selecting the right resources, citing how such choices can greatly impact the quality of understanding and even influence success, as seen in Nobel Prizes.

What role does the script say sociology plays in the context of the lecture?

The script mentions that the study of sociology, along with economics, plays an important role in understanding human society. The speaker reflects on how their own background in sociology influenced their approach to economics.

What is discussed about the integration of quantitative and qualitative methods in economics?

The script discusses how modern economics, particularly in the study of international finance, blends quantitative and qualitative methods. This combination has allowed economics to tackle complex issues like inflation, with mathematical and statistical tools.

How does the speaker describe the effort involved in preparing study materials?

The speaker describes the preparation of the study materials as a time-consuming and challenging task. They mention the effort involved in digitizing a special book that is not available online, reflecting their dedication to providing high-quality resources.

What is the issue raised about the difference between English and German philosophy?

The script touches on the divide between English philosophy, which influenced economics and utilitarianism, and German philosophy, which gave rise to figures like Hegel and Marx. This distinction is important in understanding the historical development of economic thought.