Cara buat lampu otomatis 220 volt tanpa relay

Summary

This tutorial demonstrates how to create an automatic light switch using a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor to control a 220V lamp. By assembling a simple circuit with a Triac BT136 and a resistor, the lamp turns on when the sensor detects darkness and off when exposed to light. The tutorial includes troubleshooting tips for flickering lights and how to use a capacitor to eliminate this issue. A clear step-by-step guide is provided, along with safety warnings, making it easy to replicate this energy-saving and convenient solution for home lighting.

Takeaways

• 😀 The tutorial demonstrates how to create an automatic light switch using a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) for controlling a 220-volt light bulb.
• 😀 The sensor used is the LDR, with a preference for larger models (1 cm or 10 mm) to increase sensitivity to light.
• 😀 The circuit is assembled with a BT136 triac, which works similarly to a transistor or mosfet but is used for AC circuits.
• 😀 A 150 kOhm resistor is connected between the LDR and the triac, and alternative resistor values like 180 kOhm or 220 kOhm can also be used.
• 😀 The LDR's functionality is demonstrated in the circuit, where it activates the light when it detects darkness and deactivates it when exposed to light.
• 😀 A direct connection to the 220-volt circuit is established, where one terminal of the triac is connected to the light's power source, and the other to the load.
• 😀 The light automatically turns on in the dark and off in the light, but there is a slight issue of dimming (the light does not fully turn off).
• 😀 To address the dimming issue, a 400-volt capacitor is added to the circuit to prevent leakage current, ensuring the light turns off completely.
• 😀 The capacitor is connected between the triac and the terminal leading to the light, which helps filter out any unwanted residual current.
• 😀 After adding the capacitor, the circuit functions properly, with the light turning off completely when exposed to light and remaining off without dimming.
• 😀 The circuit is also tested with a 10-watt incandescent bulb, and the LDR proves to be sensitive enough to work with different types of bulbs.

Q & A

What is the purpose of this project?

The purpose of this project is to create an automatic switch for a 220V light using a light-dependent resistor (LDR), which will turn the light on in the dark and off in the light.

What is an LDR and why is it used in this project?

An LDR, or Light Dependent Resistor, is a type of resistor that changes its resistance based on the amount of light it is exposed to. In this project, it is used to detect the light levels and control the lighting circuit accordingly.

Why does the presenter use a larger LDR instead of a smaller one?

The presenter uses a larger LDR (1 cm size) because it is more sensitive and can capture more light, providing better control over the lighting system.

What is the role of the BT136 in the circuit?

The BT136 is a triac, which functions similarly to a transistor or MOSFET. It is used to control the power flow to the 220V light based on the light sensor's output.

What is the purpose of the 150kΩ resistor in the circuit?

The 150kΩ resistor is used to limit the current flowing through the circuit, ensuring that the components are not damaged by excessive current.

Why is a capacitor added to the circuit, and what problem does it solve?

The capacitor is added to filter out the unwanted remnant voltage that causes the light to remain dimly lit even when the sensor detects light. It helps to ensure the light turns off completely when it should.

What voltage rating is recommended for the capacitor, and why?

A capacitor with a rating of 400V is recommended, although a 250V capacitor would also work. The higher voltage rating ensures that the capacitor can handle the 220V power supply without failing.

What happens if the sensor is exposed to light directly from a flashlight?

If the sensor is exposed directly to light, such as from a flashlight, it will cause the light to turn off as the sensor detects enough light to trigger the circuit to switch off.

What is the result when the system is tested in the dark?

In the dark, when no light is detected by the LDR, the light turns on automatically, as the sensor triggers the circuit to allow power to flow to the light.

What should be avoided when handling the circuit, and why?

When handling the circuit, it is important to avoid touching the exposed parts, as they can be dangerous and cause an electric shock. Safety precautions should be taken when working with 220V circuits.