3 | Learn About PHP Syntax for Beginners | 2023 | Learn PHP Full Course for Beginners
Summary
TLDRThis video script offers a beginner's guide to PHP syntax, emphasizing the importance of opening and closing tags for embedding PHP within HTML documents. It explains the use of semicolons to terminate statements and the automatic semicolon implication by closing tags. The script also advises against using closing PHP tags in pure PHP files to avoid potential errors. Advanced embedding techniques and the significance of comments for code clarity and maintenance are discussed, providing a foundational understanding of PHP syntax for newcomers.
Takeaways
- đ Learning PHP syntax is crucial for writing error-free code.
- đ PHP code is embedded within HTML using opening and closing PHP tags, which are essential to memorize.
- đ It's possible to directly include PHP code within HTML tags, such as within the body tag.
- â Each PHP statement should end with a semicolon, which signifies the end of a statement, although the closing PHP tag implies a semicolon.
- đ For files containing only PHP, the opening tag is mandatory at the top, but the closing tag is omitted to avoid potential issues with whitespace.
- đ Echo is used to output text or strings in PHP, which can be wrapped in double quotes and terminated with a semicolon.
- đĄ Embedding HTML within PHP using echo allows for dynamic web page content, but it's not the most optimal method for writing HTML.
- đš Splitting PHP code with opening and closing tags around HTML can enable syntax highlighting and checking in code editors.
- đŁïž Writing comments in PHP is highly recommended for clarity and future reference, using either single-line or multi-line comment syntax.
- đ This video serves as a foundational guide to PHP syntax, preparing viewers to avoid basic errors when writing PHP code.
Q & A
What is the importance of PHP opening and closing tags in a document?
-PHP opening and closing tags are crucial as they allow the PHP parser to recognize and process the PHP code embedded within an HTML document. They enable the integration of PHP scripting directly into HTML.
Why is it recommended to end each PHP statement with a semicolon?
-Semicolons in PHP are used to indicate the end of a statement, signaling to the PHP parser that the instruction is complete. This is a standard practice to avoid errors and ensure the code is correctly interpreted.
What is the role of the 'echo' statement in PHP?
-The 'echo' statement in PHP is used to output data to the browser. It is a way to display text or variables within the HTML content on a webpage.
Why does the closing PHP tag imply a semicolon?
-The closing PHP tag implies a semicolon to prevent errors that might occur if the tag is followed by unintended whitespace or an empty line. It ensures that the last statement in the PHP block is properly terminated.
What is the recommended practice for PHP files that contain only PHP code?
-For files that contain only PHP code, it is recommended to use an opening PHP tag at the top of the file and omit the closing tag. This avoids potential issues with whitespace or formatting after the closing tag.
How can you embed PHP conditions within HTML?
-PHP conditions can be embedded within HTML by using opening and closing PHP tags around the condition. The code block within the condition can then include HTML tags, allowing for dynamic content generation based on the condition's outcome.
What is the benefit of splitting PHP and HTML code using separate PHP tags?
-Splitting PHP and HTML code using separate PHP tags allows the HTML to be recognized and syntax-checked by the editor as actual HTML, rather than a string within PHP. This enhances readability and maintainability of the code.
Why is it important to write comments in PHP code?
-Writing comments in PHP code is important for documentation purposes, helping developers understand the code's functionality at a later time. It aids in code maintenance and clarity, especially when revisiting or debugging.
How do you create a single-line comment in PHP?
-A single-line comment in PHP is created using two forward slashes (//). Anything following these slashes on the same line will be treated as a comment and not executed as code.
How do you create a multi-line comment in PHP?
-A multi-line comment in PHP is created using a forward slash followed by an asterisk (/*) to start the comment and an asterisk followed by a forward slash (*/) to end it. This allows comments to span multiple lines.
Outlines
đ» PHP Syntax Basics
This paragraph introduces the fundamental syntax of PHP coding, emphasizing the importance of opening and closing tags for embedding PHP within HTML documents. It explains how PHP parses pages to find these tags and execute the enclosed code. The paragraph also highlights the necessity of ending PHP statements with a semicolon, which signifies the completion of a statement. An 'echo' statement is introduced as a means to output text within a browser, and the automatic implication of a semicolon by the closing PHP tag is discussed. The recommendation is made to always use semicolons to avoid errors and to foster good coding habits. The paragraph concludes with advice on handling pure PHP files, suggesting the omission of a closing tag to prevent potential issues caused by whitespace or formatting errors.
đ Advanced PHP Embedding and Commenting
The second paragraph delves into more advanced techniques for embedding PHP within HTML, focusing on the proper use of PHP tags to allow for HTML syntax highlighting and error checking within code editors. It demonstrates how to structure PHP conditions and echo statements to output HTML content, while maintaining the benefits of HTML syntax checking. The paragraph also touches on the best practices for writing comments in PHP, explaining the use of single-line comments with two forward slashes and multi-line comments with a forward slash and an asterisk. The importance of commenting is stressed for future reference and clarity, ensuring that the code remains understandable and maintainable.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄPHP Syntax
đĄOpening and Closing Tags
đĄSemicolon
đĄEcho
đĄPHP Tags
đĄHTML Embedding
đĄConditions
đĄCurly Brackets
đĄSyntax Highlighting
đĄComments
Highlights
The importance of PHP syntax for writing error-free code.
Usage of opening and closing PHP tags to embed PHP code within an HTML document.
The ability to place PHP code directly inside HTML body tags.
The necessity of using semicolons to terminate PHP statements.
The automatic implication of a semicolon by the closing PHP tag.
Recommendation to always use semicolons for consistency and error prevention.
The requirement of an opening PHP tag at the top of a PHP-only file.
Omitting the closing PHP tag in pure PHP files to avoid potential errors.
Embedding PHP conditions within HTML to control the output of content.
Using the 'echo' statement to output text or strings in a browser.
Including HTML tags within PHP strings to create web page content.
The downsides of writing HTML inside PHP strings, such as lack of syntax highlighting.
The practice of splitting PHP conditions to allow for cleaner HTML syntax within.
The benefits of writing HTML as separate blocks for better readability and syntax checking.
The significance of writing comments in PHP for documentation and future reference.
How to create single-line comments in PHP using two forward slashes.
Creating multi-line comments in PHP using forward slash and asterisk tags.
The basics of PHP syntax for writing clean and error-free code.
Transcripts
now before we get started we need to
talk a bit about the syntax of writing
PHP code since syntax is what is going
to allow for you to write PHP code
without having to create too many errors
so in the last episode we talked a bit
about opening and closing tags when it
came to writing PHP inside a document
like for example your index.psp file and
the important thing to know about here
is that whenever you create these
opening and closing tags your PHP is
going to be parsing this page and search
for these opening and closing tags until
it finds one and then it's going to see
that PHP code inside those tags we can
now very easily just take our PHP code
and embed it directly inside our HTML
like I did on screen here so you can
just have the body tags you can have for
example a paragraph tag and then right
underneath you can just include some PHP
code so it is very important that
anytime you want to create PHP code you
need to have these tags you need to
memorize these tags since we have to use
them constantly whenever we want to
create any sort of PHP code so when it
comes to writing PHP code we do also
need to talk about ending off each
statement with a semicolon since
semicolons is what is going to tell our
code that this is a finished statement
so as you can see inside my code here I
have a very basic pair of PHP tags and a
echo which we haven't talked about yet
but essentially a echo is something we
used in order to Output things inside
our browsers so if I want to Output some
text or a string as we call it then I
can Echo a string which is wrapped in
double quotes and then ended off with a
semicolon to tell it that okay so this
is the end of the statement go ahead and
Echo this out inside our browser but
something you may not know is that the
closing PHP tag actually automatically
implies a semicolon which means that if
I were to take an example like this one
where we have two Echoes that Echoes out
some code then the last statement
doesn't actually have a semicolon
because that is actually implied by the
closing PHP tag at the very bottom and I
just want to point something out here
because even though technically we don't
need to have a semicolon inside the last
statement it is something that I do
recommend that you do every single time
it is also something most people do and
it's just for the simple reason that it
doesn't hurt anything to put that last
semicolon and it also teaches you that
every single time you create a statement
you have to put a semicolon because a
lot of times one of the errors that
people they type in my comments is when
they forgot to put a semicolon or they
forgot to close off apprentices or a
curly bracket or something so teaching
you the mindset of putting semicolons
after each statement is something I
highly recommend you do because you have
to get into that mindset but now let's
talk about when we have a file that only
has PHP inside of it because up until
now we talked about this page for
example the index.php file but in some
cases we do also have files that are
purely PHP the way we do it when we have
this pure PHP file is you want to make
sure you have the opening tag at the
very top of the page every single time
because otherwise your PHP is not going
to be working but when it comes to the
closing tag we actually want to omit it
we don't want to have a closing tag at
the end this is actually the recommended
thing to do so just like with the
example you see here we have this file
that only has a PHP tag at the very top
but there's no closing tag at the bottom
it is for the simple reason that in some
cases if you were to close off the PSP
tag at the very bottom but then
accidentally leave a empty line or a
space or something then things can go a
little bit wrong having talked about
that let's talk about a more advanced
example of embedding PHP inside HTML in
this example you can see that I have a
pair of body tags so we have some HTML
and inside these body tags I have a PHP
statement this is called a condition and
conditions is something we'll talk more
about in the future so you don't really
need to know what a condition is right
now but essentially I have a condition
here where if something is true then run
the block of code inside the curly
brackets and in between these curly
brackets I did just like before I Echo
out or output some text inside the
browser or a string as we call it and as
you can see I actually included some
HTML tags inside that string so we have
some html text but with a paragraph tag
wrapped around it and this is something
you can do whenever you want to create
HTML inside a web page you can actually
Echo it out using PHP so you can write
HTML and content using PHP in this sort
of way but this is not really the most
optimal way to do things because you may
notice a couple of things here first of
all the text is completely orange and
that's the typical color when it comes
to writing a string inside PSP and
because of that we run into some issues
with the HTML not actually having any
sort of syntax checking we don't have
any coloring of the age smell just like
the body tags up and below so writing it
smell like this inside a string is
something that is going to get quite
messy and it's going to get confusing
and you don't really have any automated
syntax checking because it's not seen as
HTML by editor is seen as a PHP string
so what you can do instead is you can
split up your condition using the
opening and closing PHP tags around the
beginning of the statement and the
closing of the statement so on the next
slide here you're going to notice that
the if statement is going to get moved
up next to the opening PHP tag and then
I'm going to close it right after that
line and then the curly bracket at the
bottom there is going to have a opening
and a closing PHP tag as well because by
doing that we now allow for eight smelt
to be written in between those curly
brackets but we can actually write it as
HTML and the editor is also going to see
it as HTML and actually check it for
syntax and that kind of thing and color
it so it looks really pretty so doing it
that way is really the optimal way to do
it I think when it comes to writing HTML
the last thing I want to talk a bit
about here is writing comments inside
your PHP you have seen some of it
already but I just want to just sort of
like go through it since there's a
little bit more to it whenever you
create PHP code write comments because
at some point you're going to forget
what the code does and you have to
return to it and you have to go through
the code and see what it does when you
could just have created a comment early
on to tell future you what exactly the
code does so creating comments is a very
important thing a comment is not going
to get outputted inside the browser it
is just there for you as the developer
to see so we have talked about creating
a single line comment here using two
forward slashes and because this is a
one line comment we can't go down to the
next line and continue writing then it's
going to see it as not a comment but we
can create multiple line comments but
instead of using two forward slashes we
can use a forward slash and a
multiplication symbol and then close it
off again using multiplication forward
slash because in this sort of way we can
now create multiple lines in between
these two opening and closing tags when
it comes to writing a comment and just
like that you now know the basics of
syntax when it comes to writing PHP
there is of course you know more
advanced things we could go into but I
think this is a good beginning to
understanding how to write PHP and not
get any sort of basic errors inside your
browser whenever you try to create any
sort of basic PHP code so with that said
I hope you enjoyed this little video and
I'll see you in the next one
foreign
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