Ayo Belajar Sejarah - Pemberontakan DI/TII di Jawa Barat

Summary

The video discusses the DI TII rebellion in West Java, which aimed to establish an Islamic State of Indonesia. The movement, led by Kartosuwiryo, emerged in 1949 after the Renville Agreement, which excluded West Java from Indonesia's territory, leading to a power vacuum. Kartosuwiryo formed the Indonesian Islamic Army (Tentara Islam Indonesia), seeking to oppose the Indonesian military’s return. The rebellion escalated until 1962 when Kartosuwiryo was captured and sentenced to death. This significant event in Indonesian history highlights the political turmoil and military conflict during the country's early years.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia (DI/TII) rebellion aimed to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia.
• 😀 The movement spread across multiple regions, including West Java, Central Java, South Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, and Aceh.
• 😀 The largest and first DI/TII rebellion occurred in West Java in 1949, amidst political instability in Indonesia.
• 😀 The Renville Agreement excluded West Java from the Republic of Indonesia, leading to a power vacuum in the region.
• 😀 Kartosuwiryo, a leader of local militias, declared the formation of an Islamic state in Cisampah, West Java, on August 7, 1949.
• 😀 The Tentara Islam Indonesia (TII) was created as the military force supporting the Islamic state under Kartosuwiryo’s leadership.
• 😀 The return of the Siliwangi Division to West Java in 1960 was seen as a direct threat to the DI/TII movement.
• 😀 The Indonesian government viewed the DI/TII rebellion as a significant challenge and took military action to suppress it.
• 😀 Operation Baratayuda, carried out by the Siliwangi Division and local civilians, successfully captured Kartosuwiryo in 1962.
• 😀 Kartosuwiryo was tried by a military court and sentenced to death, and was executed on August 16, 1962, marking the end of the rebellion.

Q & A

What was the goal of the DI TII rebellion?

The goal of the DI TII (Tentara Islam Indonesia or Indonesian Islamic Army) rebellion was to establish an Islamic State in Indonesia.

Which regions were affected by the DI TII movement?

The DI TII movement spread across several regions including West Java, Central Java, South Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, and Aceh.

What was the significance of West Java in the DI TII rebellion?

West Java was the first and largest region where the DI TII rebellion took place, marking the beginning of the movement.

When did the DI TII rebellion begin?

The rebellion began in 1949, a time when Indonesia was undergoing significant political changes.

Why was there a power vacuum in West Java during this period?

The power vacuum occurred due to the Renville Agreement, which excluded West Java from the Republic of Indonesia, forcing military forces like the TNI and divisional units such as Siliwangi to leave the region.

Who was Kartosuwiryo and what role did he play in the rebellion?

Kartosuwiryo was the leader of the Hizbullah and Sabilillah forces. He founded the DI TII on August 7, 1949, in Cisampah, Tasikmalaya, to create an Islamic state.

What military forces did Kartosuwiryo have at his disposal?

Kartosuwiryo was supported by the Hizbullah and Sabilillah militias, which he had previously led.

How did the return of the Siliwangi Division impact the DI TII rebellion?

The return of the Siliwangi Division to West Java in 1950 was seen as a threat to Kartosuwiryo's aspirations, leading him to view the division as an obstacle that needed to be neutralized.

What was the 'Baratayuda' operation?

The 'Baratayuda' operation, launched in 1960 by the Siliwangi Division and local civilians, aimed to eliminate DI TII forces and successfully captured Kartosuwiryo in the mountains of West Java.

What happened to Kartosuwiryo after his capture?

Kartosuwiryo was tried by a military court and, despite being in a state of war, was sentenced to death. He was executed on August 16, 1962.