Temperature Sensor || Type, Application And Advantage Of Temperature Sensor.

ANITAZ COMMUNICATION TUTORIAL

29 May 202008:46

Summary

TLDRIn this Vitas Communication tutorial, we explore the world of temperature sensors, crucial for measuring heat or coldness across various applications like medical research and electronics. We delve into different types, including contact (thermometers, thermocouples, thermistors, RTDs, and semiconductor sensors) and non-contact (infrared sensors), each with unique operating parameters. Learn about their applications in electric models, HVAC systems, and renewable energy, along with their advantages in controlling temperatures and preventing overheating, ensuring safety and efficiency.

Takeaways

🌡️ Temperature sensors are crucial for measuring the degree of hotness or coldness of a body and are used across various applications.
🔌 There are two main types of temperature sensors: contact and non-contact, each with specific operating parameters and varieties.
💡 Contact temperature sensors require direct contact with the object and include thermistors, thermocouples, thermometers, RTDs, and semiconductor sensors.
🌡️ Thermometers are basic contact sensors that measure temperature through the expansion of liquid within a calibrated glass tube.
⚡️ Thermocouples are made by joining two dissimilar metals and produce a temperature-dependent voltage due to the thermoelectric effect.
📉 Thermistors exhibit a change in resistance with temperature changes, with NTC and PTC types indicating resistance decrease or increase with temperature, respectively.
🔩 RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors) offer high accuracy, with resistance directly proportional to temperature, and are made from metals like platinum and nickel.
🌐 Semiconductor sensors, or IC temperature sensors, offer high linearity and accuracy and are available in various output types like current, voltage, resistance, diode, and digital.
👀 Non-contact temperature sensors, such as infrared sensors, detect temperature without touching the object by sensing infrared radiation.
🏢 Temperature sensors have wide applications in electric models, HVAC systems, renewable energy, rubber and plastic industry, and biomedical applications.
🎯 The advantages of using temperature sensors include easy control of various temperatures in motors, electric cables, engine oils, room conditions, and water heaters, leading to energy efficiency and safety.

Q & A

What are the primary applications of temperature sensors?
-Temperature sensors are used in a variety of applications including medical research, labs, electrical or electronic components, and controlling equipment in various industries.
What are the different types of temperature scales on which temperature is measured?
-Temperature is measured on scales such as Fahrenheit, Celsius, or Kelvin.
What is the function of a temperature sensor?
-A temperature sensor is an electronic device that measures temperature and converts it into a signal.
What are the two main categories of temperature sensors discussed in the script?
-The two main categories of temperature sensors discussed are contact temperature sensors and non-contact temperature sensors.
What is a thermometer and how does it measure temperature?
-A thermometer is a basic type of contact temperature sensor that measures the temperature of a solid, liquid, or gas. It contains a liquid inside a glass tube that expands when heated, and a calibrated scale is used to indicate the temperature.
How does a thermocouple work and what are its classifications?
-A thermocouple works by joining two dissimilar metals to produce a temperature-dependent voltage due to the thermoelectric effect. It is classified into types like K, J, T, E, B, R, S, and N based on temperature ranges, durability, and resistance values.
What is a thermistor and how does it respond to temperature changes?
-A thermistor is a temperature sensor that shows a change in resistance due to a change in temperature. It is made from materials like ceramic and polymers and comes in two types: NTC (negative temperature coefficient) where resistance decreases with increasing temperature, and PTC (positive temperature coefficient) where resistance increases with increasing temperature.
What is an RTD and what is its range of measurement?
-An RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) is one of the most accurate sensors where resistance is directly proportional to temperature. It is made from metals like platinum, nickel, and copper and can measure temperatures from -270°C to 850°C.
What are the different types of outputs for semiconductor sensors?
-Semiconductor sensors, also known as IC temperature sensors, are classified into five types: current output, voltage output, resistance output, diode output, and digital output temperature sensors.
How do non-contact temperature sensors work and what are their classifications?
-Non-contact temperature sensors work by sensing characteristics of the surrounding environment by either emitting or detecting infrared radiation without requiring contact with the object. They are classified into thermal infrared sensors and quantum infrared sensors.
What are some advantages of using temperature sensors?
-Using temperature sensors allows for easy control of motor temperature, prevention of overheating in electric cables, automatic control of room temperature and humidity, and monitoring of water temperature for energy efficiency. They also have applications in renewable energy and various industries.

Outlines

00:00

🌡️ Introduction to Temperature Sensors

This paragraph introduces the topic of temperature sensors, emphasizing their importance in various applications such as medical research, labs, and electronic components. It explains that temperature is a physical quantity measured on scales like Fahrenheit, Celsius, or Kelvin. The paragraph outlines the different types of temperature sensors available in the market, including contact and non-contact sensors, and briefly describes each type. Contact sensors, which require direct contact with the object, include thermistors, thermocouples, thermometers, RTDs, and semiconductor sensors. Non-contact sensors, which measure temperature indirectly, are exemplified by infrared sensors. The paragraph provides a brief on thermometers, explaining how they measure temperature through the expansion of liquids, and mentions the calibration scales used for temperature readings.

05:01

🔍 Types and Applications of Temperature Sensors

This paragraph delves into the specifics of various temperature sensors, starting with thermistors, which are resistors that change resistance with temperature. It differentiates between NTC (negative temperature coefficient) and PTC (positive temperature coefficient) thermistors. It then discusses RTDs, which are highly accurate sensors with resistance directly proportional to temperature, typically made from metals like platinum, nickel, and copper. The paragraph also touches on semiconductor sensors, known for their high linearity and accuracy. It explores the applications of temperature sensors in electric models, HVAC systems, electric cables, renewable energy, rubber and plastic industry, and biomedical industry. The advantages of using temperature sensors are highlighted, such as controlling motor and cable temperatures, engine oil and bearing temperatures, room and water temperatures, and geothermal drilling temperatures.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Temperature Sensors

Temperature sensors are electronic devices that measure temperature and convert it into a signal. They are crucial in various applications, as they allow for the monitoring and control of temperature in different environments. In the video, they are discussed in detail, including different types and their applications, highlighting their importance in fields such as medical research, electrical or electronic components, and industrial processes.

💡Contact Temperature Sensors

Contact temperature sensors require direct contact with the object whose temperature is being measured. They include thermistors, thermocouples, thermometers, RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors), and semiconductor sensors. The video explains that these sensors are used for exact measurements in various settings, such as laboratories and industrial equipment, where direct contact with the object is feasible.

💡Thermometer

A thermometer is a basic type of contact temperature sensor that measures the temperature of solids, liquids, or gases. It contains a liquid, usually mercury or alcohol, which expands when heated, indicating the temperature on a calibrated scale. The video mentions that thermometers are widely recognized and used for their simplicity and direct measurement capabilities.

💡Thermocouple

A thermocouple is a temperature sensor made by joining two dissimilar metals, creating a hot junction and a cold junction. It generates a temperature-dependent voltage due to the thermoelectric effect. The video discusses how thermocouples are classified into different types (like Type K, Type J) based on their temperature ranges, durability, and resistance values, making them versatile for various applications.

💡Thermistor

A thermistor is a type of temperature sensor whose resistance changes with temperature. Derived from 'thermal resistor,' thermistors can be either NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient), where resistance decreases with increasing temperature, or PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient), where resistance increases with temperature. The video explains that thermistors are commonly made from ceramic and polymer materials and are used in various temperature measurement applications.

💡RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)

RTDs are highly accurate temperature sensors where the resistance is directly proportional to the temperature. They are made from metals like platinum, nickel, or copper and are used in a temperature range from minus 270 degrees Celsius to 850 degrees Celsius. The video mentions that RTDs require an external current source and can be measured using two-wire, three-wire, or four-wire methods.

💡Non-Contact Temperature Sensors

Non-contact temperature sensors measure the temperature of an object without direct contact. They operate by emitting or detecting infrared radiation. The video discusses two types: thermal infrared sensors and quantum infrared sensors. These sensors are used when it is not feasible or safe to make direct contact with the object, such as in high-temperature industrial processes or medical diagnostics.

💡Infrared Sensors

Infrared sensors are a type of non-contact temperature sensor that senses temperature by detecting infrared radiation. Infrared is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths longer than visible red light. The video explains that these sensors are used in various applications, including electric models, HVAC systems, and biomedical industries, due to their ability to measure temperature without physical contact.

💡Applications of Temperature Sensors

The video outlines various applications of temperature sensors, including in electric models for sensing motor voiding temperature, in HVAC systems for controlling indoor environments, in renewable energy applications like solar heating pumps, and in the biomedical industry. These applications demonstrate the broad utility of temperature sensors in ensuring safety, efficiency, and control in diverse settings.

💡Advantages of Temperature Sensors

The video highlights the advantages of using temperature sensors, such as easy control of motor and engine oil temperatures, prevention of overheating in electric cables, automatic room temperature control, and monitoring of water temperature for energy efficiency. These advantages underscore the importance of temperature sensors in maintaining optimal conditions and preventing damage or accidents in various industries.

Highlights

Introduction to temperature sensors and their importance in various applications.

Definition of temperature as a physical quantity and its measurement scales like Fahrenheit, Celsius, or Kelvin.

Explanation of temperature sensors as electronic devices that convert temperature into a signal.

Types of temperature sensors: contact and non-contact sensors.

Description of contact temperature sensors and their need for direct contact with the object.

Introduction to thermometers as basic contact temperature sensors.

Explanation of thermocouples, their construction, and the thermoelectric effect.

Classification of thermocouples based on temperature ranges, durability, and resistance values.

Definition of thermistors and their change in resistance with temperature.

Differentiation between NTC and PTC thermistors based on their temperature coefficient.

Introduction to RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) sensors and their accuracy.

Materials used in RTD sensors and their temperature measurement range.

Methods to measure temperature using RTD and the need for an external current source.

Overview of semiconductor sensors and their classification based on output types.

Advantages of temperature sensors in controlling motor temperature and preventing overheating.

Applications of temperature sensors in HVAC systems for controlling indoor temperatures.

Use of temperature sensors in renewable energy applications like solar heating and wind power.

Benefits of temperature sensors in biomedical industry for accurate temperature measurements.

Summary of the advantages of using temperature sensors in various industries and applications.