LAW OF THE SEA (GROUP 1)

Summary

In this engaging exploration of the law of the sea, we learn about its foundational principles, including the freedom of the seas, state sovereignty, and the common heritage of mankind. The video introduces key concepts such as baselines, territorial seas, and exclusive economic zones, highlighting their significance in defining maritime jurisdiction. Notably, it discusses the role of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) in resolving disputes between nations over territorial claims. Through vivid explanations, viewers gain insights into the complexities of maritime law and its importance in promoting cooperation and safeguarding rights among states.

Takeaways

• 😀 Hugo Grotius, a Dutch lawyer, is considered the father of both international law and the law of the sea.
• 🌊 The law of the sea is a body of international rules that governs the maritime affairs of states and other international entities.
• ⚖️ The three main principles of the law of the sea are: Freedom of the seas, Sovereignty of coastal states, and the Common Heritage of Mankind.
• 💰 Violations of the law of the sea can result in a fine of up to 10,000 pesos or imprisonment for up to six years.
• 📏 The Baseline is the reference line used to measure the outer limits of maritime jurisdiction and territorial boundaries of coastal states.
• 🏝️ There are different types of baselines, such as the normal baseline, straight baselines, and archipelagic baselines, each used to demarcate boundaries under specific geographic conditions.
• 🛥️ The territorial sea extends up to 12 nautical miles from the baseline, where the coastal state exercises full sovereignty over the airspace and seabed.
• 🌍 The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extends 200 nautical miles from the baseline, where the coastal state has rights to exploit resources but not full sovereignty.
• 🌊 The High Seas are areas beyond the EEZ that do not fall under the jurisdiction of any single country and are considered international waters.
• ⚖️ The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) is responsible for resolving maritime disputes between countries, ensuring that states follow the law and protect each other's rights.

Q & A

Who is considered the father of international law and the law of the sea?

Hugo Grotius, a Dutch lawyer, is recognized as the father of international law and the law of the sea.

What is the law of the sea?

The law of the sea is a body of international rules that governs the maritime affairs of states and other subjects of international law.

What are the main functions of the law of the sea?

Its primary functions include defining the spatial distribution of national jurisdiction and ensuring cooperation among states.

What are the three main principles that govern the law of the sea?

The three principles are: 1) Freedom of the seas, 2) Sovereignty of coastal states, and 3) Common heritage of mankind.

What are the penalties for violating the law of the sea?

Violating the protocols can result in a fine of up to 10,000 pesos or imprisonment for up to six years.

What is the Baseline in the context of the law of the sea?

The Baseline is the line from which the outer limits of marine spaces under the jurisdiction of coastal states are measured.

What is the difference between the territorial sea and the exclusive economic zone (EEZ)?

The territorial sea extends up to 12 nautical miles from the baseline, granting full sovereignty, while the EEZ extends up to 200 nautical miles, allowing states rights to resources beneath the sea but not sovereignty over the surface waters.

What are the high seas?

The high seas are areas of the ocean that lie beyond the jurisdiction of any country, meaning they are not governed by a particular state.

What is the purpose of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS)?

ITLOS is a judicial body created to resolve disputes between countries regarding territorial waters and to ensure compliance with the rules of the law of the sea.

What distinguishes a coastal archipelago from an outlying archipelago?

A coastal archipelago consists of islands close to the mainland, while an outlying archipelago is situated further from the mainland and is considered an independent entity.