DI TII SULAWESI SELATAN | MATERI SEJARAH INDONESIA KELAS 12

Summary

The script delves into the historical events surrounding the DI TII Sulawesi Selatan rebellion in post-independence Indonesia. It begins with the Dutch attempts to regain control after the Japanese defeat in 1945, leading to resistance from various Indonesian groups. The script highlights the deep disappointment of Kahar Muzakkar, the leader of the South Sulawesi guerrilla forces, whose efforts to integrate his forces into the national army were rejected. This led to the outbreak of the rebellion in 1950. The narrative follows the rebellion's progression, the temporary acceptance of the guerrilla forces into the national reserve corps, and the eventual open rebellion in 1951. It culminates in the internal conflicts within the DI TII, the joining of forces with Kartosuwiryo's Islamic State of Indonesia, and the tragic end with the government's military action that resulted in Kahar Muzakkar's death, marking the end of the rebellion.

Takeaways

• 🇮🇩 After Indonesia's independence in 1945, the Dutch attempted to regain control, facing resistance from various groups including TKR and civilian unions.
• 🏹 The growth of 'Laskar' (people's armies) in Indonesia had negative impacts on the government's finances and the professionalism of the military by 1949.
• 🔧 Mohammad Hatta attempted to reorganize and rationalize the situation, directly affecting Far Muzakkar, the leader of the people's armies in Sulawesi.
• 🤔 Kahar Muzakkar was deeply disappointed by the rejection of the South Sulawesi Guerrilla Union (KGSS) to be included in the formation of the Brigade Hasanuddin.
• 🗓️ On July 1, 1950, Kahar Muzakkar, on behalf of KGSS, met with Territorial Commander 7, Wirabuana (Alex Kawilarang), to request KGSS's inclusion in the military organization, which was denied.
• 🚫 Kawilarang issued a decree dissolving KGSS and prohibiting soldiers from reviving it, leading to Kahar Muzakkar's decision to take 7000 KGSS troops into the forest on July 5, 1950, marking the beginning of the Kahar Muzakkar rebellion in South Sulawesi.
• 🏞️ After months in the forest, the government tried to meet KGSS's demands, and on November 13, 1950, Prime Minister Natsir accepted KGSS as part of the TNI (Indonesian National Army), albeit temporarily in the National Reserve Corps (CPNS).
• 🔄 However, distrust arose when the formation of the Brigade Hasanuddin was attempted without the necessity of Kahar's approval, leading to a renewed rebellion in August 1951.
• 📞 On January 20, 1952, Kahar Muzakkar began communicating with Kartosuwiryo, and by August 7, 1953, Kahar Muzakkar and KGSS joined the Islamic State of Indonesia led by Kartosuwiryo.
• 🔫 The rebellion escalated with internal conflicts within DI TII South Sulawesi, and by the end, Kahar Muzakkar lost almost half of his troops who decided to surrender to the government.
• ⚔️ The rebellion ended with military action by the government, who sent troops from the Siliwangi Division led by Lieutenant Umar Sumarsana, resulting in the death of Kahar Muzakkar on June 21, 1957, effectively ending the DI TII South Sulawesi rebellion.

Q & A

What was the main reason for the uprising of DI TII in South Sulawesi?

The main reason for the uprising was the deep disappointment of Kahar Muzakkar due to the rejection of the integration of the South Sulawesi Guerrilla Union (KGSS) into the Indonesian National Army (TNI).

What was the role of the KGSS in the context of the Indonesian struggle for independence?

The KGSS was a conglomeration of various local guerrilla forces in South Sulawesi that contributed to the guerrilla war to defend Indonesia's independence.

Why was the integration of KGSS into the TNI initially rejected?

The integration was initially rejected because the majority of KGSS members did not meet the qualifications to enter the military organization.

What was the impact of the rejection on Kahar Muzakkar and the KGSS?

The rejection led to a tense situation between Kahar Muzakkar and Kawilarang, and eventually, on July 5, 1950, Kahar Muzakkar decided to take the KGSS troops into the forest and started the uprising.

How did the Indonesian government initially respond to the demands of the KGSS?

On November 13, 1950, Prime Minister Natsir accepted the KGSS as part of the TNI, but temporarily placed them in the National Reserve Corps (CPNS) before the formation of the Hasanuddin Brigade.

What was the consequence of the government's decision on Kahar Muzakkar and the KGSS?

The decision softened the stance of Kahar Muzakkar and the KGSS, leading them to leave the forest and accept the government's policy.

What event led to the re-escalation of the uprising by Kahar Muzakkar?

The re-escalation occurred when the Eastern Indonesian Military Commander, Letkol Kosasih, decided to approach the battalions within the KGSS and appoint them one by one without the necessity of Kahar's approval, making Kahar feel deceived.

When did Kahar Muzakkar and the KGSS officially join the Islamic State of Indonesia led by Kartosuwiryo?

They officially joined the Islamic State of Indonesia on August 7, 1953.

What was the internal conflict within DI TII that eventually led to its downfall?

The internal conflict was caused by Kahar's plan to reorganize the troops, which led to rejection from several key figures within DI TII, resulting in the loss of nearly half of the troops.

How did the uprising of DI TII in South Sulawesi come to an end?

The uprising ended when the government dispatched troops from the Siliwangi Division, led by Lieutenant Umar Sumarsana, who successfully located and killed Kahar Muzakkar.